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1 National Fire Protection Association Report 1 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Second Revision No. 1-NFPA [ Chapter 2 ] Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 2.1 General. The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this recommended practice and should be considered part of the recommendations of this document. 2.2 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 33, Standard for Spray Application Using Flammable or Combustible Materials, edition. NFPA 34, Standard for Dipping, Coating, and Printing Processes Using Flammable or Combustible Liquids, 2015 edition. NFPA 35, Standard for the Manufacture of Organic Coatings, 2016 edition. NFPA 36, Standard for Solvent Extraction Plants, 2013 edition. NFPA 45, Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals, 2015 edition. NFPA 55, Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code, 2016 edition. NFPA 58, Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code, 2017 edition. NFPA 59A, Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), 2016 edition. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, 2017 edition. 2.3 Other Publications API Publications. American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2, 3rd edition, API RP 505, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2, 2002, reaffirmed ASHRAE Publications. American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers ASHRAE, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA ASHRAE 15 ASHRAE STD 15, Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems, ASHRAE STD 34, Designation and Classification of Refrigerants, ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA ASTM D323, Standard Method of Test for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method), 2008, ( reaffirmed 2014) CGA Publications. Compressed Gas Association, George Carter Way, Suite 103, Chantilly, VA CGA G2.1, Safety Requirements for the Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia, th edition, IEC Publications. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland. IEC , Explosive atmospheres Part 20-1: Material characteristics for gas and vapor classification Test methods and data, ISA Publications. The International Society of Automation, 67 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12277, Research Triangle Park, NC ISA-RP , Standard for Portable Electronic Products Suitable for Use in Class I and II, Division 2, Class I Zone 2 and Class III, DIivision Division 1 and 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations, 2011.

2 National Fire Protection Association Report 2 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Other Publications. Merriam-Webster s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, References for Extracts in Recommendations Sections. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 59A, Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), edition. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, edition. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Eric Nette Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Fri Oct 02 13:04:26 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated reference to ASHRAE STD 15 & 34. Updated CGA G2.1 year. Response Message: Public Comment No. 1-NFPA [Chapter 2]

3 National Fire Protection Association Report 3 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Second Revision No. 5-NFPA [ Section No [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ]

4 National Fire Protection Association Report 4 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM An alphabetical listing of selected combustible materials, with their group classification and relevant physical properties, is provided in Table Table Selected Chemicals Chemical CAS No. Class I Division Group Type a Flash Point ( C) AIT ( C) %LFL %UFL Vapor Density (Air = 1) Vapor Pressure b (mm Hg) Class I Zone Group c MIE (mj) MIC Ratio MESG (mm) Acetaldehyde C d I IIA Acetic Acid D d II IIA Acetic Acid- tert-butyl Ester D II Acetic Anhydride D II IIA 1.23 Acetone D d I IIA Acetone Cyanohydrin D IIIA Acetonitrile D I IIA 1.50 Acetylene A d GAS IIC Acrolein (Inhibited) B(C) d I IIB 0.13 Acrylic Acid D II IIB 0.86 Acrylonitrile D d I IIB Adiponitrile D IIIA Allyl Alcohol C d I IIB 0.84 Allyl Chloride D I IIA Allyl Glycidyl Ether B(C) e II Alpha-Methyl Styrene D II n-amyl Acetate D I IIA 1.02 sec-amyl Acetate D I IIA Ammonia D d,f GAS IIA Aniline D IIIA IIA Benzene D d I IIA Benzyl Chloride D IIIA Bromopropyne D I n-butane D d,g GAS IIA ,3-Butadiene B(D) d,e GAS IIB Butanol D d I IIA 0.91 Butyl alcohol (s) (butanol-2) D d I IIA Butylamine D GAS IIA 1.13 Butylene D I IIA 0.94 n-butyraldehyde C d I IIA 0.92 n-butyl Acetate D d I IIA sec-butyl Acetate D II tert-butyl Acetate D II n-butyl Acrylate (Inhibited) D II IIB 0.88 n-butyl Glycidyl Ether B(C) e II n-butyl Formal C IIIA 34.3 Butyl Mercaptan C I Butyl-2-Propenoate D II para tert-butyl Toluene D IIIA

5 National Fire Protection Association Report 5 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Chemical CAS No. Class I Division Group Type a Flash Point ( C) AIT ( C) %LFL %UFL Vapor Density (Air = 1) Vapor Pressure b (mm Hg) Class I Zone Group c n-butyric Acid D d IIIA Carbon Disulfide d,h I IIC Carbon Monoxide C d GAS IIB 0.54 Chloroacetaldehyde C IIIA Chlorobenzene D I Chloro-1- Nitropropane C IIIA Chloroprene D GAS Cresol D IIIA Crotonaldehyde C d I IIB 0.81 Cumene D I IIA 1.05 Cyclohexane D I IIA Cyclohexanol D IIIA IIA Cyclohexanone D II IIA 0.98 Cyclohexene D I IIA 0.97 Cyclopropane D d I IIA p-cymene D II IIA Decene D II n-decaldehyde C IIIA 0.09 n-decanol D IIIA Decyl Alcohol D IIIA Diacetone Alcohol D IIIA Di-Isobutylene D d I Di-Isobutyl Ketone D II o-dichlorobenzene D IIIA IIA 1,4-Dichloro-2,3 Epoxybutane D d I IIA ,1-Dichloroethane D I IIA ,2-Dichloroethylene D I IIA ,1-Dichloro-1- Nitroethane C IIIA ,3-Dichloropropene D I Dicyclopentadiene C I IIA 0.91 Diethylamine C d I IIA 1.15 Diethylaminoethanol C IIIA IIA Diethyl Benzene D II Diethyl Ether (Ethyl Ether) C d I IIB Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether C IIIA Diethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether C IIIA n-n-dimethyl Aniline C IIIA Dimethyl Formamide D II IIA 1.08 Dimethyl Sulfate D IIIA Dimethylamine C GAS IIA 2,2-Dimethylbutane D g I ,3-Dimethylbutane D g I 396 MIE (mj) MIC Ratio MESG (mm)

6 National Fire Protection Association Report 6 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Chemical CAS No. Class I Division Group Type a Flash Point ( C) AIT ( C) %LFL %UFL Vapor Density (Air = 1) 3,3-Dimethylheptane D g I ,3-Dimethylhexane D g I 438 Vapor Pressure b (mm Hg) Class I Zone Group c 2,3-Dimethylpentane D g I Di-N-Propylamine C I IIA ,4-Dioxane C d I IIB Dipentene D II IIA 1.18 Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether C IIIA Diisopropylamine C GAS IIA 1.02 Dodecene D IIIA Epichlorohydrin C d I MIE (mj) MIC Ratio Ethane D d GAS IIA Ethanol D d I IIA Ethylamine D d I Ethylene C d GAS IIB Ethylenediamine D d I Ethylenimine C d I Ethylene Chlorohydrin D IIIA Ethylene Dichloride D d I Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether C II IIA Acetate Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether C IIIA Acetate Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether C IIIA Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether C II Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether D II Ethylene Oxide B(C) d,e I IIB Ethylhexaldehyde C II Ethylhexanol D IIIA Ethylhexyl Acrylate D IIIA Ethyl Acetate D d I IIA Ethyl Acrylate (Inhibited) D d I IIA 0.86 Ethyl Alcohol D d I IIA Ethyl Sec-Amyl Ketone D II 59 Ethyl Benzene D I Ethyl Butanol D II Ethyl Butyl Ketone D II Ethyl Chloride D GAS Ethyl Formate D GAS IIA 0.94 Ethyl Mercaptan C d I IIB n-ethyl Morpholine C I MESG (mm)

7 National Fire Protection Association Report 7 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Chemical CAS No. Class I Division Group Type a Flash Point ( C) AIT ( C) %LFL %UFL Vapor Density (Air = 1) Vapor Pressure b (mm Hg) Class I Zone Group c 2-Ethyl-3-Propyl Acrolein C IIIA Ethyl Silicate D II 7.2 Formaldehyde (Gas) B GAS IIB 0.57 Formic Acid D II IIA 1.86 Fuel Oil D Fuel Oil 2 II or IIIA k 38 72k II or IIIA k 52 96k 257 MIE (mj) MIC Ratio Fuel Oil 6 IIIA or IIIB k k Furfural C IIIA Furfuryl Alcohol C IIIA Gasoline D d I n-heptane D d I IIA n-heptene D g I n-hexane D d,g I IIA Hexanol D IIIA IIA Hexanone D I Hexene D I sec-hexyl Acetate D II Hydrazine C II Hydrogen B d GAS IIC Hydrogen Cyanide C d GAS IIB 0.80 Hydrogen Selenide C I 7793 Hydrogen Sulfide C d GAS IIB Isoamyl Acetate D I Isoamyl Alcohol D II IIA 1.02 Isobutane D g GAS IIA 0.95 Isobutyl Acetate D d I Isobutyl Acrylate D I Isobutyl Alcohol D d I IIA Isobutyraldehyde C GAS IIA 0.92 Isodecaldehyde C IIIA Isohexane D g IIA 1.00 Isopentane D g Isooctyl Aldehyde C II Isophorone D Isoprene D d I Isopropyl Acetate D I Isopropyl Ether D d I IIA Isopropyl Glycidyl Ether C I Isopropylamine D GAS Kerosene D II IIA MESG (mm)

8 National Fire Protection Association Report 8 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Chemical CAS No. Class I Division Group Type a Flash Point ( C) AIT ( C) %LFL %UFL Vapor Density (Air = 1) Liquefied Petroleum Gas D I 405 Mesityl Oxide D d I Vapor Pressure b (mm Hg) Class I Zone Group c MIE (mj) MIC Ratio Methane D d GAS IIA Methanol D d I IIA Methyl Acetate D GAS IIA Methyl Acrylate D GAS IIB Methyl Alcohol D d I IIA 0.91 Methyl Amyl Alcohol D II IIA 1.01 Methyl Chloride D GAS IIA 1.00 Methyl Ether C d GAS IIB Methyl Ethyl Ketone D d I IIB Methyl Formal C d I Methyl Formate D GAS IIA Methylhexane D g I 280 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone D d I Methyl Isocyanate D GAS IIA 1.21 Methyl Mercaptan C GAS Methyl Methacrylate D I IIA 0.95 Methyl N-Amyl Ketone D II Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether D I Methyloctane Methylpropane D g I Methyl-1-Propanol D d I IIA 0.98 Methyl-2-Propanol D d I Methyl-5-Ethyl Pyridine D Methylacetylene C d I Methylacetylene- Propadiene C I IIB 0.74 Methylal C I Methylamine D GAS IIA Methylbutane D g Methylcyclohexane D I Methylcyclohexanol D Methycyclohexanone D II Methylheptane D g Methylhexane D g Methylpentane D g Methylpropane D g I Methyl-1-Propanol D d I Methyl-2-Propanol D d I Methyloctane D g Methyloctane D g MESG (mm)

9 National Fire Protection Association Report 9 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Chemical CAS No. Class I Division Group Type a Flash Point ( C) AIT ( C) %LFL %UFL Vapor Density (Air = 1) Vapor Pressure b (mm Hg) Class I Zone Group c MIE (mj) MIC Ratio 4-Methyloctane D g Monoethanolamine D IIA Monoisopropanolamine D Monomethyl Aniline C Monomethyl Hydrazine C I Morpholine C d II IIA 0.95 Naphtha (Coal Tar) D II IIA Naphtha (Petroleum) D d,i I IIA Neopentane D g Nitrobenzene D IIA 0.94 Nitroethane C I IIB 0.87 Nitromethane C I IIA Nitropropane C I IIB Nitropropane C d I n-nonane D g I IIA Nonene D I Nonyl Alcohol D IIA n-octane D d,g I IIA 0.94 Octene D I n-octyl Alcohol D IIA 1.05 n-pentane D d,g I IIA Pentanol D d I IIA Pentanone D I IIA Pentene D I Pentene D I Pentyl Acetate D I Phenylhydrazine D Process Gas > 30% H2 B j GAS Propane D d GAS IIA Propanol D d I IIA Propanol D d I IIA Propiolactone D Propionaldehyde C I IIB 0.86 Propionic Acid D II IIA 1.10 Propionic Anhydride D n-propyl Acetate D I IIA 1.05 n-propyl Ether C d I Propyl Nitrate B d I Propylene D d GAS IIA Propylene Dichloride D I IIA 1.32 Propylene Oxide B(C) d,e I IIB Pyridine D d I IIA Styrene D d I IIA 1.21 MESG (mm)

10 National Fire Protection Association Report 10 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Chemical CAS No. Class I Division Group Type a Flash Point ( C) AIT ( C) %LFL %UFL Vapor Density (Air = 1) Vapor Pressure b (mm Hg) Class I Zone Group c MIE (mj) MIC Ratio Tetrahydrofuran C d I IIB Tetrahydronaphthalene D IIIA Tetramethyl Lead C II Toluene D d I IIA 0.24 n-tridecene D IIIA Triethylamine C d I IIA Triethylbenzene D ,2,3-Trimethylbutane D g 442 2,2,4-Trimethylbutane D g 407 2,2,3-Trimethylpentane D g 396 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane D g 415 IIA ,3,3-Trimethylpentane D g 425 Tripropylamine D II IIA 1.13 Turpentine D I n-undecene D IIIA Unsymmetrical Dimethyl Hydrazine C d I IIB 0.85 Valeraldehyde C I Vinyl Acetate D d I IIA Vinyl Chloride D d GAS IIA 0.96 Vinyl Toluene D Vinylidene Chloride D I IIA 3.91 Xylene D d I IIA Xylidine C IIIA a Type is used to designate if the material is a gas, flammable liquid, or combustible liquid. (See and ) b Vapor pressure reflected in units of mm Hg at 77 F (25 C) unless stated otherwise. c Class I, Zone Groups are based on IEC , 1996 IEC TR , Explosive atmospheres Part 20-1:Material characteristics for gas and vapor classification Test methods and data, which contains additional data on MESG and group classifications. d Material has been classified by test. e Where all conduit runs into explosionproof equipment are, the conduit is provided with explosionproof seals installed within 18 in. (450 mm) of the enclosure, equipment for the group classification shown in parentheses is permitted. f For classification of areas involving ammonia, see ASHRAE 15, Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems, and CGA G2.1, Safety Requirements for the Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia. g Commercial grades of aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents are mixtures of several isomers of the same chemical formula (or molecular weight). The autoignition temperatures (AIT) of the individual isomers are significantly different. The electrical equipment should be suitable for the AIT of the solvent mixture. (See A ) h Certain chemicals have characteristics that require need safeguards beyond those required necessary for any of the above groups. Carbon disulfide is one of these chemicals because of its low autoignition temperature and the small joint clearance necessary to arrest its flame propagation. i Petroleum naphtha is a saturated hydrocarbon mixture whose boiling range is 68 F to 275 F (20 C to 135 C). It is also known as benzine, ligroin, petroleum ether, and naphtha. j Fuel and process gas mixtures found by test not to present hazards similar to those of hydrogen may can be grouped based on the test results. k Liquid type and flash point vary due to regional blending differences. MESG (mm)

11 National Fire Protection Association Report 11 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Eric Nette Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Fri Oct 02 13:50:30 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Response Message: Updated Table note c by updating reference to IEC The flashpoint for Ethane has been updated to the correct value of -135 instead of -29 as shown in SDS. Public Comment No. 2-NFPA [Section No [Excluding any Sub-Sections]]

12 National Fire Protection Association Report 12 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Second Revision No. 4-NFPA [ Section No ] 5.10 Classification Diagrams for Class I, Divisions.

13 National Fire Protection Association Report 13 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Most diagrams in Section 5.10 and Section 5.11 include tables of suggested applicability and use check marks to show the ranges of process equipment size, pressure, and flow rates. (See Table ) Unless otherwise stated, these diagrams assume that the material being handled is a flammable liquid. Table 5.10 provides a summary of where each diagram is intended to apply. Class I, Division diagrams include Figure (a) through Figure Table 5.10 Matrix of Diagrams Versus Material/Property/Application Figure Number VD Indoor, for Class I Special VD > < Cryogenic Indoor Condition 1 Poor Outdoor Above At Refer to Table Grade 1 Grade Division Zone Ventilation Size Pressure Flow (a) (a) X X X S/M S/M S/M (b) (b) X X X S/M S/M S/M (c) (c) X X X S/M S/M S/M (d) (d) X X X S/M S/M S/M (e) (e) X X X S/M S/M S/M (f) (f) X X X S/M S/M S/M (g) (g) X X X L M/L L (h) (h) X X X L M/L L (i) (i) X X X M/L L M/L (j) (j) X X X M/L L M/L (k) (k) X X X X S/M S/M S/M (l) (l) X X X X M/L M/L M/L (m) (m) X X X X S/M S/M S/M (n) (n) X X X X S/M S/M S/M (a) (a) X X X X S/M M/H S/M (b) (b) X X X X S/M M/H S/M (a) (a) Product dryer FL X X X (b) (b) Filter press FL X X (a) (a) Storage tank (b) (b) (c) (c) (d) (d) (e) (e) Tank car loading Tank car loading Tank truck loading Tank car loading/tank truck loading Tank car loading/tank truck loading Drum filling station Emergency basin (a) (a) Liquid H 2 storage (b) (b) Gaseous H 2 storage (c) (c) Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank and FL X X M/L L M/L FL X X FL X X X FL X X X FL X X X FL X X X FL X X X FL X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

14 National Fire Protection Association Report 14 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Figure Number Indoor, for Class I Special VD > VD Cryogenic Indoor Condition 1 < 1 Poor Outdoor Above At Refer to Table Grade Grade Division Zone Ventilation Size Pressure Flow (d) (e) (d) (e) Vaporizer (parts of system containing liquid hydrogen) Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack Gaseous Hydrogen Receivers (a) (a) Compressor shelter (b) (b) Compressor shelter (a) (a) Cryogenic storage (b) (b) Cryogenic storage (c) (c) Cryogenic storage X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X LNG X X X LNG X X X LNG X Marine terminal Compressed Gas Cylinders lighter than or equal to air, including hydrogen) Compressed Gas Cylinders (heavier than air) FL/LFG X X X X X X X X X X X FL: Flammable liquid. LFG: Liquefied flammable gas. LNG: Liquefied natural gas. X: Diagram applies. L: Large. M: Moderate. S: Small. H: High.

15 National Fire Protection Association Report 15 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Indoor and Outdoor Process-Flammable Liquids.

16 National Fire Protection Association Report 16 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM [See Figure (a) through Figure (n).] Figure (a) Leakage Located Outdoors, at Grade. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (b) Leakage Located Outdoors, Above Grade. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (c) Leakage Located Indoors, at Floor Level. Adequate ventilation is provided. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (d) Leakage Located Indoors, Above Floor Level. Adequate ventilation is provided. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (e) Leakage Located Indoors, at Floor Level, Adjacent to an Opening in an Exterior Wall. Adequate ventilation is provided. The material being handled is a flammable liquid.

17 National Fire Protection Association Report 17 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Figure (f) Leakage Located Indoors, at Floor Level, Adjacent to an Opening in an Exterior Wall. Ventilation is not adequate. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (g) Leakage Located Outdoors, at Grade. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (h) Leakage Located Outdoors, Above Grade. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (i) Leakage Located Indoors, Adjacent to an Opening in an Exterior Wall. Ventilation is not adequate. The material being handled is a flammable liquid.

18 National Fire Protection Association Report 18 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Figure (j) Leakage Located Indoors, Adjacent to an Opening in an Exterior Wall. Adequate ventilation is provided. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (k) Leakage, Located Both at Grade and Above Grade, in an Outdoor Process Area. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (l) Multiple Sources of Leakage, Located Both at Grade and Above Grade, in an Outdoor Process Area. The material being handled is a flammable liquid. Figure (m) Multiple Sources of Leakage, Located Both at and Above Grade, in an Outdoor Process Area. The material being handled is a flammable liquid.

19 National Fire Protection Association Report 19 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Figure (n) Multiple Sources of Leakage, Located Both at and Above Floor Level, in an Adequately Ventilated Building. The material being handled is a flammable liquid Outdoor Process Flammable Liquid, Flammable Gas, Compressed Flammable Gas, or Cryogenic Liquid. [See Figure (a) and Figure (b).] Figure (a) Leakage Located Outdoors, at Grade. The material being handled could be a flammable liquid, a liquefied or compressed flammable gas, or a flammable cryogenic liquid. Figure (b) Leakage Located Outdoors, Above Grade. The material being handled could be a flammable liquid, a liquefied or compressed flammable gas, or a flammable cryogenic liquid.

20 National Fire Protection Association Report 20 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Product Dryer and Plate and Frame Filter Press Solids Wet with Flammable Liquids. [See Figure (a) and Figure (b).] Figure (a) Product Dryer Located in an Adequately Ventilated Building. The product dryer system is totally enclosed. The material being handled is a solid wet with a flammable liquid. Figure (b) Plate and Frame Filter Press. Adequate ventilation is provided. The material being handled is a solid wet with a flammable liquid.

21 National Fire Protection Association Report 21 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Storage Tanks and Tank Vehicles Flammable Liquids.

22 National Fire Protection Association Report 22 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM [See Figure (a) through Figure (e).] Figure (a) Product Storage Tank Located Outdoors, at Grade. The material that is being stored is a flammable liquid. Figure (b) Tank Car Loading and Unloading via a Closed Transfer System. Material is transferred only through the dome. The material being transferred is a flammable liquid. Figure (c) Tank Car Loading and Unloading via a Closed Transfer System. Material is transferred through the bottom fittings. The material being transferred is a flammable liquid. Figure (d) Tank Truck Loading and Unloading via a Closed Transfer System. Material is transferred through the bottom fittings. The material being transferred is a flammable liquid. Figure (e) Tank Car (or Tank Truck) Loading and Unloading via an Open Transfer System. Material is transferred either through the dome or the bottom fittings. The material being transferred is a flammable liquid.

23 National Fire Protection Association Report 23 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Tank Vehicle Flammable Liquefied Gas, Flammable Compressed Gas, or Flammable Cryogenic Liquid. (See Figure ) Figure Tank Car (or Tank Truck) Loading and Unloading via a Closed Transfer System. Material is transferred only through the dome. The material being transferred may be a liquefied or compressed flammable gas or a flammable cryogenic liquid Indoor or Outdoor Drum Filling Station Flammable Liquids. (See Figure ) Figure Drum Filling Station Located Either Outdoors or Indoors in an Adequately Ventilated Building. The material being handled is a flammable liquid.

24 National Fire Protection Association Report 24 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Emergency Impounding Basins, Emergency Drainage Ditches, or Oil Water Separators Flammable Liquids. (See Figure ) Figure Emergency Impounding Basin or Oil Water Separator and an Emergency or Temporary Drainage Ditch or Oil Water Separator. The material being handled is a flammable liquid.

25 National Fire Protection Association Report 25 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Storage of Liquid or Gaseous Hydrogen.

26 National Fire Protection Association Report 26 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM [See Figure (a) and Figure (b).] Figure (a) Liquid Hydrogen Storage Located Outdoors or Indoors in an Adequately Ventilated Building. This diagram applies to liquid hydrogen only. Figure (b) Gaseous Hydrogen Storage Located Outdoors or Indoors in an Adequately Ventilated Building. This diagram applies to gaseous hydrogen only. Figure (c) Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank and Vaporizer (parts of system containing liquid hydrogen). Figure (d) Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack. Figure (e) Gaseous Hydrogen Receivers

27 National Fire Protection Association Report 27 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Compressor Shelters Lighter-than-Air Gas. [See Figure (a) and Figure (b).] Figure (a) Adequately Ventilated Compressor Shelter. The material being handled is a lighter-than-air gas. Figure (b) Inadequately Ventilated Compressor Shelter. The material being handled is a lighter-than-air gas.

28 National Fire Protection Association Report 28 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Storage Tanks for Cryogenic Liquids. [See Figure (a), Figure (b), and Figure (c).] Figure (a) Tank for the Storage of Cryogenic and Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gases. Dike height less than distance from container to dike (H < x). [59A: Figure (b).] Figure (b) Tank for the Storage of Cryogenic and Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gases. Dike height greater than distance from container to dike (H > x). [59A: Figure (c)] Figure (c) Tank for the Storage of Cryogenic and Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gases. Container with liquid level below grade or top of dike. [59A: Figure (d).] Outdoor Handling Liquefied Natural Gas or Other Cryogenic Flammable Gas. (See Figure ) Figure Source of Leakage from Equipment Handling Liquefied Natural Gas or Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gas and Located Outdoors, at or Above Grade.

29 National Fire Protection Association Report 29 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Indoor Handling Liquefied Natural Gas or Other Cryogenic Flammable Gas. (See Figure ) Figure Source of Leakage from Equipment Handling Liquefied Natural Gas or Other Cold Liquefied Flammable Gas and Located Indoors in an Adequately Ventilated Building Routinely Operating Bleeds Liquefied Natural Gas or Other Cryogenic Flammable Gas. (See Figure ) Figure Classified Zones around Liquefied Natural Gas Routinely Operating Bleeds, Drips, Vents, and Drains Both Outdoors, at or Above Grade, and Indoors, in an Adequately Ventilated Building. This diagram also applies to other cold liquefied flammable gases. (Source: Table of NFPA 59A.)

30 National Fire Protection Association Report 30 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Marine Terminal Flammable Liquids. (See Figure ) Figure Classified Locations at a Marine Terminal Handling Flammable Liquids or Liquefied Flammable Gases; Includes the Area Around the Stored Position of Loading Arms and Hoses Compressed Gas Cylinders (Lighter than or Equal to Air, including hydrogen). (See Figure ) Figure Compressed Gas Cylinders (lighter than or equal to air, including hydrogen) Compressed Gas Cylinders (Heavier Than Air). (See Figure ) Figure Compressed Gas Cylinders (heavier than air). Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_497_Figure_Updates_per_NFPA_ _EN_ pptx Figures_for_497_SR-4_EN_ docx Description New Figures as attached in Presentation. Please note numbering has changed from the old edition 5.9 is now 5.10 and 5.10 is now the figures have been extracted from the ppt file into a word file. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Eric Nette Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Fri Oct 02 13:23:50 EDT 2015 Committee Statement

31 National Fire Protection Association Report 31 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Committee Statement: Response Message: An update to the figures has been added for Hydrogen and compressed gases by the 497 task group to be in line with the recent update to NFPA 55.

32 Task Group Report on NFPA 497 Figure Updates per NFPA and Gas Cylinders David Wechsler, Jack Jamison, Jonathan Cadd, Erdem Ural, Rob Early

33 Comparison of Editions (H 2 Gas) 2016 edition adds a Div 1 location around vent outlets

34

35 Comparison of Editions (H 2 Liq) 2016 edition clarifies that the locations are evaluated spherically around a leak point and extends PRV vent to include any vents. It also clarifies the area extends from the surface of the equipment all around.

36 Current 5.9.8(a)/5.10.8(a) Current figure is more general and does not specifically include the PRV vent or the fill connection

37 Current 5.9.8(b)/5.10.8(b) Current figure is more general and does not specifically include an area around the closed container or vents from the closed container as in the latest edition

38 Recommendation Retain current 5.9.8/ (a), (b) as general source locations using the 497 understanding of source as any potential leak point Add new 5.9.8/5.10.8(c) Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank and Vaporizer (parts of system containing liquid hydrogen) Add new 5.9.8/ (d) Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack Add new 5.9.8/5.10.8(e) Gaseous Hydrogen Receivers Add new 5.9.x/5.10.x Compressed Gas Cylinders (Lighter than or Equal to Air, including Hydrogen) Add new 5.9.y/5.10.y Compressed Gas Cylinders (Heavier than Air)

39 5.9.8(c) Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank and Vaporizer (parts of system containing liquid hydrogen) For (c) replace Division with Zone

40 Liquid Hydrogen Fill Connection Division 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Figure (c) Part 1 Liquid Hydrogen Vent Stack Division 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Division 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius Container Vaporizer Grade

41 Division 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius gen Vent Stack ) radius Container Vaporizer rogen Fill Connection m) radius Division 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius

42 5.9.8(d) Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack For (d) replace Division with Zone

43 Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack Division 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius Grade

44 5.9.8(e) Gaseous Hydrogen Receivers For (e) replace Division with Zone

45 Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius

46 Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius Grade

47 Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius Grade

48 Compressed Gas Cylinders Low volume cylinder storage also applies to gaseous hydrogen cylinders Cylinders conventionally stored vertically and restrained. Lighter than air cylinder storage leaks are buoyant Heavier than air cylinder storage leaks are jet leaks under significant pressure, so entrainment quickly reduces concentration

49 5.9.x(a) Compressed Gas Cylinders (Lighter than or Equal to Air, including Hydrogen) Condition: Outdoor or Indoor well-ventilated location, secured in vertical position, in-use in single or manifolded configuration For 5.10.x(a) replace Division with Zone

50 Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius

51 Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius Grade

52 5.9.x(b) Compressed Gas Cylinders (Heavier than Air) Condition: Outdoor or Indoor well-ventilated location, secured in vertical position, in-use in single or manifolded configuration For 5.10.x(b) replace Division with Zone

53 Division 2, 10 ft (4.57 m) radius

54 Division 2, 3 ft (915 mm) radius 18 in. (457 mm) Grade 10 ft (3.05 m) radius Below grade location such as a sump or trench

55 Backup

56 Division 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius Container Vaporizer Grade

57 Division 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius Container Vaporizer

58 Lighter than Air

59 Heavier than Air

60 *New* (c) Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank and Vaporizer (parts of system containing liquid hydrogen) Liquid Hydrogen Vent Stack Division 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Division 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius Container Vaporizer Grade Liquid Hydrogen Fill Connection Division 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius

61 Division 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius Liquid Hydrogen Vent Stack Division 1, Container Vaporizer Liquid Hydrogen Fill Connection Division 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Division 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius

62 *New* (d) Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack Division 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius Grade

63 *New* (e) Gaseous Hydrogen Receivers Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius

64 Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) Grade Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) Grade

65 *New* Compressed Gas Cylinders (Lighter than or Equal to Air, including Hydrogen) Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius Division 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) Grade Condition: Outdoor or Indoor well-ventilated location, secured in vertical position, inuse in single or manifolded configuration

66 *New* Compressed Gas Cylinders (Heavier than Air) Division 2, 10 ft (4.57 m) Division 2, 3 ft (915 mm) radius 18 in. (457 mm) Grade 10 ft (3.05 m) Below grade location such as a sump or trench Condition: Outdoor or Indoor well-ventilated location, secured in vertical position, inuse in single or manifolded configuration

67 *new* (c) Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tank and Vaporizer (parts of system containing liquid hydrogen) Liquid Hydrogen Vent Stack Zone 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Zone 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius Container Vaporizer Grade Liquid Hydrogen Fill Connection Zone 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius

68 Zone 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius Liquid Hydrogen Vent Stack Zone 1, Container Vaporizer Liquid Hydrogen Fill Connection Zone 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Zone 2, 25 ft (7.62 m) radius

69 5.11.8(d) Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack Gaseous Hydrogen Vent Stack Zone 1, 3 ft (915 mm) radius Zone 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius Grade

70 5.11.8(e) Gaseous Hydrogen Receivers Zone 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) radius

71 Zone 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) Grade Zone 2, 15 ft (4.57 m) Grade

72 National Fire Protection Association Report 32 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Second Revision No. 6-NFPA [ New Section after ] Compressed Gas Cylinders (Lighter Than or Equal to Air, Including Hydrogen). (See Figure ) Figure Compressed Gas Cylinders (lighter than or equal to air, including hydrogen) Compressed Gas Cylinders (Heavier than Air). (See Figure ) Figure Compressed Gas Cylinders (heavier than air). Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_497_Figure_Updates_per_NFPA_ _EN_ pptx Figures_for_497_SR-6_EN_ docx Description New Figures as attached in Presentation. Please note numbering has changed from the old edition 5.9 is now 5.10 and 5.10 is now I extracted both figures from the powerpoint file into a word file. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Eric Nette Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Fri Oct 02 14:26:36 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Response Message: An update to the figures has been added for Hydrogen and compressed gases by the 497 task group to be in line with the recent update to NFPA 55.

73 National Fire Protection Association Report 33 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM Second Revision No. 3-NFPA [ Chapter C ] Annex C Informational References C.1 Reference Publications. The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced within the informational sections of this recommended practice and are not part of the recommendations of this document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for other reasons. C.1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA NFPA NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, edition. NFPA Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials, 2010 edition. C.1.2 Other Publications. C ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA ASTM E659, Standard Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Liquid Chemicals, C IEC Publications. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland. IEC , Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres, Part 1-1: Flameproof enclosures d Method of test for ascertainment of maximum experimental safe gap, IEC , Explosive atmospheres Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety I, IEC , -1, Explosive atmospheres Part 20-1: Material characteristics of gas and vapor classification Test methods and data, C NAS Publications. National Materials Advisory Board of the National Academy of Sciences, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC NMAB 353-1, Matrix of Combustion-Relevant Properties and Classification of Gases, Vapors and Selected Solids, C UL Publications. Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL Technical Report No. 58 (TR 58), An Investigation of Flammable Gases or Vapors with Respect to Explosion-Proof Electrical Equipment, (Withdrawn) C Other Publications. Brandes, E. and Redeker, T. Maximum Experimental Safe Gap of Binary and Ternary Mixtures. Journal de Physique IV France, Vol. 12, No. 7, Lunn, G. A., Maximum Experimental Safe Gap: The Effects of Oxygen Enrichment and the Influence of Reaction Kinetics, Journal of Hazardous Materials, , Phillips, H. Differences Between Determinations of Maximum Experimental Safe Gaps in Europe and U.S.A. Journal of Hazardous Materials, Thomas, G., Pipeline Explosions I: An Evaluation of MESG as a Relative Measure of Potential Explosion Severity and the Genesis of a Mimic Gas Concept for Explosion Hazard Testing, 5th Int. Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards, Edinburgh, Scotland, C.2 Informational References. The following documents or portions thereof are listed here as informational resources only. They are not a part of the recommendations of this document. C.2.1 ASHRAE Publications. American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers ASHRAE, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA ASHRAE STD 15, Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems, 2013, Errata, ASHRAE STD 34, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants, 2013.

74 National Fire Protection Association Report 34 of 34 12/4/2015 7:37 AM C.2.2 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA ASTM D56, Standard Method of Test for Flash Point by the Tag Closed Tester, , reaffirmed ASTM D93, Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester, ASTM D3278, Standard Method of Tests for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus, 1996, reaffirmed ASTM E681, Standard Test Method for Concentration Limits of Flammability of Chemicals (Vapors and Gases), C.2.3 Bureau of Mines Publications. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC RI 7009, Minimum Ignition Energy and Quenching Distance in Gaseous Mixture. C.2.4 Other Publications. Energy Institute (Institute of Petroleum), Model Code of Safe Practice for the Petroleum Industry, Part 15: Area Classification Code for Installations Handling Flammable Fluids, Hilado, C. J., and S. W. Clark. Autoignition Temperatures of Organic Chemicals. Chemical Engineering, September 4, Rodgers, S. A., Fuel Ratio Method for Estimating the MESG of Nitrogen-Diluted and Oxygen-Enriched Fuels, Including the Brandes-Redeker Method to Estimate the MESG of Mixed Fuels, AIChE 6th Global Congress on Process Safety, 44th Annual Loss Prevention Symposium, San Antonio, TX March 22 24, C.3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections. (Reserved) (Reserved) Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Eric Nette Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Fri Oct 02 13:09:47 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Response Message: IEC superseded by IEC UL TR 58 has been withdrawn. Other standards have been updated. Public Comment No. 3-NFPA [Chapter C]