Trade Facilitation, Single Window and Data Harmonization: Conceptual framework and standards

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Trade Facilitation, Single Window and Data Harmonization: Conceptual framework and standards"

Gerald Reed
6 years ago
Views:

1 Second Regional Conference on Trade Facilitation, the Single Window and Data Harmonization Tbilisi, June 2012 Trade Facilitation, Single Window and Data Harmonization: Conceptual framework and standards Mario Apostolov, Regional Adviser, UNECE

2 Single Window Key TF issue in WTO; EC building EU-wide SW Definition: a system that allows all participants in trade and transport file requested information in only one place, in a standard format, in order to carry out import, export and transit operations. Benefits: For the authorities More efficient distribution of resources Better gathering of fees and duties More compliance from business Better security (on the basis of better risk analysis) Less corruption, more transparency For private business Cut costs by cutting the time to prepare documents Faster good clearance Predictable and more efficient explanation and implementation of rules More transparency

3 Single Window a tool for good governance and trade facilitation (most general model) 3-a: 'Single Authority' Trader (incl. Transport) Authority 1 Electronic Single Authority Authority 2 Authority 3 Paper Authority 4

4 TF & SW. A foreign trade operation requires filing appr. 40 documents with often repeated data => Simplification and reduction of procedures and documents is necessary The Single Window (SW) is a system that allows all participants in foreign trade to file all required information simultaneously, in one place, in standard form and to one agency.

5 MK:Functionalities EXIM is single frame for e-submission, e issuance and e-tracing of 58 different licenses, obtained by 16 GA in real-time. EXIM provide access with different privileges depending on the responsibilities for Economic Operators, OGA and Customs. EXIM provide on-line information on tariff and restrictions for commodities/products EXIM provides secure and paperless environment for license-issuing procedures. EXIM provides interoperability and centralized management of reference data. EXIM doesn t include the Authorizations issued by Customs and Export Certificates by other OGA. GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES Customs Administration Ministry of Interior Ministry of Agriculture Phyto-sanitary Directorate Veterinary Directorate State Inspectorate for Agriculture Seed and seed materials Directorate Bureau for medicine Food Directorate State sanitary and health Inspectorate Ministry of Economy Bureau for metrology Ministry of Environment Ministry of Culture Directorate for radiation security National Bank BUSINESSES Importers, Exporters, Brokers and Freight Forwarders

6 Search the required licenses and responsible authority by CN code Public Information Portal

7 My Company Portal EO login to EXIM, after previous registration in the system Customs Administration of the Republic of Macedonia

8 Single Window: Port Community System FROM TO PORT HEALTH CUSTOMS CARRIER PORT HEALTH CUSTOMS CARRIER WHARFINGER HAULIER WHARFINGER Single Window HAULIER CUSTOMS BROKER PORT AUTHORITY CUSTOMS BROKER PORT AUTHORITY LINE AGENT CONSIGNEE LINE AGENT CONSIGNEE CONSIGNOR Mountains of paper 30% mistakes Weeks for clearance CONSIGNOR Customs, export, import, etc. processes together Many documents filed together Appr. 1 hour for clearance

9 Port Community System (Dakosy Hamburg): Import message platform

10 Logical frame Analyze your needs / efficiency of business processes if necessary simplify Establish political will / develop a SW concept Study the readiness of the legal framework (Rec.35); interoperability of technical systems, alignment with international standards, codes if necessary,change Feasibility study (incl. cost-benefit analysis) Build interagency cooperation, appoint lead agency Develop a Master Plan only then build the technical system

11 Two directions of work: ~80% of the work: negotiations ~20% technical work Political work Building political will Interagency management group Concept paper and feasibility study Appoint a lead organization (e.g. Customs) Harmonize policy Technical work Data harmonization Develop the electronic SW system Align with international standards Interagency working group Interagency technical group

12 Business Process Analysis Objective: Document, analyze and simplify business processes Structured analysis and description of the Business Process in the Supply Chain Captures time, costs, delays Starting point to improve & automate the process Standards and tools: UNECE Guide for BPA, other BPA methodologies, UML, UNCEFACT Modelling Methodology (UML)

13 Example: Importation by sea Business Processes Pilot s Station Enter seaport Marine Department Report cargo manifest Port Operator Vessel Agent Unload cargo Customs Examples: Capture data of stakeholders involved in importation by sea Other Government Agencies Haulage/Truck Clear goods through Customs Arrange for pick-up Handle cargo at terminal Complete Customs requirements Actor Importer or Representative Terminal Operator Vessel Agent Pilot s Station Marine Department Port Operator Customs Other Government Agencies Importer or Representative Terminal Operator Haulage/Truck Source: Inova, Thailand

14 Data and Document Standardization, Simplification & Harmonization Objectives: Harmonize, simplify, standardize documents and data Eliminate duplicated and unnecessary data Align to international standards: UN Layout Key Use international codes for trade data: UN code list recommendations Publish forms and regulations in the Internet Standards &Tools: UN Layout Key, ECE/CEFACT Recommendations, WCO, IATA,...

15 Generations of internatinal standards for trade information flows 1. Paper documents: 2. Electronic messages: UNLK (UNECE Rec.1) 3. Internet: UNEDIFACT XML schemas = > data harmonization, alignment with international standards

16 ECE Recommendation 1: UN Layout Key for Trade Documents ations/rec01/rec01_01cf15.pdf

17 Rec.34:Why harmonize data? Eliminate duplicated or unnecessary data or documents Organize a SW Establish electronic data interchange 4 stage process: Capturing; Defining; Analyzing; Reconciling

18 UNECE Recommendations and standards Single Window Rec.33 Data harmonization - Rec.34: UN Trade Data Elements Directory UNTDED WCO Data Model (subset of UNTDED) Core Components Legal issues on the Single Window - Rec Apr. 2011, Moscow, Conference => 3 studies: on the readiness of Vnukovo Airport, the legal system, and the interoperability of technical systems

19 IMO/FAL data Road transport data Customs data Railway data

20 Virtual Border: Pushing controls away from the border (Walter Deffaa, DG Tax & Customs, EU, SAFE Framework of Standards, WCO) Old paradigm Physical Frontier Formalities, possible controls Flow of goods Possibility of post clerance control or audit New paradigm Flow of goods Prearrival informati on: HIGH RISK LOW RISK Formalities, possible controls Possible random controls Flow of goods Flow of goods Possibility of post clerance control or audit Flow of goods Prearrival informati on: smooth flow Flow of goods Certified AEO

21 Physical layer Organisational layer Data & Document layer Data Pipeline: Future Customs and International Trade Systems (David Hesketh, Customs-UK & Frank Heijmann, Customs-NL) 3 rd Country Regulation EU Regulation Consignor or Exporter Freight Forwarder or 3PL Container/Carrier Freight Forwarder or 3PL Consignee or Importer Port 1 Port 2 CARGO Country A Country B CARGO CARGO CARGO 23

22 Rec.35: Checklist of basic legal issues 1) Law on electronic signatures Is the system working on a PKI basis? Is there a root CA + functioning network of CAs? 2) Law on electronic commerce 3) Law on e-government 4) Law on data protection 5) Do sectoral laws (e.g. sanitary laws) envisage the use of sector and/or country specific codes 6) Are there requirements for paper originals in law?

23 Master Plan (1) General guiding document for all agencies 1. Request by business 2. Draft an initial Concept Paper 3. Business Process Analisis 4. Decision on the scope of the Single Window 5. Identification of the sources of funding 6. Identification of the lead & implementing agencies 7. Establish interagency (а) management group; (b) technical expert group 8. Study the legal prerequisites (Rec. 35) 9. Feasibility study

24 Master Plan (2) 10. Work Plan (on the basis of the Feasibility Study) 11. Standardization and harmonization of data 12. Data model 13. Diagramme of data flows (B2G, G2G, G2B) 14. Technical infrastructure, model and administration of the project (enterprise architecture) 15. Control configuration plan 16. Risk management plan 17. Transition plan 18. Training plan 19. Communication strategy

25 Thanks!

Joint EEC-UNECE-ESCAP seminar on the Single Window Moscow, 7-8 Dec Towards Single Widnow Interoperability in the Broader European Space

Joint EEC-UNECE-ESCAP seminar on the Single Window Moscow, 7-8 Dec. 2017 Towards Single Widnow Interoperability in the Broader European Space Mario Apostolov, Regional Adviser UNECE Trade mario.apostolov@unece.org