Transport Division Bangkok, December Review of Standards for Logistics Information Service Systems

Transcription

1 Transport Division Bangkok, December 2015 Review of Standards for Logistics Information Service Systems

2 Content International Standards National Standards Key issues in Data Harmonization Challenges

3 International Standards

4 UN/CEFACT efforts UN/CEFACT The subsidiary, intergovernmental body of the UNECE Committee on Trade. Its principal focus is on facilitating national and international transactions, through the simplification and harmonization of processes, procedures and information flows. Its outputs includes recommendations, standards and technical specifications.

5 UN/CEFACT Recommendations Total of 40 recommendations, of which 21 closely related to information sharing and data exchange. Facilitation of Trade Procedures Harmonization of Documents UN/EDIFACT Codes

6 Recommendations on Facilitation of trade procedures Rec.4 National Trade Facilitation Organs; Arrangements at the national level to coordinate work on facilitation of trade procedures Rec.12 Measures to Facilitate Maritime Transport Documents Procedures Rec.13 Facilitation of Identified Legal Problems in Import Clearance Procedures Rec.15 Simpler Shipping Marks Rec.18 Facilitation Measures related to International Trade Procedures

7 Recommendations on Facilitation of trade procedures (continue) Rec.27 Pre-shipment Inspection Rec.33 Recommendation and Guidelines on establishing a Single Window Rec.34 Data Simplification and Standardization for International Trade Rec.35 Establishing a Legal Framework for an International Trade Single Window Rec.40 Consultation approaches Best Practices in Trade and Government Consultation on Trade Facilitation matters

8 Recommendations on Harmonization of documents Rec.1-2 United Nations Layout Key for Trade Documents Rec.6 Aligned Invoice Layout Key for International Trade Rec.11 Documentary Aspects of the International Transport of Dangerous Goods Rec.22 Layout Key for Standard Consignment Instructions

9 United Nations Layout Key for Trade Documents Trade Documents Quotation, Order, Invoice etc. Materials Management Documents Despatch Advice, Pick List, Packing List etc. Transport Documents Bill of Lading, Shipping Instructions etc. Customs Documents Export, Import, Transit Declarations, Cargo Reports etc. Other Regulatory Documents Certificate of Origin, DGN etc.

10 Application example UNLK + UNECE Rec. Codes

11 Recommendations on UN/EDIFACT Rec.14 Authentication of Trade Documents by means other than signature Rec.25 Use of the United Nations Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport (UN/EDIFACT) Rec.26 Commercial Use of Interchange Agreements for Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Rec.31 Electronic Commerce Agreement Rec.32 E-Commerce Self-Regulatory Instruments (Codes of Conduct)

12 Recommendations on Codes Rec.3 ISO Country Code: Code for Representation of Names of Countries Rec.5 Abbreviations of INCOTERMS: Alphabetic Code for INCOTERMS 2000 Rec.7 Numerical Representation of Dates, Time and Periods of Time Rec.8 Unique Identification Code Methodology- UNIC Rec.9 Alphabetic Code for the Representation of Currencies Rec.10 Codes for the Identification of Ships Rec.16 UN/LOCODE: Code for Trade and Transport Locations

13 Recommendations on Codes(continue) Rec.17 PAYTERMS: Abbreviations for Terms of Payment Rec.19 Codes for Modes of Transport Rec.20 Codes for Units of Measure Used in International Trade Rec.21 Codes for Types of Cargo, Packages and Packaging Materials Rec.23 Freight Cost Code-FCC; Harmonization of the Description of Freight Costs and other Charges Rec.24 Trade and Transport Status Codes Rec.28 Codes for Types of Means of Transport Rec.29 Codes for Types of Cargo (Merged with Recommendation 21)

14 Standards Codes Rec.3 Country code (ISO 3166) Countries Name Twoletter alphabeti c Rec.9 Currency code (ISO 4217) Threeletter alphabeti c Threedigit numeric China CN CHN 156 France FR FRA 250 Name of country Alpha - 2 Country code (ISO 3166) Alpha - 3 Currency code(s) China CN CNY United States US USD

15 Standards Codes(continue) Rec.7 Dates, times, periods of time (ISO 8601) Calendar date: , , , Ordinal date: Time of the day: T1000, T1000, Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC):232030Z, (or +01), (or -05) Week: 1994 W 15, Other periods of time: 1994/1996, /04, / ,etc.

16 Standards Codes(continue) Rec.16 Location code (UN/LOCODE), UN/EDIFACT Standard LOCODE Name NameWoDiacritics SubDiv Function Stat us Date IAT A Coordinates Rem arks CN PEK Beijing Shoudu Internationa l Apt Beijing Shoudu International Apt AS 1407 CN BJX Beijingxizha n Beijingxizhan AS 1407 CN SHG Shanghai Pt Shanghai Pt AS 1407 CN SFH Suifenhegon gluzhan/suif enhe Suifenhegongluzhan /Suifenhe AS N 13111E US NYC New York New York NY AI N 07400W DE BER Berlin Berlin BE AF N 01323E

17 Other codes Rec.23 Freight cost code-fcc Group Subgroup Detail Description Mode/Site Indicator FREIGHT CHARGES All freight charges BASIC FREIGHT Airfreight (FF) D FREIGHT CHARGE ALLOWANCE Allowance - wool GOODS HANDLING CHARGES All goods handling charges HANDLING EQUIPMENT HIRE CHARGES Duplicate Indicator

18 Other Codes(continue) Rec.19 codes for modes of transport CI Code Name #I 0 Transport mode not specified I 1 Maritime transport I 2 Rail transport I 3 Road transport I 4 Air transport I 5 Mail I 6 Multimodal transport I 7 Fixed transport installation I 8 Inland water transport #I 9 Transport mode not applicable

19 Transport Mode Other Codes(continue) Rec.28 Codes for Types of Means of Transport Code-A Code-B Name 1 50 General cargo vessel Description Vessel designed to carry general cargo Train, railroad One or more rail wagons pulled or pushed by one or more locomotive units, or selfpropelled, that move over rail tracks Van, light Automotive vehicle designed for light carriage Aircraft, type unknown Mail, type unknown 6 0 Multimodal, type unknown Aircraft of unknown type Mail of unknown type Multimodal transport of unknown type.

20 Other Codes(continue) Rec.21 packaging codes Code Name Description Numerical code 1A Drum, steel 34 1B Drum, aluminum 34 1F Container, flexible 93 2C Barrel, wooden 44 or Bag, super bulk 64 4A Box, steel 21 to 25 6P Composite packaging, glass receptacle 8A Pallet, wooden 24 or or 24 or 25 or33 or 34 or 62 or 63

21 Other Codes(continue) Rec.20 codes for units of measurement Group Sector Group ID Quantity Level/ Common Name Symbol Number Category Code 01 Space and Time 18 length, breadth, height, thickness, radius etc. 1M DMT decimetre dm S CMT centimetre cm S 4H micrometre µm (micron) S MMT millimetre mm M HMT hectometre hm S KTM kilometre km S KMT kilometre km S C45 nanometre nm

22 Other Codes(continue) Rec.24 Trade and Transport Status Codes Code Code Name Description 1 Arrival, completed The goods/consignment/equipment/mean s of transport has arrived. 2 Loading, authorized Authorization to load has been given. 35 Forwarded to destination The goods/consignment/equipment has been forwarded to a destination. 353 Delivery not completed, business closed on Saturday The goods/consignment/equipment could not be delivered as the business was closed on Saturday.

23 Other Codes(continue) Rec.10 Codes for the Identification of Ships IMO Ship Identification Number Scheme Structure: two parts Prefix IMO a variable seven-digit numeric number (the Lloyd's Register number) e.g. IMO

24 Other Codes(continue) Group Rec.17 PAYTERMS abbreviations Abbreviations (Excerpt) 1- Documentary Credits CREDOC Unconfirmed, period of time for payment unspecified (1.1 Irrevocable) RECREDOC Period of time for payment Unspecified (1.2 Revocable) 2- Collections 2.1 COLLECT Clean collection, DOCOLLECT/nM Period of time for payment stated 3- Payment by instalments PARTS 4- Other types of payment AAAA/MM/JJ Payment on a fixed date CASH Payment on delivery FAC/nM; INV/nM Payment at the end of a period following receipt of the invoice 5- Special arrangements 5.1 AGREE Payment by agreement 5.2 HABIT Payment on customary terms 6 Without payment NOPAY

25 Other Codes(continue) Rec.5 INCOTERMS abbreviations Incoterms 2010 INCOTERMS FOR ANY MODE OR MODES OF TRANSPORT (Excerpt) EX WORKS EXW (insert named place of delivery) FREE CARRIER FCA (insert named place of delivery) DELIVERED AT TERMINAL DAT (insert named terminal at port or place of destination) DELIVERED AT PLACE DAP (insert named place of destination) INCOTERMS FOR SEA AND INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT (Excerpt) FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP FAS (insert named port of shipment) FREE ON BOARD FOB (insert named port of shipment) COST AND FREIGHT CFR (insert named port of destination) COST, INSURANCE AND FREIGHT CIF (insert named port of destination)

26 Other Codes(continue) Rec.8 unique identification code (UNIC) Code structure:a combination of three UNTDED data elements(1154, 3039, 3055) XXX/XXXXXXXXXXXXX/XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Reference number (1154, restricted to an..17) Party identification, coded (3039, restricted to an..13) Code list responsible agency, coded (3055, an..3)

27 Other Codes(continue) Commodity code (Harmonized System) International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System Application Customs tariffs Collection of international trade statistics Rules of origin Collection of internal taxes Transport tariffs and statistics

28 UN/CEFACT Standards UN/EDIFACT UN/EDIFACT-ISO9735 (ISO/TC 154) UNTDED-ISO7372 UN/LOCODE Core Components Library (UN/CCL) Business Requirement Specifications(BRS) Requirements Specification Mappings (RSM) XML Schemas

29 UN/TDED (ISO ISO/TC 154) Tag UID The United Nations Trade Data Element Directory Volume I Data Elements Directory (ISO 7372) Volume II User Code List (UNCL) Volume III Compendium of Trade Facilitate New Name Recommendation Description repr. Old Notes Locations, Bridges name 3050 Consignment. Route.Text Description of a route to be used for the transport of goods. an..512 Route s CIM: an..38x3; L 24-26, P (CIM 49) AWB: L 22, P CIMP: (313):a Consignment. Route.Code Code specifying a route to be used for the transport of goods. an..35 Route, coded CIM: n..3; L 44, P and L 50, P and L 56,P and on reverse of CIM form (CIM 54)

30 UNTDID United Nations Trade Data Interchange Directory Message type directory(edmd) Segment directory (EDSD) Composite data element directory (EDCD) Data element directory (EDED) Code list (CL)

31 UNTDID (continue) UN/EDIFACT standard message ( UNSM, 196) Usually business Documents e.g. Bayplan/stowage plan occupied and empty locations message Message Type : BAPLIE Version : D Release : 15A Contr. Agency : UN Revision : 7 Date :

32 UNTDID (continue) BAPLIE (D15A), Message structure

33 UN/EDIFACT syntax rules-iso 9735 ISO 9735 Electronic for administration, commerce and transport (EDIFACT) -- Application level syntax rules (Syntax version number: 4, Syntax release number: 1) Part 1-10 Part 1: Syntax rules common to all parts Part 2: Syntax rules specific to batch EDI Part 3: Syntax rules specific to interactive EDI Part 4: Syntax and service report message for batch EDI (message type -- CONTRL) Part 5: Security rules for batch EDI (authenticity, integrity and non-repudiation of origin)

34 UN/EDIFACT syntax rules-iso 9735 (continue) ISO 9735 Electronic for administration, commerce and transport (EDIFACT) -- Application level syntax rules (Syntax version number: 4, Syntax release number: 1) Part 1-10 Part 6: Secure authentication and acknowledgement message (message type - AUTACK) Part 7: Security rules for batch EDI (confidentiality) Part 8: Associated data in EDI Part 9: Security key and certificate management message (message type- KEYMAN) Part 10: Syntax service directories

35 UN/CCL Correlative technical specifications Core Component Technical Specification (ISO/TS ) defines a meta-model and rules, the semantics of document artifacts the structure of the core components (BCCs and ASCCs making up ACCs) Core Components Data Type Catalogue Catalog and procedures for maintaining UN/CEFACT Core Data Types two categories of data Types (DTs) Core Data Type (CDT) Business Data Type (BDT)

36 UN/CCL (continue) Core Components Library CC ACC, BCC, ASCC Party as a CC has many attributes and can be reused to define many parties within a trade transaction BIE ABIE, BBIE, ASBIE CI_ Trade_ Party is an ABIE (Aggregate Business Information Entity) Correlative technical specifications Core Components Data Type Catalogue Core Component Technical Specification (ISO/TS )

37 UN/CCL (continue) )- BCC,ABCC,ASCC

38 UN/CCL (continue)- BBIE,ABIE,ASBIE

39 BRS, RSM Business Requirement Specifications(BRS) and Requirements Specification Mappings (RSM) Documentation templates based on UMM formalized deliverables : building blocks of business processes and information harmonization and standardization of data and process descriptions: across business application and technical solutions, can be used in paper documents, EDI message structures and e-business system BRS template documents user requirements in business terms as reusable UML artifacts or worksheets RSM template documents information requirements of business process in technical terms aligned to syntax specific solutions, using BRS output as the input.

40 XML Schemas Directories The following three parts are defined as XSD (XML Schemas Definition), structure and contents, validation Code list, e.g. EDIFICASEU_PartyType_D10A.xsd IANA_CharacterSetCode_ xsd ISO_ISO3AlphaCurrencyCode_ xsd Data, e.g. AccountingEntryMessage_1p0.xsd CrossIndustrySupplyNotification_1p0.xsd MaterialSafetyDataSheet_5p0.xsd Identifier list, e.g. ISO_ISOTwoletterCountryCode_SecondEdition2006VI- 8.xsd UNECE_FreightCostCode_4.xsd UNECE_PaymentTermsDescriptionIdentifier_D10A.xsd

41 UN/CEFACT Technical Specifications Core Components Data Type Catalogue Core Component Technical Specification Core Components Business Document Assembly UML Profile for Core Components UN/CEFACT Modelling Methodology (UMM) XML Naming and Design Rules

42 Core Components Business Document Assembly Builds on the UN/CEFACT Modeling Methodology (UMM) Business Document Assembly Rules for how a Message Assembly is named, defined and structured Business Context Association of BIE and Message Assemblies

43 UML Profile for Core Components Define precise mappings from CCTS / UMM concepts to corresponding UML elements consists of stereotypes, tagged values and OCL constraints Implementation an XMI Template file ensures consistent model exchange interchange of structurally and semantically valid information models

44 UN/CEFACT Modelling Methodology (UMM) design the business services that each business partner must provide in order to collaborate, based on Open-EDI reference model business semantics of a B2B partnership BOV: BDV, BRV, BTV, BSV define external and internal Business Collaboration Frameworks using a UML tool UMM WORKSHEET to capture relevant information UMM Data Types and Notation a set of predefined structure documents capturing the business domain knowledge.

45 XML Naming and Design Rules an architecture and set of rules to define, describe and use XML to express business information exchanges based on CCTS using for developing XML schema and schema documents using XML Schema to define the structure of business content Sections XML Schema Architecture General XML Schema Language Conventions XML Schema Files XML Instance Documents

46 ebxml(iso/tc154, ISO 15000) ebxml Message Service (OASIS s responsibility, ISO ) ebxml Collaboration Protocol Profile and Agreement (OASIS s responsibility, ISO ) ebxml Business Process Specification Schema (OASIS s responsibility, ISO ) ebxml Registry (OASIS s responsibility, ISO ) ebxml Core Components (UN/CEFACT s responsibility,ccts,, ISO )

47 UBL (OASIS, ISO/IEC FDIS 19845) A suite of structured business objects reusable data components and common business documents in generic procurement and transportation contexts. in conformity with CCTS (Version 2.01) developed by an OASIS TC and a variety of industry data standards organizations support for XAdES and other advanced digital signature schemes based on XML DSig, internationally accepted EDI code lists Consists of a library of XML schemas for data components such as Address, Item, and Payment A set of XML schemas for common business documents such as Order, Dispatch Advice, and Invoice

48 International Maritime Organization (IMO) IMO Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL) providing a firm legal framework for trade facilitation measures, other conventions "Standards" and "Recommended Practices" on formalities, documentary requirements and procedures Standards FAL Form1 General Declaration FAL Form2 Cargo Declaration FAL Form3 Ship s Store Declaration FAL Form4 Crew s Effects Declaration FAL Form5 Crew List FAL Form6 Passenger List FAL Form7 DG Manifest

49 IMO FAL Form1

50 International Maritime Organization (IMO) (continue) Revised IMO Compendium on Facilitation and Electronic Business Recommendation on FAL Forms in electronic format (annotated with cross-references to UN/EDIFACT data codes) FAL Form 1- Message Implementation Guideline for CUSREP FAL Form 2 - Message Implementation Guideline for CUSCAR CUSCAR (On arrival or departure) Mapping Table FAL Form 3 INVRPT or CUSCAR FAL Form 4 Message Implementation Guideline for PAXLST PAXLST Mapping Table FAL Form 5 Message Implementation Guideline for PAXLST PAXLST Mapping Table FAL Form 6 Message Implementation Guideline for Passenger List (PAXLST) FAL Form 7 Message Implementation Guideline for IFTDGN IFTDGN Mapping Table

51 International Air Transportation Association (IATA) Cargo Interchange Message Procedures (Cargo- IMP) 77 messages, created as a handful of EDI messages, widely used in the air cargo industry, Message Specifications : embedded data elements, abbreviation codes, and enhanced search function printing capabilities Maintenance of the Cargo-IMP was stopped Cargo-XML Standards the table of Cargo-XML messages (next slide) Conversion Guidelines between Cargo-XML and CARGO-IMP (By IATA) based on the character set, data length, field occurrence, structure, semantics, and data types for both standards

52 International Air Transportation Association (IATA)(continue) Cargo-XML Standards IATA Cargo-XML Manual and Toolkit (Specification and schemas)

53 International Air Transportation Association (IATA)(continue) Feature comparison between Cargo-IMP and Cargo-XML

54 World Customs Organization (WCO) The International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures (Kyoto) Main body of revised Convention General and Specific Annexes Standards Transitional Standards Recommended Practices

55 WCO Data Model Components

56 UN/ESCAP document Data Harmonization and Modelling Guide for Single Window Environment (ESCAP) step-by-step approach for data harmonization of electronic documents Capture data requirements of business documents identified through business processes analysis Define data in each document and the semantic of the data and the data formats Analyze data elements across various documents and organize them in a comparable manner Map data elements to reference data model Obtain the structure of an electronic document

57 UN/ESCAP document(continue) Business Process Analysis Guide to Simplify Trade Procedures(ESCAP) step-by-step approach of the implementation of Single Window, UML activity diagram 6 steps Define the project scope Develop a work plan and secure resources Acquire background information Conduct interviews and document captured data Analyze the as-is processes; Develop and propose recommendations

58 GS1/EPC Global EPC Information Services Standard (EPCIS, ISO/IEC 19987) data presentation and business rules in capturing and exchanging goods data, event-based supply chain visibility, Complementary to EDI (not replacement) data sharing Interfaces for capture and query of events Events: What, Where, When, and Why, record originated from RFID sensor reads and enterprise systems Core Business Vocabulary (CBV, ISO/IEC 19987) vocabulary elements and their values

59 GS1/EPC Global(continue) Three layers Abstract Data Model: CBV (not extensible) identifiers: Event Type names, Event Field names, Vocabulary names, Vocabulary Elements, and Master Data Attribute Name Data Definition: Core event types, Core Query XSD (event types) Service EPCIS standard XML events data definitions could be reused in an EDI framework a core set of data types and operations to be extended for industry-specific use six event types: EPCISEvent, ObjectEvent, AggregationEvent, QuantityEvent, TransactionEvent, TransformationEvent

60 GS1/EPC Global(continue) Core Business Vocabulary (CBV, ISO/IEC 19987Three layers) vocabulary elements and their values Standard Vocabulary elements Business Step, Disposition, Business Transaction Type, Source/Destination Type The templates for User Vocabulary elements Object (EPC), Object Class (EPCClass), Location (Read Point and Business Location), Business Transaction ID, Source/Destination ID, and Transformation ID

61 GS1/EPC Global(continue) CBV - Business Steps

62 Neal-Net Vessel Schedule Status and Container Status adopts EPCIS framework which is suitable for status sharing provides standardized query interface intentions to extend NEAL-NET to include other logistics and cargo status such as customs clearance status

63 Codes in national standards

64 Codes in national standards Most national standards adopt international widely accepted codes in their own standards Codes in UN/CEFACT Recommendations Country code (ISO 3166) Currency code (ISO 4217) Dates, times, periods of time (ISO 8601) Location code (UN/LOCODE) Units of measurement code Mode of transport code Freight code Packaging code Commodity code (WCO Harmonized System) IMO Vessel ID number

65 Codes in national standards(continue) UNTDED Code lists are adopted in some national standards LOGINK, PORT-MIS, SP- IDC, GCTS, PortNet, and TradeNet Commodity code(wco Harmonized System) E-Port, PORT-MIS, SP- IDC, utrade, PortNet, and TradeNet; IMO Vessel ID number LOGINK, E-Port, PORT-MIS, SP- IDC, GCTS, and PortNet; In order to fit in national environment for special need in China, some customized codes added in LOGINK transport status, service requirements, freight charge and fee

66 Key issues on data harmonization

67 Data harmonization and Standardization Standardization uniform business processes, well-defined practice (benefits on cost and performance) individual business units Harmonization alignment of national formalities, procedures, documents, information, and operations to acceptable international commercial norms, practices and recommendations. prevention or elimination of differences in the technical content of standards having the same scope sets bounds to the degree of variation levels of standardization and harmonization Strategic positioning, and Strategy Business processes Data Issues of standardization and mutual recognition

68 Business process harmonization Define templates: Rather than defining every single piece of a process, a template just defines the essential part of a standard and leaves a well defined degree of freedom for local adaptation. Where to start: Any process can be a starting point. Compliance with internationally accepted standards for electronic data exchange (for both business process and data) UN/CEFACT Draft Recommendation 34 (UN/CEFACT, 2009b). international conventions and standards should be applied (ADB and ESCAP, 2009)

69 Data harmonization Data model to support widespread interoperability to define core set of data, aligning the definition, representation, as well as the cardinality of data elements and define the structure of electronic messages. a single set of generic semantic rules a syntax independent representation and structure of data used in the electronic exchange, reusable data building block e.g. Buy-Ship-Pay Model data harmonization process APEC ECSG (2009), consistent with UN/CEFACT Rec. 34 data harmonization steps

70 Data harmonization (continue) Outputs a set of data dictionaries and message implementation guidelines a essential input for the technical Architecture of the system maintenance requirements Inappropriate mappings of data elements New data requirements of business Newer version of the reference data model

71 Interoperability Technical interoperability (Syntax, interface) communication and technology for data sharing Communication interoperability: a set of communication protocols Data sharing technology: EDIFACT,XML Semantic interoperability data harmonization data models comply with relevant international recommendations and standards to ensure semantic interoperability. CCTS,UN/CLL, UN/TDED, UNLK WCO Data Model (G2G, G2B,B2G), supports all above in UN/EDIFACT and XML syntax

72 Other challenges

73 Other challenges Three layers challenges Data Architecture Application Architecture Legislative Architecture

74 Data alignment challenges harmonization of procedures and data of various national ministries with different international reference models UN Core Component approach (business-oriented reference data models) WCO Data Model 3 is a convergence version with UN Core Component approach or national reference model whether and how to align with other national and regional systems implementations Organization-specific, country-specific, industryspecific data elements,codes, qualifiers, components, and messages. data mapping and integration between different information systems even more difficult

75 Application and Legislative challenges Application challenges Legacy systems would be difficult to align with other standards Legislative alignment challenges Extensive differences in administrative rules and requirements burden to both governments and the business community, serious barrier to the development of international trade. need to create an environment for interagency coordination and collaboration additional

76 Thank you Secretariat, Transport Division