Status of NBSAPs Revision & Integration of Aichi Targets 5, 11, 14 & 15: South-East Asia Regional Perspective Jambi, 1 May 2014

Transcription

1 Status of NBSAPs Revision & Integration of Aichi Targets 5, 11, 14 & 15: South-East Asia Regional Perspective Jambi, 1 May 2014 Presented by: Iwan Kurniawan & Dr. Fachruddin Mangunjaya

2 Biodiversity in South-East Asia Three of the 17 known megadiverse countries(indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines). Less than 10% of the global surface, but supports more than 70% of the planet s biological diversity.provide essential life support system. Indonesia: 10% of flowering plants, 12% of the world s mammals, 16% of the world s reptiles and amphibians, 17% of all birds, and more than a quarter of all marine and fresh-water fish.

3 Potential Economic Value of Biodiversity & Ecosystem - Terrestrial 1.3 bill m3 of water (NP); 146 bill m3 (Phillippines) 3.2 mega watt (water); 1.1 mega watt (geothermal) 250 ton Ce/ha US$ 8 Pharmaceuticals??

4 Potential Economic Value of Biodiversity & Ecosystem Coastal & Marine US$538 of fish/ha/year in Philippines US$ 83.93/day from Ecotourism 35 tons of fish/year/0.25 km2 18.4% to GDP

5 Biodiversity Threats Population 605 million 2 mill ha/year of forest loss (27 years) 26% of mangrove loss (25 years) 40% of coral reef loss/ degraded (14 years) 30 to 50% losses of sea grass habitats in Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand Out of 47,915 species assessed, 2,517 are threatened

6 Key drivers of BD loss Ecosystems and habitat change Climate change Invasive alien species Over-exploitation (as a result of deforestation and land-use and water-use change, as well as wildlife hunting and trade for food) Pollution Poverty

7 NBSAP Key result of the biodiversity planning process. By which countries can plan to address the threats to their biodiversity. Relevant to other biodiversity-related conventions and agreements RAMSAR, CITES,CMS, World Heritage Convention, ITPGRFA. Most of existing NBSAPs are between 8 and 10 years old

8 Barriers of NBSAP Implementation 1. Inadequate capacities (technical & financial). 2. Lack of awareness of high-level decision makers. 3. Weak institutional arrangement (overlapping mandate, synergy, unclear roles). 4. M & E is not in place. 5. Indicators & targets do not SMART.

9 New Generation of NBSAP COP-10 decision required each country to review, update and revise NBSAPs. Use NBSAPs as effective instruments for the integrationof biodiversity targets into national development and poverty reduction policies and strategies. Monitor and review the implementation of their NBSAPs and report to COP through the fifth and sixth national reports. 1. Create synergies through the formation of a multi-sectoraladvisory group; 2. Build awareness of the value of biodiversity (economic engine, major element of climate resilience and adaptation); 3. Ensure the institutional framework required for IBSAP is implemented and widely adopted throughout society.

10 Timeline of Achieving Aichi Targets National Targets Set CoP12 MDGs SDGs CoP13 CoP14 CoP15 NBSAPs revised & adopted NBSAPs implemented National Targets Achieved 5 th National Reports GBO- 4 6 th National Reports

11 Aichi Targets clustering to form strategies Biodiversity mainstreaming Protection ABS Understand values Mainstream biodiversity Address incentives Sustainable fisheries Manage within limits Reduce pollution Protected areas Prevent extinctions Conserve gene pool Restoration Implement Nagoya Prot. Enabling Revise NBSAPs Respect and conserve TK Sustainable production Reduce invasive spp. Restore ecosystems Improve knowledge Halve rate of loss Minimize reef loss Enhance resilience Mobilize resources

12 NBSAP Process Cycle Getting Organized Assessment/ Country study Developing a Strategy & Setting Targets Developing a Plan of Action Stakeholder Engagement & Strategic Communication Reporting Monitoring & Evaluation Implementation

13 Stocktaking and Stakeholder Identification Ecosystem Approach (based on services and uses of main ecosystems) Question 4: Who will be affected by ecosystems change? Question1: Who uses or impacts ecosystems? Question 3: Who wishes to benefit of ecosystems but is unable? Question 2: Who benefits of the ecosystems and who does not?

14 Stocktaking and Stakeholder Identification Level of Stakeholder Stakeholder 3 National Stakeholder 2 Stakeholder 1 Local

15 Country Experience INDONESIA

16 Roadmap NEW IBSAP October-Desember 2013 (Contract, Stock taking, FGDs, Outline, meanstreaming, economic valuation, resource mobilization(k3) April-Sept 2014 FGDs: all Draft Documents: Status Kehati, VE, MS,RM, Reviews New IBSAP; National Report,Compilation 1, Revision, and Final Draft, New IBSAP Januari-Maret 2014 (FGDs: Stock Taking (K3)National Target, Institutions, CEPA, CHM, Monitoring and Evaluation, Integration dan Compilation Draft1 (end of March)

17 Indonesia Biodiversity Plan 150 pages 289 pages 80pages 1) Biodiversity Action Plan for Indonesia (BAPI) ) Indonesia Biodiversity Strategicand Action Plan (IBSAP) ) IBSAP Update/New IBSAP

18 Stocktaking: Status & Trend of BD

19 Processof NBSAP Revision Stocktaking & National Targets Updated IBSAP Institutional Framework The state of Country Biodiversity Updated National target Multi stakeholders approach The strategy for biodiversity mainstreaming Resource mobilization strategy Economic Valuation of biodiversity Institutional Framework Communication strategy & outreach Monitoring& evaluation mechanism Clering House Mechanism (CHM) National report LIPI (Indonesia Institute of Science) PPN/ BAPPENAS +consultans MoE +consultans Integration National Dev. Plan

20 Gap Analysis

21 Mainstreaming BD - Strategy Line Ministries/ Institutions Community NGOs Private sector Universities Evaluation Integrating current issues (scientific, local, global, regulations) Existing conditio n Challange Priority Strategy RPJMN (National Mid Term) RPJMD (Regional Midterm) Regional Goverment Implementation Feedback

22 Challenging in NBSAP Revision Lack of available data (economic valuation of BD; impact of CC to BD). Costing the action plan/targets & assess financing gap. Building political commitment (new government). Setting the targets: national, subnational, sectoral, cross-cutting

23 Target Setting T5, T11 11, T14 14, T15

24 Setting National Targets A set of national goals and targets should have the following characteristics: Specific (more specific than global targets); Measurable (quantified); Ambitious beyond BAU; not limited to existing resources; Realistic (credibility for biodiversity planning); Time bound;

25 Specific A specifictargetwill usually result from consideration of the five "W" questions: WhatWhat do I want to accomplish? Why Specific reasons, purpose or benefits of accomplishing the goal associated with the target. WhoWho is involved? WhereIdentify a location. WhichIdentify requirements and constraints.

26 Measurable A measurable target will usually result from consideration of questions such as: How much? How many? How will I know when it is achieved?

27 Achievable/Ambitious An achievablegoal will usually result from analysis of the question: Howcan the target be reached? Are all the steps practically possible? An ambitioustarget can be used to focus attention on longer-term goals that may not be achievable with existing methods/resources

28 Relevant (Realistic): A relevant(realistic) target can answer yes to these questions: Does this seem worthwhile? Is this the right time? Does this match our other efforts/needs?

29 Timebound: A time-bound target will results from consideration of the question: By When? What can I do 6 months from now? What can I do 6 weeks from now? What can I do today?

30 B. Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use Target 5: By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved and where feasible brought close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is significantly reduced.

31 B. Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use Target 5 Habitat loss halved or reduced relevant decisions on forest biodiversity, marine and coastal biodiversity, inland water biodiversity, dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity, sustainable use Key words: natural habitats, high BD value habitats, tipping points, halting loss, degradation/fragmentation reduced Examples of activities include: spatial planning; implementation of REDD

32 D. Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services Target 15: By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation and restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification. Relevant decisions on climate change mitigation and biodiversity, Reversal of carbon emissions from degradation forest biodiversity, inland waters biodiversity

33 D. Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services Target 15:Ecosystems restored and resilience enhanced Examples of activities are to: Improve resilience through restoration implement mechanisms related to REDD; protect key wetlands; improve soil management; up-scale landscape restoration efforts; incentive schemes in the context of the climate change; additional schemes for other terrestrial, freshwater and coastal ecosystems. Regional actions proposed: Parties may, for instance by 2014, compile and review information on the potential contribution of all ecosystems to carbon storage and sequestration prepare a national strategy for the enhancement of the contribution of biodiversity to ecosystem resilience and carbon storage, have in place, and implement, a national plan for ecosystem restoration.

34 NBSAP FORUM

35 Thank you Terimakasih

36 Group exercise Establishing SMART Target

37 Time: 10 minutes discussion & 5 minutes reporting back Each country select at least one Aichi Targets out of the four targets (5, 11, 14 and 15) and develop national target(s). In preparing national targets, keep in mind that the targets can be: National, sectoral, and/or area-based: actors and stakeholders responsible for implementing actions. National: By 2018, reduce the use of phytosanitaryproducts by 50% (and as soon as this is technically possible). (France EcophtyoPlan). Sectoral/cross-sectoral: The Czech Republic s State Environment Policy has an objective of increasing the share of organic farming out of agricultural land areas to at least 10% by Area based: By 2012, Korea will designate its Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.

38 Preparing National Targets cont d Outcome-oriented or enabling: The targets can aim to influence the status of a particular biodiversity component or a driver, or they can aim to establish enabling mechanisms for the protection and sustainable use of biodiversity. Enabling: Costa Rica has an institutional framework for the supervision and evaluation of the national system of protected areas and is applying this tool in monitoring the effectiveness of management for 40% of the protected areas by 2010, and 75% of protected areas by Outcome oriented: By 2012, China s forest coverage will be increased to 20% of the country s total land area. (National 11th Five-Year Plan ).

39 Preparing National Targets cont d Quantitative or qualitative: Qualitative targets are useful as motivational and inspirational tools, though quantitative targets are preferable in cases where effective indicators exist or there is a degree of confidence that they can be developed. Quantitative: By 2012, forest and tree cover will be increased to 33% (from 23.39% presently). (India Qualitative: To reduce and stop the rate of biodiversity degradation and extinction at national, regional and local levels within , along with rehabilitation and sustainable use efforts. (Biodiversity Management Action Plan). Indonesia Long, medium or short term. Medium-Long: To increase the country s afforestation to 30% in 2020 and to 33% in (Poland- National Forest Policy)

40 Aichi Target#: Baseline Monitoring Indicator Target Key Actor(s)