Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus

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1 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus Integrated Resource Management (Water / Energy / Food Security / Land Use) in Asian Cities: 1 st Phase nd Phase

2 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus Global challenges are important drivers for research and innovation. Our planet has finite resources which need to be cared for sustainably; climate change and infectious diseases do not stop at national borders, food security, water security and energy security needs to be ensured across the globe. The European Union is a world leader in research and innovation, responsible for: 24% of world expenditure on research, 32% of high impact publications and 32% of patent applications. 26/07/2017

3 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus New growth opportunities come from providing new products and services derived from: technological breakthroughs, new processes and business models, non-technological innovation and innovation in the services sector, combined with and driven by creativity, flair and talent, or, in other words, from innovation in its broadest sense. 26/07/2017

4 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus The German Federal Government adopted a strategy for the internationalization of science and research in The four main goals of the internationalization strategy are: the cooperation with global leaders developing international innovation potentials intensifying the cooperation with developing countries in education, research and development on a long-term basis and solving global challenges with international responsibilities 26/07/2017

5 26/07/2017 Implemented by

6 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus With a total of 301,350 foreign students currently, roughly every tenth student in Germany comes from abroad. The number of Asian students has risen dramatically, with China and India playing an even more important role. China is the country from which the most non-german students originate, at over 28,000 of the total. Engineering is especially popular among foreign students, since Germany has a large gap in its job market when it comes to trained engineers. Top countries of Citizenship of Foreign Students /07/2017

7 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus The world population will reach nine billion by We need to find ways to radically change our approach to: production, consumption, processing, storage, recycling and waste disposal while minimising the environmental impact. This will include: balancing the use of renewable and non-renewable resources from land, seas and oceans, transforming waste into valuable resources, and the sustainable production of food, feedstuffs, bio-based products and bioenergy. 26/07/2017

8 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus Circular Economy Concept as guiding principle The era of never-ending cheap resources is coming to an end: access to raw materials and clean water can no longer be taken for granted. The solution is to invest now in innovation to support a green, circular economy an economy that is in sync with the natural environment. 26/07/2017

9 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus What is a circular economy? A circular economy keep resources in use for as long as possible, extract the maximum value from them, then recover and regenerate products and materials at the end of each service life. Why a circular economy is important? As well as creating new opportunities for growth, a circular economy will: reduce waste drive greater resource productivity deliver a more competitive economy address emerging resource security/scarcity issues in the future help reduce the environmental impacts of our production and consumption 26/07/2017

10 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus The Urban NEXUS is an approach to the design of sustainable urban development solutions. The approach guides stakeholders to identify and pursue possible synergies between sectors, jurisdictions, and technical domains, so as to increase institutional performance, optimize resource management, and service quality. It counters traditional sectoral thinking, trade-offs, and divided responsibilities that often result in: poorly coordinated investments, increased costs, and underutilized infrastructures and facilities.* *GIZ and ICLEI, /07/2017

11 Sample for Innovative Wastewater Solutions Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat, Thailand, not functioning correctly Technical check of main pumping stations and wastewater treatment plant from June 13 until June 16, 2017 in Nakhon Ratchasima (Korat), P 1 wwtp 1 wwtp 2 wwtp 3 P 1, P2.1 and P.2.2: main wastewater pumping stations P 2.1 P 2.2 I 1 I 2 I 3 I1, I2 and I3: inlet shafts

12 Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat Concept: Set-into-operation of the existing plant Identification of repair measures of the existing plant Focus on two out of the three pond lines

13 Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat Concept: Special recommendations for the repair of the traveling bridges

14 Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat Concept: Oxygen measurement The oxygen-measure should regulate the aerators, so that the oxygen concentration at the end of the aerated part of the aeration basins is not less than 1.0 mg/l and not higher than 1.5 mg/l. Estimated energy-consumption for the aerated basins: 1,600,000 kwh/a Regulation of the aerators using the oxygen-measurement can save up to: 800,000 kwh/a 4,000,000 THB/a ( 102,700) can be saved (energy costs of 5 THB/kWh) Cost for oxygen-measure equipment for 3 plants about 1,500,000 THB ( 38,500) Installation would pay off in less than half a year.

15 Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat Concept: Modification of the wastewater in-flow system: To raise the amount of degradable organic matter in the activated sludge basins, the wastewater should be directly pumped into the plant without treatment in the pond system Wastewater treatment area: m 2 Sludge treatment area (humus production): m 2 Free area: m 2 P 1 wwtp 1 wwtp 2 wwtp m m m m m m m m 2 P 2.1 P 2.2 I m 2 I 2 I 3 Pumping energy pumping station 2.1 is no longer needed, the pumping energy is calculated with 700,000 kwh/a Energy costs of 3,500,000 THB/a ( 89,860) could be saved (energy costs of 5 THB/kWh). Total energy saving potential WWT plant + pumping station: THB/a ( /a)

16 Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat Concept: One main problem is currently that the wastewater pumped into the main wastewater treatment plant is organically much lower loaded as designed. P 1 Vacuum sewer Collection area Measures to increase the inflow load: Black water from households of the urban district nearby is collected with a compact vacuum sewer system and pumped to the plant. Houses are directly connected to collection chambers. Septic tanks have to be by-passed.

17 Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat Concept: Installation of an solar and wind park for the generation of electricity. Total area: m 2 0,27 km 2 First estimations allows a size of about a 500 kw solar module park and two to three wind mills with a capacity of 2 MW each

18 Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat Concept: Installation of an solar park for the generation of electricity Solar projects size: 32 megawatts Production : MWh/a = kwh/a Number of solar modules: Square meter of installation: m 2 Approximate cost of installation: THB ( 17,308,700) Feed in tariff: 5,66 THB (0.146 ) Approximate revenue: THB ( ) Amortization period: 2,75 years Calculation based on Source: CBD Energy Limited, a diversified clean energy company and leading global provider of solar systems

19 Wastewater Treatment Plant Korat Tasks for the Municipality: All facets need to be considered during the early phase of planning to improve the existing situation. These include planning, financing and execution as well as the additional facets such as business strategy, identifying business objectives, doing market analysis and a feasibility analysis. When it comes to solutions, there are no quick fixes, one size does not fit all.

20 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus Barriers/Hurdles: Structure of municipalities is sectoral and does not promote cross-sectoral cooperation Strong sector ministries at national level do not promote cross sectorial approaches; Water, energy, agriculture and waste are dealt with in different ministries Coordination ministries (NEDA, BAPPENAS etc.) are often week and/or do not comply with their task of cross sectoral planning and coordination Cities only dispose of limited competencies (mandates) and resources (financial, personnel) Implementation of bigger infrastructure projects is only possible with support of national level 26/07/2017

21 Science, Technology, & Innovation for Advancing the Urban Nexus Barriers/Hurdles: There exists a big skepticism towards green technologies (e.g. innovative waste water collection and treatment) on national level (new standards required, pilot projects required); they prefer to continue with business as usual There are no financial incentives for green technologies, existing tariffs are the biggest problem (subsidized, not cost covering) Tendering procedures do not promote the introduction of innovative technological approaches (green technologies) Donors are skeptical/ not at ease to promote cross sectoral, innovative technologies not having been used yet in the country 26/07/2017

22 It is not enough to know, one must also apply; it is not enough to want, one must also act. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 26/07/2017