Mapping Electricity Use Information: Benefits of, Barriers to, and Solutions for Leveraging Information

Transcription

1 Mapping Electricity Use Information: Benefits of, Barriers to, and Solutions for Leveraging Information A launching point for discussion Kat Donnelly, PE MIT Researcher President, EMPower Devices Precourt Institute for Energy Efficiency Stanford Energy & Feedback Workshop: End-Use Energy Reductions through Monitoring, Feedback, and Behavior Modification September 4th and 5th, 2008

2 Information First Information touches everything. We can create intelligent IS that produces energy efficiency. Build on past examples: Google Amazon Wikipedia Mountains of data to leverage at relatively low cost. Far easier than actually installing hardware. Is available today. Opportunity: Energy Information is not optimally mined. Optimizes Systems. Others? Your ideas. Slide 2

3 Stakeholder Information Flows Utilities Financiers Product and Services Companies Residential Consumers Builders/Real Estate Agents Policy Makers Researchers Others? Slide 3

4 Energy Information Uses/Benefits Feedback to consumer ~5 to 15% usage reduction Teach household energy management New habit formation Informed decisions Utility/Policy/Non-Profit Learn Habits (Market Segmentation) Inform Demand Response/Pricing Policies Evaluate, Measure, and Validate Programs System and resource optimization Trigger national momentum for real leadership and action. Slide 4

5 Energy Information Uses/Benefits Academic Enables behavior experiments, technology pilots, & academic data analysis Technology & Services Providers Provides easy direct marketing data Enables industry research Optimize cost Sell Efficient and Automated products based on customer needs Others (Your ideas!) Slide 5

6 Two Major Residential Energy Efficiency Barriers Awareness Cost-Effectiveness 1. Increasing Knowledge (5 Ws) -Target behaviors -Set Goals -Provide Feedback -Educate about choices 2. Increasing Motivation -Develop Social Norms -Create Identities -Provide Incentives -Actual or Perceived -Financial or Non-financial -New technologies (Need economies of scale) Slide 6

7 Overcoming Residential Energy Efficiency Barriers Slide 7

8 Overcoming Residential Energy Efficiency Barriers Information Slide 8

9 Defining Information INPUT RAW DATA PROCESS DATA FRAME DATA DELIVER DATA (OUTPUT) Slide 9

10 A Systems Approach: 5 Key Residential Energy Efficiency Barriers Cohesion/ Information Slide 10

11 Leverage Information to Build Cohesion and Communication Cohesion/ Information Reinforcing Loop Opportunity not Barrier Solicit Participation to leverage Word of mouth Community-building Slide 11

12 Leverage Information to Build Skilled Labor and EM&V Information Reinforcing Loops Opportunities not Barriers Pull/Push the Industry Create market transformation Emphasize the larger goals that we can push Slide 12

13 Energy Efficiency Diffusion Cohesion/ INFORMATION Are you being intelligent about the information that crosses your sphere? CHANGE HABITS/ CREATE MARKETS Slide 13

14 Energy Efficiency Diffusion Cohesion/ INFORMATION Best ways to foster innovation diffusion word of mouth, market pull, and market saturation. Groesser et al, Diffusion Dynamics of Energy-Efficiency Innovations in the Residential Building Environment. CHANGE HABITS/ CREATE MARKETS Slide 14

15 Energy Efficiency Diffusion Cohesion/ INFORMATION word of mouth Market saturation Best ways to foster innovation diffusion word of mouth, market pull, and market saturation. Groesser et al, Diffusion Dynamics of Energy-Efficiency Innovations in the Residential Building Environment. Market pull CHANGE HABITS/ CREATE MARKETS Slide 15

16 An Additional Diffusion Model Characteristics of People Characteristics of Networks Percent of Total Population Hub and Spoke Adopter Groups Through Time Characteristics of Innovations Simplicity - Is it easy to understand and use? Observability - Are the results of using it visible? Trialability - Can it be experimented with? Compatibility - Is it consistent with existing values/needs? Relative Advantage - Is it better than the prior thing? Aesthetics & Identity Signaling Everett Rogers. (2003). Diffusion of Innovation. Malcolm Gladwell. Bass Diffusion Model. Huggy Rao. Marc Granovetter. Bernardo Huberman. Slide 16 September 4, 2008, Carrie Armel

17 Developing the Information Systems INPUT RAW DATA Simple measurement devices & existing data Voltage, Current, kw Appliance Survey Data Geographic Data Historic Data Home Audit Data Environmental Docs (New Build) Inspection Permits Limited User Input Tech & Svc Providers Others? (to be identified here?) PROCESS DATA Data Loggers, CPU, & Transmitter Disambiguation Algorithm Regression Analysis Econometric Analysis Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence FRAME DATA Ask Intelligent Questions, Experiment, Market Segmentation Use, Cost, CO2 Appliance, Process, Tech. Inefficiencies Appl., Process, Tech. Options & Ratings Incentives Financing Rate Structures Demand Response Goals/ Commitments DELIVER DATA User Interface Provide Information, Change Habits Amazon/ Eco-wiki / Google/ Yellow Pages Interface Model Morphing Software Slide 17

18 Creating the Whole House Indicator (Modeled after Energy Star Commercial Building Benchmarking) Document energy audits in detail Track energy and water usage, costs, and carbon, adjust for: Climate Household operational changes Disambiguate Usage to provide detailed feedback Combine residential appliance data/regression analysis Power factor signature analysis Comparisons (develop norms and identities) Individual home history Peer group comparison (by neighborhood, region, state, etc.) Tie into retrofitting information, incentives, marketing, and link customers to the providers Leverage information for EM&V Slide 18

19 Wrap-Up Provided one potential framework What are your ideas? Why is information useful? How can you capitalize on the mountains of available information? Working lunch follows. We d love to hear your ideas! Slide 19

20 Acknowledgments and References Discussions with Carrie Armel (Stanford), Banny Banerjee (Stanford), Rohit Sakhuja (MIT), and Stacy Angel (EPA) Stakeholder interviews for the MIT Accelerating Energy Innovation Study. Groesser, Stephan, Ulli-Beer, Silvia, and Mojitahedzadeh, Mohammad, Diffusion Dynamics of Energy-Efficient Innovations in the Residential Building Environment, 24th International System Dynamics Conference, Nijmegen. Gladwell, Malcolm, The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference. Please contact me to discuss further: Kdonnelly@empowerdevices.com Slide 20

21 Create a stakeholder map. High Manage Involve - How influential - How affected Data Importance Low Monitor Acknowledge Low High Data Usage