Influence of a liquid application in the main mixer on mixture homogeneity of feeding stuffs

Transcription

1 Forschungsinstitut Futtermitteltechnik Research Institute of Feed Technology Influence of a liquid application in the main mixer on mixture homogeneity of feeding stuffs Dipl.-Ing. Alexandra Kirchner IFF Research Institute of Feed Technology, Braunschweig-Thune, Germany

2 Location of IFF BRAUNSCHWEIG 2

3 Braunschweig Federal State of Lower Saxony 250,000 inhabitants

4 International Research Association of Feed Technology INTRODUCTION 4

5 International Research Association of Feed Technology (IFF) in head points founded in 1961 on the initiative of the German Association of Feed Industry supports German and international members in the feed processing industry by results of joint research projects and service activities maintains a Research Institute of its own

6 International Research Association of Feed Technology (IFF) in head points 100 members (national and international companies as well as associations and organisations) SME oriented industrial cooperative research in the fields of feed quality and safety as well as process optimization member of the Working Pool of Industrial Research Associations (Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen Otto von Guericke e.v.) at Cologne, Germany, since 1964

7 Impressions

8 Impressions

9 International Research Association of Feed Technology RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FEED TECHNOLOGY 9

10 Research Institute of Feed Technology in numbers Head of the Institute: Dr.-Ing. Alexander Feil 4 scientists 3 technicians 2 laboratory technicians 1 assistant

11 Research Institute of Feed Technology in facts Pilot plant/test facilities (capacities from 10 kg/h up to 1 t/h) Milling: hammer and roller mill Mixing (capacities from 10 up to 1,000 l): single-shaft slanted vane mixer, ribbon mixer, double-shaft paddle mixer, vacuum twin-shaft paddle mixer, Pelleting and agglomerating: 2 ring-die presses, laboratory flat-die press, expander/extruder, belt cooler, vertical cooler Conveying: mechanical and pneumatical conveying devices

12 Research Institute of Feed Technology in facts Physical analyses density, bulk density, tap density, flowability pellet & agglomerate abrasion/durability dusting behaviour (rotation drum, single drop devices) particle-size distribution (sieving analysis, laser-diffraction) Chemical analyses Weender analysis wet-chemical analysis according to the VDLUFA method manual fat indicators photometry element analysis (AAS), additive analysis (HPLC) starch gelatinisation protein dispersibility index

13 Examples of terminated research projects Investigation and evaluation of alternative technological processes for the production of medicated feeding stuffs Comparing investigations for improving the product safety of mash compound feed by low energetic irradiation and hydrothermal treatment Investigations on the applicability of the vacuum-coating process for the production of compound feed rich in energy and for the application of liquid formulated additives after pelleting Production of structurised and mixing-stable mineral feeds with high product safety and quality by using selected compaction processes

14 Research project on optimized liquid application STARTING POINT AND SELECTED RESULTS 14

15 Liquid addition to feeding stuff powders as an aspect of feed quality and safety Liquids are added to feeding stuffs to decrease dusting behaviour, increase taste and nutritional value, avoid segregation.

16 Liquid application in the main mixer Problems caking and agglomerates feed quality cross-contamination negative influence on mixture homogeneity feed quality and safety 16

17 Liquid addition for avoidance of segregation formation of liquid bridges agglomeration definition of the project must be to find an optimum between desired and undesired effects when adding liquids to feeding stuffs regarding technological parameters material characteristics

18 Technological parameters fogging two component nozzle addition as droplets one component nozzle addition as continuum pipe fluidizing of dispersible materials bulk / feeding stuff mixer mixing and wetting of bulk dry mixing additional mixing replacement of liquids

19 Liquids dyn. viscosity [mpas] Rübenmelasse sugar beet molasses (47%) (47%) Rübenmelasse sugar beet molasses (42%),(42%) NZ Rübenmelasse sugar beet molasses F-805 (42%) Rübenmelasse sugar beet molasses F-934 (42%) Betriebsmelasse sugar beet molasses (Rüben) (42%) Betriebsmelasse sugar beet molasses (Rüben) (42%) Apfelmelasse vinasses Apfelmelasse apple molasses Vinasse apple molasses Sojaöl soy oil Wasser water 0 20 C 32 C 38 C temperature

20 Viscosity Dispersibility of liquids in nozzles 20 C 32 C 38 C 67 mm 15 mm 142 mm 144 mm One comp. nozzle 80 sugar beet molasses F mm 84 mm Feil, Kirchner (2007), Final Report of the IGF-project Melasse No N

21 Droplet size and droplet size distribution Calculation of characteristic droplet diameters equation x 50 /D 6*Re -0,15 x 0,999 /D=We -0,333 (23,5+395*10-6 *Re) x 32 /D=47/v(σ/ρ G ) 0,25 (1+331*Oh) author Panasenkov Miesse Tanasawa Re - Reynolds number We - Weber number Oh - Ohnesorg number x 50 - averagedropletdiameter x 32 - Sauter diameter D - diameterofnozzleoutlet ρ G - densityofgas atmosphere σ - surface tension 21

22 Particle-size distribution 1,00 0,75 distribu utionfunctionq 3 (x) 0,50 0,25 0, mesh width w [µm] pig feed (F-752) pig feed (F-683) colour indicator cattle mineral feed (F-803) pig mineral feed (F-802) cattle mineral feed (F-664) layer meal (F-857)

23 State-of-the-art The binding of particles is caused by liquid bridges and therefore a reduction in the number of particles occurs negative influence on optimal mixture homogeneity but avoidance of segregation Free flowability of particles is limited negative influence on mixture homogeneity A dry mixing cycle is necessary because liquids may cause a freezing of the state of the mixture The liquid must be evenly distributed in the mash to avoid the occurrence of rough agglomerates 23

24 Experimental study An experimental study was carried out to mark up technological parameters and material properties for optimized discontinuous liquid application in the main mixer regarding feed quality in the cases of mixture homogeneity avoidance of segregation and dusting behaviour and to minimise cross-contamination caused by unbound fines on the one and caking on the other hand The project is funded by the German Ministry of Economics via AiF (AiF-Code N, )

25 Experiment twin shaft paddle mixer 20 l one component nozzle mineral concentrate rough and fine 1-3% molasses vinasses dry mixing additional mixing intensive mixer compound feed rough and fine soy oil 45 l pipe colourantas indicator (micro component) Cut out from experimental plan IGF-project Flüssigkeitszugabe No

26 Analysis For the characterization of the mixture homogeneity a particulate organic colourant was used as additives indicator (ratio of 1:100,000 or 1:50,000) The colourant can be detected photometrically with a low analytical error The concentration of the indicator in single samples was analyzed and statistically evaluated by the coefficient of variation (CV) 26

27 Mixture quality of cattle mineral feed 0,099 colourant + oil addition + subsequent mixing 0,042 1% 3% colourant + oil addition 0,069 0,104 soy oil + subsequent mixing 0,054 0,14 soy oil 0,087 0,113 dry mixture area of good mixture homogeneity 0,139 0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 coefficient of variation (CV) 27

28 Sample concentration of colourant CV (colourant) = CV (soy oil) = sample conce entration in % sample no. colourant soy oil 28

29 Conclusions The estimation that liquids must be evenly distributed in the mash to avoid the occurrence of rough agglomerates could be validated by the experimental study It seems to be essential that the liquid is spread evenly on the particle surfaces of all particles to avoid undesired agglomerates and increase mixture homogeneity. Therefore a material specific amount of liquid is necessary. Under defined circumstances a dry mixing cycle is not necessarily needed to reach an adequate mixture homogeneity At the moment a general conclusion on the influence of a liquid addition on the mixture homogeneity is not possible 29

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