WHAT THE SCIENCE SAYS

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "WHAT THE SCIENCE SAYS"

Alexandrina Marsh
5 years ago
Views:

1 1 WHAT THE SCIENCE SAYS How EPA Rules Affect Children s Health Legislative Briefing April 5, 2017 The Capitol, Washington, DC

Reproductive Health and the Environment (PRHE) Former EPA scientist and one of the nation s leading

2 2 Tracey J. Woodruff, PhD, MPH Professor and Director, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment (PRHE) Former EPA scientist and one of the nation s leading experts on how toxic chemicals and chemical regulatory policies affect the health of pregnant women and children Dr. Woodruff will discuss the relationship between chemical exposures and impacts on children s health

3 The Environment is a Children s Health Issue 3

Federal reserve data on chemical production is only offered

A specific reference year is chosen and values are

In this particular data set 2007 is the reference year and

4 Federal reserve data on chemical production is only offered as relative production, which is unit-less. A specific reference year is chosen and values are calculated relative to that years production. In this particular data set 2007 is the reference year and is assigned a value of 100. Data from: U.S. Federal Reserve Board, Division of Research and Statistics 4

5 5

6 6 The Evidence Is Clear Physicians in the U.S. and around the world are sounding the alarm about toxic chemicals exposures

7 EPA Rules Affect Children s Brains The list of neurotoxicants is growing: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants Particulate air pollution Lead

7 7 EPA Rules Affect Children s Brains The list of neurotoxicants is growing: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants Particulate air pollution Lead Mercury Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) TENDR Statement Bennett et al Project TENDR: Targeting NeuroDevelopmental Risks. The TENDR Consensus Statement. Environmental Health Perspectives 124(7):A118-A122.

8 8 Quantifying Benefits and Costs Clean Air Act Produces $2 trillion in Benefits Graph: US EPA, OAR

EPA Rules Annual Net Benefits ~$622 billion $800 $600 Annual Net Benefits of 35 EPA Federal Rules ($ Billions) Offices of Air; Solid Waste and Emergency Response; Water $672.2 $622.1 $400 $200 $0 $50.

9 EPA Rules Annual Net Benefits ~$622 billion $800 $600 Annual Net Benefits of 35 EPA Federal Rules ($ Billions) Offices of Air; Solid Waste and Emergency Response; Water $672.2 $622.1 $400 $200 $0 $50.1 Costs Benefits Net Benefits Office of Management and Budget Draft Report to Congress on the Benefits and Costs of Federal Regulations and Agency Compliance with the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act. Page 10.

10 10 EPA s Mission To protect human health and the environment Photo source:

11 11 Populations Most at Risk Pregnant Women Children Workers

12 12 The Wrong Direction Samet, J. M., Burke, T. A., & Goldstein, B. D. (2017). Trump Administration and the Environment Heed the Science. The New England Journal of Medicine, 376, , doi: /NEJMms

neurodevelopmental problems in children leading to policy change in New York City Dr.

13 13 Frederica Perera, DrPH, PhD Professor and Director, Columbia Center for Children s Environmental Health Spearheaded research linking air pollution to respiratory and neurodevelopmental problems in children leading to policy change in New York City Dr. Perera will discuss how climate change and the rollback of power plant, methane, and car emissions rules affect children s health

14 Health Effects of Fossil Fuel-Related Emissions 14 Toxic Emissions Particulate matter Hydrocarbons (PAH) Mercury SO 2 NO x VOCs Methane [Imaging a methane leak from space; AVIRIS Aircraft data; NASA Earth Observatory website: Ozone CO 2 /Methane Climate Change Higher temperatures Extreme weather events/natural disasters Spread of infectious agents Rising sea level Ecosystem disruption Social and political instability

Health Effects of Fossil Fuel-Related Emissions 15 Air

Mortality Low Birth Weight Allergy Asthma

Infectious disease Physical trauma Mental ill health

15 Health Effects of Fossil Fuel-Related Emissions 15 Air Toxics CO 2 /Climate Change Preterm birth Infant Mortality Low Birth Weight Allergy Asthma Neurodevelopmental disorders Cancer Malnutrition Infectious disease Physical trauma Mental ill health Asthma exacerbation Heat related illness g...and the two interact to heighten risks

Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Air Pollution (PAH)

head circumference Developmental delay Reduced IQ

anxiety/depression and ADHD Asthma and allergic

et al., 2003, 2004, 2006-2013, 2014; Rundle et al.

16 Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Air Pollution (PAH) Observed in NYC Children Reduced birth weight and head circumference Developmental delay Reduced IQ MRI brain changes (age 7-9) Symptoms of anxiety/depression and ADHD Asthma and allergic sensitization Obesity over childhood years 16 Perera et al., 2003, 2004, , 2014; Rundle et al., 2012; Jung et al., 2012; Perzanowski et al., 2013, Peterson et al., 2015

17 Estimated Health Costs: Benefits of Air Pollution and Climate Change Policies (U.S.) Health Costs: Over $4 billion/year due to preterm births attributable to particulates $6.5 billion in health care costs from current effects of ozone air pollution $361 to $886 billion/year due to fossil fuel electricity ~$14 billion due to six climate change-related events between 2002 and 2009 Economic Benefits (Avoided Health Costs): ~ $2 trillion for the year 2020 attributed to the U.S. Clean Air amendments 17 ~US $250 billion annually by 2030 (140 billion to 1,050 billion) from clean energy policies

Imaging a methane leak from space; AVIRIS

18 Rollbacks of Rules and Policies Will Directly Harm Children s Health 18 Imaging a methane leak from space; AVIRIS Aircraft data; NASA Earth Observatory website: Less efficient cars Dirtier power plants More methane emissions More toxic air pollution Accelerated climate change

other contaminants affect children s development Dr.

19 19 Linda McCauley, RN, PhD, FAAN Dean, Emory University s Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing National leader in research on how pesticides and other contaminants affect children s development Dr. McCauley will review what recent and pending EPA actions on chlorpyrifos and other chemicals mean for children

20 20

21 21 Adrienne Hollis, PhD, Esq. Director, Federal Policy, WE ACT for Environmental Justice Toxicologist, environmental attorney, and a national leader on environmental justice Dr. Hollis will outline how current policy proposals will affect people of color and low-income communities

22 Vulnerable Community Policy Focus 22 H.J.R. 36 3/29/17 Methane Regulations Executive Order To Promote Energy Independence and Economic Growth

23 23 H.J.R Methane Rule Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the final rule of the Bureau of Land Management relating to Waste Prevention, Production Subject to Royalties, and Resource Conservation.

24 24 E.O. Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth President Donald Trump issued an executive order 3/27/17 to begin dismantling the Clean Power Plan, a 2015 rule implemented by the Obama administration in an effort to curb greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change.

Council on Environmental Health Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics and of

25 25 Jerome A. Paulson, MD Former Executive Committee Chair, American Academy of Pediatrics Council on Environmental Health Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics and of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University Dr. Paulson will discuss how changes at the EPA will affect children s health

26 Changes in Children s Blood Lead Levels Over Time

27 Small Individual Effects Can Have Large Population Effects 57% increase in Intellectually Impaired Population

28 28 Thank you! Questions? For more information, references, contact information, and recording of this session:

CLIMATE CHANGE IS HERE: WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR YOU AS A PEDIATRICIAN AND WHAT CAN YOU DO ABOUT IT AS A HUMAN BEING?

CLIMATE CHANGE IS HERE: WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR YOU AS A PEDIATRICIAN AND WHAT CAN YOU DO ABOUT IT AS A HUMAN BEING? Jerome A. Paulson, MD, FAAP Medical Director for National and Global Affairs Director