Transportation of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) P Hinrichsen National Nuclear Regulator

Transcription

1 Transportation of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) P Hinrichsen National Nuclear Regulator

2 NATURALLY-OCCURRING RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS (NORM) Radioactive materials which occur naturally and where human activities increase the exposure of people to ionising radiation Uranium mining exposes those involved to NORM in the uranium orebody.

3 NNR MANDATE The NNR Mandate for regulating the transport of radioactive material comes from Section 7(h) of the National Nuclear Regulator Act (Act 47 of 1999). 7 (h) for purposes of this Act, [the Regulator may] act as the national competent authority in connection with the International Atomic Energy Agency Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material.

4 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY REGULATIONS FOR THE SAFE TRANSPORT OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL In terms of the NNRA, all transports of radioactive material, must be undertaken in terms of the requirements of the International Atomic Energy Agency Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations).

5 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA AUSTRIA

6 TRANSPORT SAFETY STANDARDS COMMITTEE (TRANSSC) 30 Member States 10 Observer Organisations

7 NINE CLASSES OF DANGEROUS GOODS RECOGNISED INTERNATIONALY Class 1 Explosives Class 2 Gases Class 3 Flammable liquids Class 4 Flammable solids Class 5 Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides Class 6 Toxic and infectious substances Class 7 Radioactive material Class 8 Corrosives Class 9 Miscellaneous dangerous goods

8 WE MUST REMEMBER THAT THERE ARE MANY MODES OF TRANSPORT FOR DANGEROUS GOODS Fraction of all goods that are Dangerous Goods Fraction of all Dangerous Goods that are Radioactive Road 15% <2% Rail 20% <2% Air 3% - 4% <10% Sea or Canal 50% <1%

9 INTERNATIONAL MODAL DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATORS All dangerous goods UN Orange Book Model Regulations Recommendations IAEA SSR-6 Requirements, but not Mandatory IMO-IMDG ICAO-TI IATA-DGR Sea Transport Regulators Air Transport Regulators Air Transport Industry Inland Transport Regulators

10 CO-OPERATIVE GOVERNENCE AGREEMENTS National Nuclear Regulator Dept of Health Directorate Radiation Control South African Maritime Safety Authority South African Civil Aviation Authority Dept of Transport Railway Safety Regulator WG

11 GROUP IV MATERIALS: EXCLUDED The NNR Act does not apply to any Group IV hazardous substances as defined in Section 1 of the Hazardous Substances Act (Act no. 15 0f 1973). (Department of Health Directorate of Radiation Control) Cs-137 Sources Industrial Radiography Sources

12 REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS Section 20 (3) No person may engage in any action described in section 2(1)(c) other than any action contemplated in subsection (1) or (2), except under the authority of a certificate of registration or a certificate of exemption (NORM Facilities) Certificate of Exemption Certificate of Registration

13 AUTHORISATION OF TRANSPORT Certificate of Registration To: Ilah Wannit Radioactive Material, Type A Package UN2915 Co MBq 0.8 Legal Document Gross Mass = 60 kg TYPE A A / Austrian Container Co. Inspected by the NNR

14 CLASSIFICATION OF NORM FOR TRANSPORT Low Specific Activity LSA I (LSA II & LSA III) UN 2912 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, LOW SPECIFIC ACTIVITY (LSA-I), Non-Fissile or Fissile Excepted

15 CLASSIFICATION OF NORM FOR TRANSPORT Surface Contaminated Object SCO I (SCO II) UN 2913 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, SURFACE CONTAMINATED OBJECTS (SCO-I OR SCO-II), Non- Fissile or Fissile Excepted

16 TRANSPORT HAZARDS ROUTINE Conditions of transport and ACCIDENT conditions of transport EXTERNAL RADIATION HAZARDS INTERNAL RADIATION HAZARDS

17 APPLIED PROTECTIVE MEASURES CONTAINMENT CONTROL OF THE EXTERNAL RADIATION LEVEL WARNING OF CONTENTS UN2912 UN2912 DOCUMENTATION

18 MAXIMUM RADIATION LEVELS FOR Conveyances 2 msv/h at any point on the external surface of conveyance 2m O.1 msv at 2m from any external surface of conveyance Any occupied position: ALARA & RPP

19 Three categories RADIATION PROTECTION CONTROLS: LABELING TRANSPORT INDEX is the number which expresses the maximum radiation dose in msv hr -1 at one metre from the centre of the package. Category I : Radiation level < msvhr -1. Category II : Radiation levels on the outside of the package > msvhr -1, but < 0.5 msvhr -1. Category III : Radiation level > 0.5 msvhr -1 on the outside

20 RADIATION PROTECTION CONTROLS: LABELING CLASS 7 Label CAT I Label CAT II Label CAT III Label

21 RADIATION PROTECTION CONTROLS: PACKAGING & LABELING Unpackaged SCO Transport Document Radioactive Material, Low Specific Activity (LSA-I) CLASS 7 UN 2912 U (dep) Solid Oxide 0.1 MBq EXCLUSIVE USE SHIPMENT Unpackaged LSA I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and accurately described above by the proper shipping name and are classified, packed, marked and labelled, and are in all respects in roper conditions for transport by (insert mode(s) of transport involved) according to the applicable international and national governmental regulations W. A. Winters 29 February

22 TYPICAL NORM TRANSPORTS Scrap metal to local scrap dealers Transports of NORM ores (mainly within a licensed facility) Ammonium Diuranate (ADU) from Anglogold Ashanti to Nuclear Fuels Corporation (NUFCOR) Uranium Oxides from NUFCOR for export

23 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Paul Hinrichsen Principal Radiation Protection Specialist Radioactive Transport Specialist National Nuclear Regulator Phone: +27 (12) Eco Glade Office Park I Eco Glades Office 2 Block GI 420 Witch Hazel Avenue I Centurion P. O. Box 7106 I Centurion I 0046