Power-to-Hydrogen : key challenges and next steps. Main outcomes and next steps CEN/CENELEC SFEM WG Hydrogen Task Force 4 Hydrogen System and Usage

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1 Main outcomes and next steps CEN/CENELEC SFEM WG Hydrogen Task Force 4 Hydrogen System and Usage Dr. Bernard GINDROZ Chairman of CEN/CENELEC SFEM

2 CEN & CENELEC SFEM: general scope & boundaries

3 CEN & CENELEC SFEM: TF4 scope Task Force 4 concerns the hydrogen system (hydrogen infrastructure, components and storage) and end-users of pure hydrogen. hydrogen pipelines fall outside the scope of work as the near term deployment potential is limited. Distribution means : Storage (i.e. trailers and cylinder bundles, as well as industrial end-users, large scale underground storage in salt caverns, small scale stationary storage systems) hydrogen refuelling stations, transportation (vehicles, trucks), residential appliances Dispatchable power (re-electrification, e.g. fuel cells) Challenges and needs, coordinated overview of existing development and work Inputs to TF5 (cross-cutting issues) Inputs to developments and research programs

4 Hydrogen system and usage Hydrogen infrastructure Underground hydrogen storage in salt caverns Hydrogen infrastructure Distribution by tube/cylinder trailers Hydrogen infrastructure Refuelling infrastructure (components) Hydrogen refuelling stations (general) Hydrogen refuelling station components Stationary hydrogen storage in hydrogen refuelling stations Hydrogen metering Hydrogen connectors Hydrogen quality Hydrogen quality assurance Hydrogen applications On-board storage / vehicle regulations Hydrogen applications Distributed generation and fuel cells

5 Hydrogen infrastructure Underground hydrogen storage in salt caverns Pre-normative research into materials compatibility and durability of especially cement mixtures, but also steels and non-metallic materials for use in hydrogen storage facilities. Standardization action: Consider the update of the European standard EN for functional recommendations for underground gas storage in solution-mined salt cavities, developed within CEN/TC 234, to include hydrogen specific sections e.g. for first gas fills (including monitoring of in- and outflows) as well as specifications for mechanical integrity testing.

6 Hydrogen infrastructure Distribution by tube/cylinder trailers Further develop probabilistic methodology to determine safety factors for composite vessels. Develop methods for cylinder testing and requalification. Develop equipment interfaces for high pressure trailers and end-users (e.g. refuelling stations), filling procedures and component requirements. Develop an overarching PNR activity that combines results from individual projects (e.g. DeliverHy, HyComp, FireComp, HyPactor, HyTransfer, EU Member State projects), fills gaps (e.g. go to 100 MPa) and provides recommendations for standards and regulations and probabilistic risk approach.

7 Hydrogen infrastructure Distribution by tube/cylinder trailers Continue to establish industrial consensus to further improve pressure/volume limitations currently considered within ISO/TC 58/SC3 on gas cylinders/tubes with composite materials in view of the revision of ISO Development of an informative annex for ISO X standards and ISO which introduces the concept of probabilistic risk approach to determine safety factors. Consider to update EN to reflect the latest developments in ISO/TC 58/SC3 regarding cylinder/tube volume and pressure. Regulatory actions: Once the relevant ISO standards for gas cylinders with composite materials are updated, consider updating the ADR to include references to these ISO standards and to accommodate new tube size categories. Consider using the UN model regulations as a platform to establish a global consensus on the transportation of hydrogen in high pressure, high volume trailers.

8 Hydrogen infrastructure Refuelling infrastructure (general) Secure continuation of PNR work in EU projects on hydrogen refuelling station concepts and protocols, and facilitate information exchange with relevant activities undertaken by EU Member States. Further develop risk assessment methodologies for failure modes of hydrogen refuelling stations to understand the consequences for on-board hydrogen storage systems. Development of European standards required by AFID. Development of performance based standards for refuelling protocols outside the SAE standardization platform. Develop a single solution for a complete qualification process for European hydrogen refuelling stations

9 Hydrogen infrastructure Refuelling infrastructure (components) Continuation of PNR work in EU projects on components development. Identify and address gaps in standards for hydrogen refuelling components. Development of a European standardization platform in which feedback is systematically collected on the operation of station components and on which a European perspective on component requirements can be developed (e.g. a dedicated technical committee on hydrogen).

10 Stationary hydrogen storage in hydrogen refuelling stations Develop PNR activities to deepen the understanding of causes for fatigue under shallow cycles. Develop appropriate testing procedures and methodologies for accelerated lifetime testing based on profiles that reflect user patterns of storage means in hydrogen refuelling stations.

11 Hydrogen metering Development of hydrogen metering techniques to achieve consistent accuracy levels between 1% and 2%. Development of standardized test and measurements methods to determine accuracy levels of meters (currently not in scope of ISO ).

12 Hydrogen connectors Develop PNR activities to reduce excessive wear and leakage issues of high pressure nozzles Development of standardized test methods and preventive measures to overcome nozzle freezing. Consider to (further) develop a European standardization platform that could facilitate connection devices to confirm to the requirements in EN ISO

13 Hydrogen quality Development of improved metrological methods and measurement techniques for hydrogen purity analysis (e.g. by using means for concentrating and/or enriching hydrogen gas). Continue PNR activities to further understand the impact of impurities on fuel cell system performance under automotive conditions. Develop risk assessment methodologies to understand the risk and consequences of trespassing impurity level limits. Harmonize (pre-)standardization work performed at EIGA, ISO/TC 197 and SAE. o Reassess PNR results to feed into revision work of hydrogen quality standards.

14 Hydrogen quality assurance Develop online measurement techniques and detection apparatus for hydrogen quality assurance at refuelling stations. Develop an analytical standard dedicated to hydrogen impurities. Support ongoing standardization activities (e.g. on how to adopt European PNR work (FCH JU HyCORA project)) to develop a practical implementing method for hydrogen quality control. Development of a scheme to encourage existing gas laboratories to obtain accreditation for performing hydrogen purity analysis (e.g. by proficiency testing schemes)

15 Hydrogen applications On-board storage / vehicle regulations Improvement of testing methodologies and procedures for mechanical impact testing of hydrogen tanks. Improvement of testing methodologies and procedures for thermal load testing of hydrogen tanks. Development of characterization/evaluation techniques for damage quantification, especially acoustic emission techniques for in-service inspection of hydrogen tanks. Development of a probabilistic approach to determine hydrogen tank batch behavior. Harmonization and uniformity of test schemes for hydrogen tank standards developed within ISO/TC 197/WG 18 (e.g. fatigue testing, failure modes considerations, bonfire testing, drop testing, safety factor determination, periodic inspection testing). Facilitate future adoption of European standards for hydrogen tank testing.

16 Hydrogen applications On-board storage / vehicle regulations Regulatory actions: Determine the need to update EC Regulation 79/2009 on type-approval of hydrogen-powered motor vehicles considering progressive improvements in regulations (e.g. GTR13, UNECE R134), standards (e.g. progress in ISO/TC 197/WG18) and advancements in research (e.g. EU supported projects: FireComp, HyComp, HyPactor, MATHRYCE) and feedback from deployment. Re-evaluation of regulations and standards on issues related to the interfaces between hydrogen infrastructure and vehicles.

17 Hydrogen applications Distributed generation and fuel cells Improving testing methodologies for performance characterization of single cells, modules and systems is ongoing (e.g. for cross-leak testing and performance testing at sub-zero temperatures). Development of harmonized RCS covering the installation of stationary fuel cell systems to the electricity grid. Development of testing methodologies for stationary fuel cell systems to provide back-up power, uninterrupted power supply or ancillary services to the grid.

18 CEN & CENELEC SFEM: Working Group Hydrogen - Energy Next steps : TF4 Comments and suggestions? Expression of interest to join the work? Coordination s need? Others?