Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency Action (CHENACT)

Transcription

1 Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency Action (CHENACT) Energy Efficiency Opportunities for Caribbean Hotels 31 st March 2010 Presented by: Andre Escalante

2 Agenda Air Conditioning Energy Efficient Lighting Building Envelope Analysis Heat Recovery Systems Effective Maintenance 2

3 Air Conditioning Systems System type Energy (kw/ton) Mini Splits High Efficient Splits CHW air cooled Scroll/Screw CHW air cooled Screw with VFD CHW water cooled - Screw 0.95 CHW water cooled - Centrifugal 0.85 CHW water cooled - absorption Gas /waste heat/diesel Daikin VRV Systems 0.80 to

4 System Selection Criteria Initial cost Operating cost (maintenance, water, energy) System life Environment (CFC, noise) Use of facility Support services Government regulations 4

5 Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV) 20% to 25% energy savings over minisplits Digital Variable Scroll compressor or VFD Compressor New technology Ideal for small to medium sized Caribbean Hotels 5

6 DX System Analysis Typical Hotel room A/C size 1 ton (1.15kW) Cost of 1 ton system US$ 600. Operating hours/yr 4,320 (8640/2) Energy cost US$/kWh $0.25 Ann. energy cost $1,

7 VRV Replacement vs. Mini Splits VRV System 0.90 kw/ton Hours per year 4,320 Ann. Energy Cost =.9 * 4320*.25 = $972 Ann. Savings - $1,272 - $972 = $ 270. Cost of 1 ton VRV = $ 1,200 Additional Cost = $1,200 - $ 600 = $ 600 VRV Payback - $ 600 / 270 = 2.22 years. 7

8 Natural Gas/Diesel Absorption Systems Energy savings 45% over air cooled DX Lower maintenance costs Operates on natural gas, diesel, hot water, steam or waste oil. Payback under 2.0 years 8

9 CCHP Total Efficiency 80.1 % natural gas 16,600 kw Gas Turbine exhaust 11,500 kw Heat Recovery Chiller/Heater exhaust loss 3,300 kw 11,000 kw cooling 5,100 kw power 9

10 10 Solar Air Conditioning

11 Chilled Beams 11

12 New Energy Efficient & Environmentally Friendly Fan Coil Units 12

13 Heat Recovery Systems Refrigeration to water A/C compressor emits hot air Waste heat is trapped and is used to produce hot water Air to Air Cool exhaust air used to pre-cool fresh air 13

14 14 SEMCO Energy Recovery Systems

15 How It Works: (Cooling Season) 2-3. Outdoor Air is Cooled, Dehumidified then Supplied to HVAC System 1. Fresh Outdoor Air (Hot and Humid) is Passed Through the Wheel 5-6. Exhaust Air is Heated and Humidified then Sent Outdoors 4. Exhaust Air is Pulled from the Space (Cool and Dry) 15

16 Section 5.0 Renewable Energy Systems

17 Energy Savings Lamp Watt Cost Life Qty Total kw $US hrs $US CFL , LED , Diff , ,

18 Energy Savings contd. Energy cost Annual hours 4380 CFL annual energy cost $16.43 LED ann. energy cost $5.48 Annual energy savings $10.95 US$ 0.25/kWh 18 Cost of Compact Flo. $2.00 Cost of LED $10.00 Cost difference $ 8.00 Payback years Annual savings for 500 lamps $5,475

19 Florescent Lamps (Tubes) Lamp Thickness W Lumens/W F40T F28T5 5/ (25C) F28T5 5/ (35C) F32T (25C) LED

20 LED EXIT Lighting Lamp Type Annual Energy Annual Cost US$ Lamp Life Annual Co2 Incand mths 574 lbs CFL year 230 lbs LED years 72 lbs 20

21 Building Envelope Analysis Windows Roofs Exterior doors Ceilings Exterior walls 21

22 Windows Solar film Tight seals, weather strips Double pane glass (low SC, U value) Reduce quantity on exposed elevations Ensure building pressure is slightly positive Window shading - trees, awnings, reveals, blinds, curtains. 22

23 Low Pressure Vacuum Tube Solar Hot Water System Renewable energy source Free hot water production Tanks must be appropriately sized Long life - 15 to 20 years Low maintenance cost Can use electrical backup if necessary 23

24 24 Split Pressure System

25 Payback Analysis of Solar Water Heaters (SWH) at Various Energy and SWH costs Cost of Energy US$/kWh $0.05 $0.15 $0.20 $0.25 $0.30 $0.35 Annual Hot Water Savings US$ $ $1, $1, $1, $2, $2, Payback US$ Payback Payback Payback Notes: (1) Annual savings are based on using SWH against Electric Water Heaters (2) Savings are based on a household using 7,560 kwh/year for hot water use ( 25

26 Maintenance in Energy Management Poor A/C maintenance - 20% more energy Steam Leaks Air leaks Air and Water Balancing Use of rewind motors Placement of Condensers Poorly Trained Technicians 26

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28 7.4 Obstacles Lack of Awareness of all and sundry Insufficient Trained Technical Personnel Availability of Competent Suppliers Project Funding Import Duty on Energy Saving Technology Legal Infrastructure Distributed Generation Illegal / Utility Monopolies Risks of New Technology