Operations Management - II Post Graduate Program Session 18. Vinay Kumar Kalakbandi Assistant Professor Operations & Systems Area

Transcription

1 Operations Management - II Post Graduate Program Session 18 Vinay Kumar Kalakbandi Assistant Professor Operations & Systems Area 3/17/2016 Vinay Kalakbandi 1 QFD Team activity Agenda 3/17/2016 Vinay Kalakbandi 2 1

2 Product Development Process Four Stages Concept Generation: understanding what the customer needs are and translating them into alternative ideas for products that services that can be developed Design: detailed specifications are first drawn about the product/service Development: physical development of the product; during this stage, the details arrived at the drawing board are physically transferred to reality Production: physical development of the product. During this stage, the details arrived at the drawing board are physically transferred to reality A Typical Development Process Concept Generation Design Idea Generation Feasibility Study Yes Feasible? No Preliminary Design Process Planning Cost Planning Commercial Production Final Design Manufacturing Specifications Yes Prototype OK? No Prototype Development & Testing Yes No Design OK? Production Development 2

3 Organization for Product Development Process: Traditional Approach Customers Suppliers Marketing Design Planning Procurement Production Finance Organization for Product Development Process: Concurrent Engineering Planning Concurrent Engineering Team Structure Suppliers 3

4 Tools for efficient product development Understanding customers needs Market Research Quantitative Analysis Statistical analysis Hypothesis Testing Focus Groups In-depth qualitative interviews Qualitative Analysis Reproduce customers own words Translate Hierarchy of Customer Needs Create Bundles of Customer Attributes Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Structured approach for design Developed at Mitsubishi s Kobe shipyards House of quality built on relationships Customer requirements Design requirements Competitive assessment Technical assessment 4 layers: product, part, process, production (quality plans) 3/17/2016 Vinay Kalakbandi 8 4

5 Temperature of cooked item Maintain current Level Time taken to cook the food Reduce it by 10% of the current level Order processing time Reduce time to 2 minutes Thickness of packing material Maintain current level Number of service counters in peak time Increase the counters by one Number of tables available Maintain current level Tools for efficient product development Quality Function Deployment House of Quality 2. Importance 5. Tradeoffs 3. Product characteristics 1. Customer requirements 4. Relationship matrix 6. Benchmarks 7. Technical assessment & target values House of Quality An illustration for a Restaurant Customer Requirements Correlation: ++: Strong Positive +: Positive + -: Negative -- --: Strong Negative Competitive Evaluation - Own Company A - Competitor A B - Competitor B (5 is best) Steaming hot A B Enough space to sit & eat A B Less time during peak hours B A Easy to carry home 2 ++ A B Quick order processing A B Importance Weighting Importance Scale: Strong: 9 Medium: 3 Small: 1 Target Values Technical Characteristics Technical Evaluation (5 is best) 5 4 A,B A,B 3 A B,B,A,B 2 B A A 1 5

6 Reduce energy level to 7.5 ft/lb Energy needed to close door Door seal resistance Maintain current level Check force on level ground Energy needed to open door Reduce force to 9 lb. Reduce energy to 7.5 ft/lb. Accoust. Trans. Window Maintain current level Maintain current level Water resistance QFD Example Customer Requirements Easy to close Stays open on a hill Easy to open Doesn t leak in rain Engineering Characteristics No road noise Importance weighting Target values Correlation: Strong positive * Positive Negative Strong negative Competitive evaluation = Us A = Comp. A B = Comp. B (5 is best) AB AB AB A B A Relationships: Strong = 9 Medium = 3 Small = 1 B Technical evaluation (5 is best) B A BA B A B A BA BA 3/17/2016 Vinay Kalakbandi 11 QFD Steps Identify/ prioritize customer requirements 2. Determine technical requirements 3. Relate customer requirements to technical requirements 4. Compare ability to meet requirements against competitive products 3/17/2016 Vinay Kalakbandi 12 6

7 QFD Steps Set targets for technical requirements and determine capability 6. Look for high opportunity requirements to satisfy customer 7. Continue QFD process to the next level. 3/17/2016 Vinay Kalakbandi 13 QFD Levels 3/17/2016 Vinay Kalakbandi 14 7

8 THANK YOU 3/17/2016 Vinay Kalakbandi 15 8