Landscape planning contribution in ecosystem services concept implementation in Ukraine

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Meeting on Ecosystem Services 28th-30th Sept.

1 Landscape planning contribution in ecosystem services concept implementation in Ukraine Eugenia Maruniak German-Ukrainian Meeting on Ecosystem Services 28th-30th Sept Dresden, IÖR Institute of Geography National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine

2 Outlines Ukrainian environmental policy and its gaps Ecosystem services how to implement the concept in Ukraine? Project Landscape planning in Ukraine experience and main outputs

3 Prehistory and nowadays of Ukrainian environmental policy A huge variety of legislative acts (which are usually not executed) Terminology and approaches formed in Soviet - Post- Soviet tradition. The low level of inter-sectoral integration (Ecology for Ecology) Ratified International Conventions Ukraine is a part of more than 50 environmental agreements and more than 40 global and regional conventions or protocols

The Law On Ukraine National environmental policy strategy for the period to the year 2020 The Ukraine National environment protection action plan for the period from 2011 to

4 The Law On Ukraine National environmental policy strategy for the period to the year 2020 The Ukraine National environment protection action plan for the period from 2011 to 2015 yrs. Sustainable Development Strategy ( Ukraine-2020 )? National Report State of environment in Ukraine National Report of Ukraine on Conservation of Biological Diversity etc.

5 ES implementation: framework conditions In the Ukraine Law On Ukraine National environmental policy strategy for the period to the year 2020 (2010), particularly outlined tasks on: Conducting the informative and educational campaign on the values of ES and further implementation of its valuation; Introduction of the systematic ecological approach into management activities Creation of economically based payment system for the specialized natural resources use In The Ukraine National environment protection action plan for the period from 2011 to 2015 yrs. Approved by the Cabinet of Ministers decree (2011) Task: (during 2014yr) develop the methodology for valuation and classification of ES types, which opens the wide avenues for scientific research and development.

6 ES implementation: framework conditions Legislative gaps Barriers of perception and public awareness Low level of social and economic development especially within rural areas Ecological state of environment Research and developments (ecosystems, biodiversity, landscapes, sustainable development) Decentralization Implementation of EU s standards and directives

8 Джерело: Національний Атлас України

Dynamics in areas under soil-depleting crops, 1000 ha 30%-40% of

Ukraine Vinnitskiy Zhitomyrskiy Kyivskiy Kyrovogradskiy Poltavskiy

157,0 566,0 61,0 1476,0 78,9 299,8 53,5 162,0 40,6 53,7 5,0 140,8

2,0 138,2 98,5 399,3 244,1 480,1 6,7 23,6 3,3 171,5 127,0 549,0

9 Dynamics in areas under soil-depleting crops, 1000 ha 30%-40% of arable lands in region Region Corn (maize) Sunflower Rapeseed Soybean 2000 р р р р р р р р. Ukraine Vinnitskiy Zhitomyrskiy Kyivskiy Kyrovogradskiy Poltavskiy Khmelnitskiy Cherkasskiy Chernigivskiy 1279,0 4625,0 2842,0 5194,0 157,0 566,0 61,0 1476,0 78,9 299,8 53,5 162,0 40,6 53,7 5,0 140,8 2,4 149,4 0,6 49,0 6,7 25,0 0,1 67,4 26,2 276,2 22,4 87,9 7,4 33,4 2,0 138,2 98,5 399,3 244,1 480,1 6,7 23,6 3,3 171,5 127,0 549,0 164,0 244,0 6,0 10,0 11,0 189,0 24,7 185,8 4,7 40,9 13,9 50,1 0,4 143,6 89,6 312,0 81,5 141,2 4,6 42,5 5,3 117,3 28,9 324,0 10,2 94,9 9,3 34,4 0,0 0,0

10 Landscape planning in Ukraine ( ) Model region LANDSCAPE PROGRAM (Cherkasska oblast, 1:200000) S km 2 LANDSCAPE FRAMEWORK PLAN (Kanivsky district, 1:50000) S km 2 LANDSCAPE PLAN (Stepanetska rada 1:10000) S km 2 Levels Key topics: Sustainable development and cultural landscapes development Biodiversity conservation Climate change and it s consequences

11 Data set for inventory Characteristics and structure of natural resources potential, land use structure, pollutant emissions, waste disposal, hazardous objects and so on. Climatic conditions: solar radiation; circulation of the atmosphere; atmospheric pressure, wind direction, air and soil temperature, precipitation, atmospheric phenomena. The local climate (mesoclimate) and mesoclimatic zoning; Surface and ground waters: the reserves of underground and surface waters, depth of underground waters, relative levels of the underground waters aquifers and their characteristics (distribution, power, chemical composition, etc.) quality of surface waters; water consumption; Distribution of flora and fauna species; main habitat types; concentration areas of rare plant and animal species listed as endangered; Soil: distribution of soils and soil components, physicochemical properties of soil (grain size, cations exchange capacity, humus content, ph, permeability), areas with the presence of unfavorable for business processes (salinization, waterlogging, washed away soil); radioactive contamination as a result of the Chernobyl NPS accident; Landscapes, preserved in their natural state and modern; landscapes, territorial localization and characterization of cultural and historical heritage;

12 Assessment maps (selected) Sensitivity Ecological importance Climate and air Air sensitivity to chemical contamination Climate importance for human habitation Climate importance for recreation Climate importance for agriculture Climate importance for solar and wind energy Groundwater and surface waters Groundwater sensitivity to chemical contamination Groundwater importance for water supply Water resources availability Surface waters quality Flora, fauna, biotopes Biotopes sensitivity to anthropogenic and natural Importance of the component Species and impacts biotopes Soils sensitivity to chemical contamination Soils sensitivity to water erosion Soils sensitivity to wind erosion Soils Soils natural fertility (importance for crop) Landscapes Landscapes importance for tourism and recreation

13 Air and climate

14 Groundwater and surface waters

15 Groundwater and surface waters

16 Soils Soil types Cation-exchange capacity Content of humus Acidity / alkalinity Granulometry Water infiltration Unfavorable processes Sensitivity for water erosion Sensitivity for chemical contamination Sensitivity for wind erosion Importance for crop

17 SOILS FEATURES

18 Flora and fauna, biotopes

19 Landscapes

20 Nature use conflicts Radioactive contamination Water erosion of soils Wind erosion of soils

Concept of objectives DEVELOPMENT CONSERVATION IMPROVEMENT Legend (fragment): 1- Nature

3 - Natural and cultural heritage protection. 4 - Sustainable agriculture.

6 - Sustainable land use with a focus on tourism and ecological networks; special attention: 7

ecological network; particular mode of nature use and regulated tourism.

10 - erosion of riverbanks; 11 - wind erosion; 12 - the consequences of radioactive

21 Concept of objectives DEVELOPMENT CONSERVATION IMPROVEMENT Legend (fragment): 1- Nature conservation. Ensuring and monitoring of existing protected areas status. 2 - spawning fish. 3 - Natural and cultural heritage protection. 4 - Sustainable agriculture. 5 - Sustainable land use with a focus on ecosystem services which need protection. 6 - Sustainable land use with a focus on tourism and ecological networks; special attention: 7 - areas of plants and animals rare species concentration, in future - the core of the ecological network; particular mode of nature use and regulated tourism. 8 - Remediation of negative impacts on the landscape to improve ecosystems water erosion; 10 - erosion of riverbanks; 11 - wind erosion; 12 - the consequences of radioactive contamination of soils, highly sensitive to chemical pollution; 13 - permanent flooding Remediation of negative impacts on the landscape to improve the population living conditions.

Outputs Pilot LP for three planning levels Plans, which

recommendations implementation into territorial plan on

implementation into territorial (spatial) planning to

22 Outputs Pilot LP for three planning levels Plans, which include a set of maps (GIS) and texts Conclusions and recommendations implementation into territorial plan on Cherkassy region Expected effects Landscape plans implementation into territorial (spatial) planning to provide the sustainable development, the same projects for other regions of Ukraine

23 The landscape planning contribution to the ecosystem services assessment Expert assessments. Spatial databases Mapping and visualization Attracting the maximum number of stakeholders to the dialogue Platform for implementation of environmental issues to other documents: regional strategies, spatial plans Better perception and informational readiness Landscape planning Sustainable development ES concept Sustainable spatial development

24 How to implement? Practice of territorial management and land use Regional Development Strategies Territorial planning documents (General Scheme of Planning, Schemes of Regional Planning, Cities Master Plans) Landscape planning documents Local community, NGOs coordination LP Developer coordination Authorities

25 Landscape and territorial planning in Ukraine: levels Example Project Integration of environmental concerns into territorial planning in Ukraine

26 General Scheme of Ukraine s territory planning (The Law, Dypromisto etc.) Planning structure and types of territories recommended use

27 Thank you for attention Institute of Geography of National Academy of Ukraine 44 Volodymirska str., Kyiv-30, Ukraine (044)

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