CALIFORNIA GREEN CHEMISTRY INITIATIVE. Bob Boughton Department of Toxic Substances Control CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

Transcription

1 CALIFORNIA GREEN CHEMISTRY INITIATIVE Bob Boughton Department of Toxic Substances Control CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 1

2 Global Chemical Production Doubling Every 25 Years Wilson, et. al. UCB (2007) 2

3 Childhood Exposure from Chemicals in Products (Average numbers of chemicals per day, by age group) 3

4 Public Health Impacts Autism Prostate Cancer Cryptorchidism Breast Cancer Sperm Density Madsen, Kucher, and Olle (June 2004) 4

5 The Need for California s Initiative Mounting evidence shows relationship between chemicals in products and negative impacts Knowledge of/information on chemicals in products and their impacts is limited Historical regulatory focus on emissions and waste A focus on design and process leads to better protection and better products 5

6 The Opportunity: Shape debate on products and chemicals Provide California s leadership in innovation and economic growth Grow our share of multi-trillion dollar global chemical and consumer products market 6

7 The Vision California is a leader in innovation, use, and manufacture of safer, ever more environmentally benign chemicals and products. 7

8 Increase Share of $635 Billion US Chemicals Market CA Chemicals = Only $7.2 billion LAO (2006): California Exports 8

9 Green Jobs and Investment 9

10 What is Green Chemistry? Benign by Design Protecting public health and the environment during design of products and processes Cradle to Cradle A fundamentally new approach to environmental protection 10

11 Green Chemistry grows 11

12 The Challenges: Toxics found in consumer products Information lacking for businesses and consumers to choose less toxic products Existing cradle-to-grave framework is inadequate Little control to influence safer design of products 12

13 Old Approach: Cradle to Grave 20 th Century Single Medium (air, water, land) For the past 40 years, we have focused on end-ofpipe or after product use Discharges Emissions Wastes 13

14 THE LEGACY: Billions in Long-Term Costs to California Taxpayers $157 Million Collected $1.2 Billion Needed

15 California Laws Banning Sale of Toxics in Products Ban on lead in jewelry Ban on toxics in packaging Ban on mercury in certain devices RoHS ban on covered electronics 15

16 New Approach: Benign by Design 21 st Century Multimedia, lifecycle approach Through design and innovation, we can reduce the use of harmful chemicals, generate less waste, use less energy, and make safer products 16

17 PHASE 1: Listening April through December 2007 Conversation with California 57,000 blog hits 411+ pages of ideas Symposia and Meetings Green Chemistry I, II, and III Nanotechnology I and II Biomonitoring OEHHA - Green Chemistry Stakeholder Phase 1 Options Report 818 options 8 chapters Key Elements Align existing state programs 17

18 PHASE 2: Analysis Three Concurrent Tracks Science Advisory Panel Key Element Teams Draft Straw Conceptual Framework 18

19 Comprehensive State Policy Framework: Six Recommendations 1. Expand Pollution Prevention 2. Develop Green Chemistry Workforce, Education, Research, and Tech Transfer Infrastructure 3. Create Online Product Ingredient Network 4. Create Online Toxics Clearinghouse 5. Accelerate Quest for Safer Alternatives 6. Move Toward Cradle-to-cradle Economy 19

20 Recommendation 1: Expand Pollution Prevention Assist California facilities to shift their focus from end-ofpipe waste management to greener design and production.

21 Recommendation 2: Develop Infrastructure for Education, Workforce, Research, and Tech Transfer Teach and train at universities, community colleges, and research institutions a new workforce to advance green chemistry capabilities Foster research and development in new process and product design Enhance technology transfer 21

22 Recommendation 3: Create Online Product Ingredient Network Provide California businesses, retailers, and consumers with access to the chemical ingredients in their products 22

23 Recommendation 4: Create Online Toxics Clearinghouse Increase access to and knowledge about the toxicity and traits of the thousands of chemicals used in California Note: Health and Safety Code section enacted. 23

24 Recommendation 5: Accelerate the Quest for Safer Alternatives Develop systematic approach to: Assess chemicals in products Identify safer, better alternatives Apply appropriate response Note: Health and Safety Code section et. seq. enacted. This is the focus of our discussion today. 24

25 Recommendation 6: Move Toward A Cradle-to-Cradle Economy Leverage market forces to design products without waste or toxic ingredients 25

26 Safer Alternatives Identify and prioritize chemicals of concern Apply alternatives analysis using a life cycle approach Lca/lcc methodology Review to avoid regretful substitutions Regulatory action step -drive innovation to less toxic products in commerce 26

27 Process to identify and prioritize CoCs Generate Minimum Data Sets Chemical in Consumer Products? No/ Exempt No further action Generate data by specified date Generate data prior to using in products YES YES NO Data available to allow categorization/ prioritization? NO Chemical already In commerce in California? No data, no market YES Responsible party enters use and categorization information into clearinghouse DTSC evaluates use and categorization information from clearinghouse, listings, available weight of evidence data Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 AA/LCA; Are there safer alternatives? NO Response appropriate to category DTSC posts notice of intent to prioritize, and then applies prioritization criteria? Categories defined in regulation, these are identified and prioritized chemicals we list. YES Implement alternatives 27

28 Alternatives Assessment Application of life-cycle thinking to determine feasibility and tradeoffs of alternatives LCA methodology LCC methodology 28

29 Target CoC in consumer products Identified alternatives chemical substitution product reformulation product redesign functional unit (Equivalent function, useful life time) No significant change in: Cost? No yes significant change in: raw materials acquisition And processing? No yes significant change in: energy consumption? yes No Include into system boundary significant change in: manufacturing? No No significant change in: transportation? yes yes yes significant change in: use? No yes significant change in: EOL? Relate Economic Information collection Environmental Information collection (slide 2) Economic impacts Information collection for status quo and alternative (qualitative and quantitative) Resource depletion Human health impacts Ecological impacts Check and verify the equivalent function after mitigation (slide 3) Identify hotspots (incl. life cycle stages & life cycle impacts) Answer checklist questions Can be mitigated / improved? Yes, apply engineering mitigation measure Inform AA 29

30 Economic information corporate image consumer acceptance worker wellness and morale external cost outsourced service cost non-compliance liability capital investment O&M cost cost for resource P2 cost waste disposal and treatment cost 30

31 Environmental Information raw materials consumption ancillary materials consumption energy consumption and demand water consumption air emissions wastewater emissions solid waste liquid waste EOL options Recyclable content and recyclability 31

32 Economic impacts Direct corporate cost Indirect corporate cost Future and contingent liability cost Corporate intangible cost and benefit External cost and benefit (due to environment impact) Resource depletion Energy and materials consumption Energy efficiency Land use Water conservation Human health impacts Impacts in work environment Toxicological impact (excl. work environment) Non-toxicological impact (excl. work environment) Ecological impacts Global warming Acidification Terrestrial toxicity Photochemical smog Ozone depletion Eutrophication Aquatic toxicity 32

33 Our goal- to avoid unintended consequences Our approach Develop a methodology that is robust, comprehensive and informative, but is also easy to complete and not bogged down by data acquisition or uncertainty 33

34 CALIFORNIA GREEN CHEMISTRY INITIATIVE Department of Toxic Substances Control CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 34