Simulation of Continuous Bio-Reactor
|
|
- Baldric Arnold Walters
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Proceeding of he 5 th nnual International Conference Syiah Kuala Univerity (IC Unyiah) 205 In conjunction with he 8 th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on Science and pplication (ChES) 205 September 9-, 205, Banda ceh, Indoneia Simulation of Continuou Bio-Reactor Rudy gutriyanto Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Univerity of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indoneia; *Correponding uthor: rudy.agutriyanto@taff.ubaya.ac.id btract Dynamic tudy of bioproce ytem play a central role in bioproce control. It i in fact on the bai of the time required for the development of the knowledge proce that the total deign, analyi and implementation of monitoring and control method are carried out. Within the framework of bioprocee, the mot natural way to determine the model that will enable the characterization of the proce dynamic i to conider the material balance of major component of the proce. hi article will preent imulation reult of continuou bio-reactor. he mathematical model for the bio-reactor baed on the material balance had been derived (Rig g and Karim, 2006) and would be adopted in thi tudy. hoe model were olved and imulated uing Matlab. It i found that the dynamic repone of the bio-reactor due to a tep change in feedrate are firt order. Key word: Simulation, bio-reactor, biochemical, fermentation Introduction Microbial fermentation i a proce in which a population of micro-organim are grown uing certain nutrient under favorable urrounding condition (temperature, ph, agitation, aeration, etc). It chematically correpond to the tranformation of ubtance (generally carbonaceou ubtrate) into product, reulting from metabolic activitie of cell. he main component of the reaction are a follow (Dochain, 2008): Subtrate, denoted a Si, which are neceary for the growth of micro-organim, or even which are precuror of a compound to be produced. hee ubtrate generally contain a ource of carbon (glucoe, ethanol, etc) and ometime nitrogen (NO 3, NH4, etc.) and phophoru (PO4, etc). Microbial biomae, denoted a xi. End product, denoted a Pi, for agri-food (oil, cheee, beer, wine, etc), chemitry (olvent, enzyme, amino acid, etc), the pharmaceutical indutry (antibiotic, hormone, vitamin, etc) or for the production of energy (bio-ethanol, bioga, etc.). Bio-ethanol, a a clean and renewable fuel, i gaining increaing attention, motly through it major environmental benefit. It can be produced from different kind of renewable feedtock uch a e.g. ugar cane, corn, wheat, caava (firt generation), celluloe bioma (econd generation) and algal bioma (third generation). Sanchez and Cardona (2008) decribed the biotechnological production of bio-ethanol from different feedtock. he agro-indutrial wate had been explored for their feaibility a culture media for the production of bioethanol (Bocanegra et al, 205; Balat, 20). Previou reearch include kinetic tudy of batch ethanol production from ugar beet raw juice (Dodic at al, 202). Continuou bio-reactor baed on a CSR are not commonly ued in biotechnology indutry although they are good candidate for the production of high volume product, uch a, bioethanol. he deign and development of continuou 50
2 Proceeding of he 5 th nnual International Conference Syiah Kuala Univerity (IC Unyiah) 205 In conjunction with he 8 th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on Science and pplication (ChES) 205 September 9-, 205, Banda ceh, Indoneia fermentation ytem have allowed the implementation of more cot effective procee. an et.al (205) ued a flocculating yeat Saccharomyce cereviiae train KF-7 to etablih the continuou ethanol fermentation proce to convert raw juice and thick juice of ugar beet to ethanol. Steady tate and dynamic tudy in continuou bio-reactor but for gluconic acid production had been tudied previouly (Fatmawati & gutriyanto, 200). hi paper decribe the dynamic repone of continuou bio-reactor for bioethanol production. Method Figure how the CSR ytem ued in thi tudy. Feed contain ugar a a ubtrate from corn or other grain (uch a wheat, rice, barley etc) and nutritional alt to upport for cell growth. he cell conume the ubtrate and produce the product and CO2. n air blower provide oxygen to the cell. he exit ga i primarily compoed of N2 from the air, the unconumed O2, and CO2 produced by the cell from the conumption of ugar. he cell concentration i meaured by a turbidity meter, the ubtrate concentration i meaured by an on-line HPLC analyzer. In indutrial bio-proce, filter are uually ued for all tream entering and leaving the reactor to maintain terile condition although they are not hown in Figure. Exit Ga Sterile Storage of Feed F pec Variable Speed Pump ir ir Blower Figure. Schematic of the continuou bio-reactor ued in thi tudy hi bio-reactor i modeled by performing ma balance on the cell, ubtrate, and product (Rigg and Karim 2006). ume Monod kinetic for the cell growth and that mot of the ubtrate i conumed by the cell. he reulting proce model are a follow: dx FV x max x dt V ds F F V V S F S dt V V Y dp dt F V V P Y max xp max xs x x () (2) (3) 5
3 Proceeding of he 5 th nnual International Conference Syiah Kuala Univerity (IC Unyiah) 205 In conjunction with he 8 th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on Science and pplication (ChES) 205 September 9-, 205, Banda ceh, Indoneia he actuator i fat reponding compared to the proce dynamic; therefore the actuator i aumed to repond intantaneouly. he enor for the cell, ubtrate and product concentration are modeled eparately baed on the type of the enor ued in each cae. Below are the model equation that repreent the dynamic behaviour of the actuator and enor: ctuator : F V F V, pec dx dt Senor : x x S P M t St t Pt (4) (5) (6) (7) he proce parameter and variable for thi model are given in able. able. Proce parameter and variable (Rigg and Karim, 2006) Symbol Parameter and Variable Value and Unit FV Feed rate to the reactor Initally 000 L/h FV,pec he pecified feed rate to the bioreactor 050 L/h at t=3 h K Monod aturation contant 0. g/l P Product concentration in the reactor Initially.25 g/l S Subtrate concentration in the reactor Initially 25 g/l SF Subtrate concentration in the feed to the 50 g/l reactor t ime h V Volume of the reactor 5000 L x Cell concentration in the bioreactor Initially 0.25 g/l YxP Yield factor 0.2 g-cell/gproduct YxS Yield coefficient 0.0g-cell/gubtrate max Maximum pecific growth rate 0.2/h Ɵ he enor deadtimefor HPLC analyzer 30 min τm he time contant for the turbidity meter ued to meaure the cell concentration 20 hoe model equation were then olved and imulated uing Matlab for input change. he proce tranfer function in Laplace domain a follow can be obtained immediately: x S P = G G G 2 3 F v (8) Reult and Dicuion Figure 2 how feedrate ( Fv) tep change from 000 to 050 L/h at t = 3 h for 50 h imulation time. can be een in Figure 3, the concentration of ubtrate increae linearly and the product concentration decreae linearly. hoe reult are conitent with previou finding (Rigg and Karim, 2006). 52
4 Proceeding of he 5 th nnual International Conference Syiah Kuala Univerity (IC Unyiah) 205 In conjunction with he 8 th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on Science and pplication (ChES) 205 September 9-, 205, Banda ceh, Indoneia Fv [L/h] Figure 2. Step change of bio-reactor feedrate x [g/l] S [g/l] P [g/l] Figure 3. Dynamic repone of the continuou bio-reactor to a tep increae in feed rate 0.4 x [g/l] S [g/l] P [g/l] Figure 4. Dynamic repone of bio-reactor for longer imulation time 53
5 Proceeding of he 5 th nnual International Conference Syiah Kuala Univerity (IC Unyiah) 205 In conjunction with he 8 th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on Science and pplication (ChES) 205 September 9-, 205, Banda ceh, Indoneia can be een in Figure 4, which how imulation reult for longer time (i.e. up to 500 h imulation time), the proce are actually firt order (Marlin, 2000; Seborg et al, 200). he firt order proce tranfer function are a the following: x = S F v (9) P Concluion Dynamic tudy of a continuou bio-reactor for bioethanol production ha been performed. It wa found that the proce actually follow firt order dynamic behaviour. he gain and time contant of the firt order proce are hown in Eq (9). cknowledgement he author would like to thank to he Univerity of Surabaya for upport of thi work. Reference Dochain, D. (2008). Bioproce Control, John Wiley and Son, Inc. Sanchez, O.J., Cardona, C.. (2008). rend in Biotechnological Production of Fuel Ethanol from Different Feedtock, Bioreource echnology, 99, Fatmawati,., gutriyanto, R. (200). Steady State and Dynamic Gluconic cid Production by pergillu niger, Journal of Chemitry and Chemical Engineering, 4(7), Dodic, J.M., Vucurovic, D.G., Dodic, S.N., Grahovac, J.., Popov, S.D., Nedeljkovic, N.M., (202). Kinetic Modeling of Batch Ethanol Production from Sugar Beet Raw Juice, pplied Energy, 99, Bocanegra,.R.D., Munoz, J..., Lopez, R.. (205). Production of Bioethanol from gro- Indutrial Wate, Fuel, 49, Balat, M. (20). Production of Bio-ethanol from Lignocelluloic Material via the Biochemical Pathway: Review, Energy Converion and Management, 52 (2), an, L., Sun, Z.Y., Okamoto, S., akaki, M., ang, Y.Q., Morimura, S., Kida, K. (205). Production of Ethanol from Raw Juice and hick Juice of Sugar Beet by Continuou Ethanol Fermentation with Flocculating Yeat Strain KF-7, Bioma and Bioenergy, 8, Marlin,.E. (2000). Proce Control Deigning Procee and Control Sytem for Dynamic Performance, McGraw Hill. Rigg, J.B., Karim, M.N. (2006). Chemical and Bio-Proce Control, Pearon Prentice Hall. Seborg, D.E., Mellichamp, D.., Edgar,.F. (200). Proce Dynamic and Control, John Wiley and Son, Inc. 54
PI Control of a Continuous Bio-Reactor
PI Control of a Continuous Bio-Reactor Rudy Agustriyanto Deartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Surabaya (UBAYA), Surabaya, Indonesia; *Corresonding Author: rudy.agustriyanto@staff.ubaya.ac.id.
More informationInt.J.Curr.Res.Aca.Rev.2017; 5(10): 42-52
International Journal of Current Reearch and Academic Review ISSN: 2347-3215 (Online) Volume 5 Number 10 (October-2017) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcrar.com doi: http://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2017.510.007
More informationModel Based Control of Large Scale Fed-Batch Baker s Yeast Fermentation
Model Baed Control of Large cale ed-batch Baker Yeat ermentation Akif Hocalar and Mutafa Türker Pakmaya, P.K. 49, 4 İzmit, Kocaeli, Türkiye akifh@pakmaya.com.tr mutafat@pakmaya.com.tr Abtract : Two different
More informationEffectiveness and Exergy Destruction Analysis of Evaporator in Organic Rankine Cycle
Effectivene and Exergy Detruction Analyi of Evaporator in Organic Rankine Cycle Kyoung Hoon Kim, and Chul Ho Han Abtract---Thi paper carrie out a performance analyi baed on the firt and econd law of thermodynamic
More informationThe research of simplified method of calculating wind and rain loads and its validation
The reearch of implified method of calculating wind and rain load and it validation Xing FU 1) and Hong-Nan LI 2) 1), 2) Faculty of Infratructure Engineering, Dalian Univerity of Technology, Dalian 116024,
More informationEffect of HFTID Controller on the Stability of Thermal Power Generator
Effect of HFTID Controller on the Stability of Thermal Power Generator Anhuman Sehgal, Japreet Kaur, Parveen Lehana 2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Engineering College,
More informationModeling and Simulation of Biological Anaerobic Treatment of Sludge Resulted from Wastewater Treatment
Modeling and imulation of Biological Anaerobic Treatment of ludge Reulted from Watewater Treatment AUREL PREURĂ, LĂCRĂMIOARA DIANA ROBECU 2, ILEANA IRINA PANAITECU 3.C. RAJA Contanța.A. 22-24 Călărași
More informationValue intensity of water used for electrical energy generation in the Western U.S.; an application of embedded resource accounting
Value intenity of water ued for electrical energy generation in the Wetern U.S.; an application of embedded reource accounting Elizabeth A. Martin and Benjamin L. Ruddell Abtract Thi tudy evaluate the
More informationStudy of Enhanced Bioremediation in Treatment of Gas Condensates Contaminated Soil
Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 9, No. 4 (Autumn), 2012, IAChE Study of Enhanced Bioremediation in Treatment of Ga Condenate Contaminated Soil J. Shayegan, A. Babaee School of Chemical and
More informationMathematical Modeling of Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated With Spent Motor Oil
Journal of Emerging Trend in Engineering and Applied Science (JETEAS) 3 (4): 654-659 Scholarlink Reearch Intitute Journal, 1 (ISSN: 141-716) jetea.cholarlinkreearch.org Journal of Emerging Trend in Engineering
More informationExergy Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle with Internal Heat Exchanger
International Journal of Material, Mechanic and Manufacturing, Vol. 1, No. 1, February 21 Exergy Analyi of Organic Rankine Cycle with Internal Heat Exchanger Kyoung Hoon Kim, Hyung Jong Ko, and Se Woong
More informationSimultaneous Synthesis of Multi-Period Heat Exchanger Networks for Multi-Plant Heat Integration
757 A publication of CHEMICAL ENGINEERINGTRANSACTIONS VOL. 61 2017 Guet Editor:PetarSVarbanov Rongxin Su Hon Loong Lam Xia Liu Jiří J Klemeš Copyright 2017 AIDIC ServiziS.r.l. ISBN978-88-95608-51-8; ISSN
More informationReactive Power Management of a Wind Farm to Prevent Voltage Collapse of an Electric Power System
Reactive Power Management of a Wind Farm to Prevent Voltage Collape of an Electric Power Sytem R. M. Monteiro Pereira Intituto Superior Engenharia de Coimbra, Portugal rmfm@iec.pt C. M. Machado Ferreira
More informationThe Process-Value Model: A Systems View of the IST Value Chain
Aociation for Information Sytem AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) SAIS 2007 Proceeding Southern (SAIS) 3-1-2007 The Proce-Value Model: A Sytem View of the IST Value Chain William L. Lomeron lomeronw@nula.edu
More informationAn adaptive design approach for a geothermal plant with changing resource characteristics
An adaptive deign approach for a geothermal plant with changing reource characteritic M. Imroz Sohel 1,*, Mathieu Sellier 2, Suan Krumdieck 2 1 Scion, e Papa ipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua,
More informationPollution prevention with chemical process simulators: the generalized waste reduction (WAR) algorithm full version
Computer and Chemical Engineering 23 (1999) 623 634 Pollution prevention with chemical proce imulator: the generalized wate reduction (WAR) algorithm full verion Heriberto Cabeza *, Jane C. Bare, Subir
More informationA model for grain growth based on the novel description of dendrite shape
ARCHIVES of FOUNDRY ENGINEERING Publihed quarterly a the organ of the Foundry Commiion of the Polih Academy of Science ISSN (1897-3310) Volume 7 Iue 4/2007 183 188 36/4 A model for grain growth baed on
More informationMinimization of exergy losses in combustion processes with an illustration of a membrane combustion
Minimization of exergy loe in combution procee with an illutration of a membrane combution Markku J. Lampinen*, Ralf Wikten, Arto Sarvi, Kari Saari and Marjut Penttinen Aalto Univerity, Department of Energy
More informationINVESTIGATION OF THERMOSTAT-SET CONTROL AS A NEW DIRECT LOAD CONTROL METHOD
INVESTIGATION OF THERMOSTAT-SET CONTROL AS A NEW DIRECT LOAD CONTROL METHOD Canbolat Uçak canbolat@elk.itu.edu.tr Gökçe Dokuyucu gokce776@uperonline.com Department of Electrical Engineering Electrical
More informationLED IP PRIMER. One World LED 1026 South Road, Edwardstown, SA, 5039 p: (08) e:
LED IP PRIMER Thi brochure provide a quick overview of the patented innovation by and our partner around the world. The ytem and method invented by patent granted to One World LED how our commitment to
More informationPerformance evaluation of a ground source heat pump system based on ANN. and ANFIS models
Performance evaluation of a ground ource heat pump ytem baed on ANN and ANFIS model eijuan SUN a Pingfang HU a * Fei Lei a Na Zhu a Jiangning Zhang a a Huazhong Univerity of Science and echnology uhan
More informationULTRASENSITIVE MAGNETOMETERS BASED ON ROTATIONAL MAGNETIC EXCITATION. Evangelos Hristoforou 1, Peter Svec Sr. 2
ULTRASENSITIVE MAGNETOMETERS BASED ON ROTATIONAL MAGNETIC EXCITATION Evangelo Hritoforou, Peter Svec Sr. National TU of Athen, Greece, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratilava Received 7 April 04; accepted
More informationMODELLING OF AEROBIC REACTORS FOR LANDFILL METHANE OXIDATION.
Proceeding of the 13 th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology Athen, Greece, 5-7 September 13 MODELLING OF AEROBIC REACTORS FOR LANDFILL METHANE OXIDATION. I.M. MANCINI, S. MASI,
More informationInternational Journal of Mathematical Archive-8(6), 2017, Available online through ISSN
International Journal of Mathematical Archive-8(6), 27, 33-38 Available online through www.ijma.info ISSN 2229 546 BAYESIAN SPECIAL TYPE DOUBLE SAMPLING PLAN WITH BETA PRIOR DISTRIBTUTION Dr. S. JEYABHARATHI*
More informationFlocculation bioreactors engineering based problems
8th Conference SSCHE, Proceeding on CD ROM, Tatranké Matliare (SK), 5 May, Flocculation bioreactor engineering baed problem António A. Vicente - Joé A. Teixeira Centro de Engenharia Biológica IBQF, niveridade
More informationModal Response of Hydraulic Turbine Runners
1 (9) Modal Repone o Hydraulic Turbine Runner Q.W. LIANG Center o Indutrial Diagnotic and Fluid Dynamic (CDIF), Technical Univerity o Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain, quanwei@m.upc.edu C. G. RODRIGUEZ Center
More informationY. T. Puyate* and Z. R. Yelebe**
Y. T. Puyate, Z. R. Yelebe / International Journal of Engineering Reearch and Application (IJERA) ISSN: 48-96 www.ijera.com Vol., Iue 6, November- December 1, pp.93-911 Etimation Of Monod Kinetic Parameter
More information6/6/2012. HR Training and Development. Content. Training: concept. Training: concept. Training: concept. Training and Development: Concept
HR Training and Development UNIT 5 Content Concept and need of HR training and development Training need aement HR training: objective and method (on-the-job and off-the-job). Evaluation of training program
More informationModeling Available Soil Moisture Application Note
Modeling Availale Soil Moiture Application Note Gaylon Campell, Ph.D METER Group, Inc. (Formerly Decagon Device, Inc.) Pullman, WA Both the amount and the availaility of water in oil i important to plant
More informationInsects to feed the world.
Inect to feed the world. Contact Bühler Inect Technology Solution AG Gupfentrae 5 9240 Uzwil Switzerland Phone: +41 71 955 11 11 Bühler Inect Technology Solution Bühler Inect Technologie Co. Ltd. No. 88
More informationEquilibrium Sediment Transport and Evolution Trend Simulation of the Lower Yellow River
Senor & Tranducer, Vol. 21, Special Iue, May 213, pp. 135-141 Senor & Tranducer 213 by IFSA http://www.enorportal.com Equilibrium Sediment Tranport and Evolution Trend Simulation of the Lower Yellow River
More informationLevel control of small intake reservoir in hydraulic system with long and complex penstock - Implemented level control at Toro 3 HPP
September 013 Page 1 Level control of mall intake reervoir in hydraulic ytem with long and complex pentock - Implemented level control at Toro 3 PP Damir Dolenc, Mitja Klopčar, Jernej Mazij Litotroj Power,
More informationOnline Monitoring of Exhaust Gas Emissions of a Boiler with Diesel/Biodiesel Fuel Blends
Online Monitoring of Exhaut Ga Emiion of a Boiler with Dieel/Biodieel Fuel Blend Andrea Valdman *1, Maurício Bezerra de Souza Jr. 1, Roana Folly 1, Belki Valdman 1 1 School of Chemitry, Chemical Engineering
More informationCells and Cell Cultures
Cells and Cell Cultures Beyond pure enzymes, whole cells are used and grown in biotechnological applications for a variety of reasons: cells may perform a desired transformation of a substrate, the cells
More informationAn Optimal Real-time Pricing Algorithm for the Smart Grid: A Bi-level Programming Approach
An Optimal Real-time Pricing Algorithm for the Smart Grid: A Bi-level Programming Approach Fan-Lin Meng and Xiao-Jun Zeng School of Computer Science, Univerity of Mancheter Mancheter, United Kingdom mengf@c.man.ac.uk,
More informationModeling and Simulation of Grid Connected PV/WT Energy System Using Super-Capacitor
OR Journal of Engineering (ORJE) (e): 2250-3021, (p): 2278-8719 PP 01-07 www.iorjen.org Modeling and imulation of Grid Connected PV/WT Energy ytem Uing uper-capacitor V.Alexpandian 1,.hahid 2,.Revantha
More informationUnit Commitment in Smart Grid Considering Demand Response and Stochastic Wind Generation
J. Energy Power Source Vol. 1, No. 6, 2014, pp. 314-320 Received: September 8, 2014, Publihed: December 30, 2014 Journal of Energy and Power Source www.ethanpublihing.com Unit Commitment in Smart Grid
More informationAN ASSESSMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIALS IN NIGERIA USING BIOGAS
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Iue 11, November 2018, pp. 2938 2948, Article ID: IJCIET_09_11 292 Available online at http://www.ia aeme.com/ijciet/iue.ap?jtype=ijciet&vtype=
More informationINFLUENCE OF PRE-TREATMENT ON ENZYMATIC DEGUMMING OF APOCYNUM VENETUM BAST FIBERS IN SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE
THERMAL SCIENCE, Year 215, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 135-139 135 INFLUENCE OF PRE-TREATMENT ON ENZYMATIC DEGUMMING OF APOCYNUM VENETUM BAST FIBERS IN SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE by Shi-Hui GAO a,b and Chong-Wen
More informationCACHE Modules on Energy in the Curriculum: Fuel Cells
Abtract CACHE Module on Energy in the Curriculum: Fuel Cell In thi paper we demontrate how new technologie, in thi cae fuel cell, can be rapidly infued into the chemical engineering curriculum. Coure pecific
More informationModeling and Simulation of A Laser Deposition Process
Modeling and Simulation of A Laer Depoition Proce rank Liou*, Zhiqiang an*, Heng Pan*, Kevin Slattery**, Mary Kinella+, Joeph Newkirk*, and Hin-Nan Chou** *Univerity of Miouri Rolla, Rolla, MO, 65409 **
More informationBig Data computation for workshop-based planning support
Big Data computation for worhop-baed planning upport Jianguang Tu International School of Software Wuhan Univerity Wuhan, P.R.China Tujg1973@gmail.com Jianquan Cheng * School of Science and the Environment
More informationA Morphing Extrusion Die for Manufacturing of Thermoplastic Hoses THESIS
A Morphing Extruion Die for Manufacturing of Thermoplatic Hoe THESIS Preented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Mater of Science in the raduate School of The Ohio State Univerity
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Energy Procedia 48 (2014 )
Available online at www.ciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 48 (2014 ) 806 812 SHC 2013, International Conference on Solar Heating and Cooling for Building and Indutry September 23-25, 2013,
More informationResearch Article Azocasein Substrate for Determination of Proteolytic Activity: Reexamining a Traditional Method Using Bromelain Samples
Hindawi Publihing Corporation BioMed Reearch International Volume 2016, Article ID 8409183, 6 page http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8409183 Reearch Article Azocaein Subtrate for Determination of Proteolytic
More informationLand-Surface Models, Page 1
Land-Surface Model Introduction A land-urface model mut be able to accurately depict the interaction of the atmophere with the underlying urface land a well a the interaction of the ub-urface, or ubtrate,
More informationExamining the tradeoff between fixed pay and performance-related pay: A choice experiment approach
Examining the tradeoff between fixed pay and performance-related pay: A choice experiment approach JUNYI SHEN * Reearch Intitute for Economic and Buine Adminitration, Kobe Univerity KAZUHITO OGAWA Faculty
More informationJOURNAL OF THE. Agricultural Economics Council. L Northeastern 0,/IA-<- '-'-". ~. ' ) VOLUME Ill, NUMBER 2 OCTOBER 1974 NOV
C i.; ' I FOUNDI.\T!ON OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LIBRARY NOV 6 974 JOURNAL OF THE - L Northeatern Agricultural Economic Council ~ 0,/IA-
More informationFINITE ELEMENT INVESTIGATION ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN SHALLOW AND DEEP EXCAVATED TWIN TUNNELS
VOL. 13, NO. 1, JANUARY 18 ISSN 1819-668 6-18 Aian Reearch Publihing Network (ARPN). All right reerved. FINITE ELEMENT INVESTIGATION ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN SHALLOW AND DEEP EXCAVATED TWIN TUNNELS Adel
More informationenvironment of the Poyang Lake of the department of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang330031, China
doi:10.21311/002.31.10.20 Cot - Benefit Analyi of Green Building Baed on Input - Output Theory Liu Wei 1, 2, 3, Wu zhijiang 1 1 Eat China Jiaotong Univerity, Nanchang330013, China 2 The School of economic
More informationCharacteristics of Organic Rankine Cycles with Zeotropic Mixture for Heat Recovery of Exhaust Gas of Boiler
Available online at www.ciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 75 (2015 ) 1093 1101 The 7 th International Conference on Applied Energy ICAE2015 Characteritic of Organic Rankine Cycle with Zeotropic
More informationCarrier-Gas Enhanced Atmospheric Pressure Desalination (Dewvaporation): Economic Analysis and Comparison to Reverse Osmosis and Thermal Evaporation
Carrier-Ga Enhanced Atmopheric Preure Dealination (Dewvaporation): Economic Analyi and Comparion to Revere Omoi and Thermal Evaporation Noah Abba and Kehinde Adeoye Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Univerity
More informationCS Series Control Systems
CS Serie Control Sytem LOC Local Control Panel for Blower MAC Mater Controller for Proce Control Your ONE Solution for Blower Sytem CS Serie Blower Control Sytem Lone Star know Control Efficient operation
More informationDeoxidation of Liquid Steel with Molten Slag by Using Electrochemical Method
SJ nternational, Vol. 5 (0), No., pp. 767 77 Deoxidation of Liquid Steel with Molten Slag y Uing Electrochemical Method Guo-Hua ZHANG,,) * Kuo-Chih CHU,) and Fu-Shen L,) ) State Key Laoratory of Advanced
More informationModel of Integrated Production and Delivery Batch Scheduling Under JIT Environment to Minimize Inventory Cost
Proceeding of the 2014 International Conference on Indutrial Engineering and Operation Management Bali, Indoneia, January 7 9, 2014 Model of Integrated Production and Delivery Batch Scheduling Under JIT
More information3.4 BUTT FUSION WELDING
3.4 BUTT FUSION 3.4.1 INTRODUCTION The butt welding proce conit of the joining of two component (pipe and/or fitting) of equal diameter and thickne in which the urface to be welded are heated until melting
More informationWorking Party on Agricultural Policies and Markets
Unclaified AGR/CA/APM(2001)24/FINAL AGR/CA/APM(2001)24/FINAL Unclaified Organiation de Coopération et de Développement Economique Organiation for Economic Co-operation and Development 22-Jul-2002 Englih
More informationSolubility of Carbohydrates in Subcritical Water
Solubility of Carbohydrate in Subcritical Water Fernando Montañé 1, Tiziana Fornari 2, Elena Ibáñez 1, Keerthi Sriniva 3 Dongfang Zhang 3 and Jerry W. King *3 1 Intituto de Fermentacione Indutriale (CSIC).
More informationProject Summary. Multiple Water Reuse in Poultry Processing: Case Study in Egypt
United tate Indutrial Environmental Reearch Environmental Protection Laboratory Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 Reearch and Development EPA-600/2-83-005 Apr. 1983 Project ummary Multiple Water Reue in Poultry
More informationCalculation of crack width and crack spacing
Preented at Nordic Mini-eminar: Fibre reinforced concrete, Trondheim, November 5 th 2007. Calculation of crack width and crack pacing Ingemar Löfgren Thoma Concrete Group E-mail: ingemar.lofgren@tcg.nu
More informationDesign a Sustainable Supply Chain under Uncertainty using Life Cycle Optimisation and Stochastic Programming
151 A publication of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS VOL. 61, 2017 Guet Editor: Petar S Varbanov, Rongxin Su, Hon Loong Lam, Xia Liu, Jiří J Klemeš Copyright 2017, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l. ISBN 978-88-95608-51-8;
More informationModeling Suspended Sediments in Dez Basin (Case Study: The Tale Zang Hydrometric Station)
International Reearch Journal of Applied and Baic Science. Vol., 3 (2), 402-407, 2012 Available online at http://www.irjab.com ISSN 2251-838X 2012 Modeling Supended Sediment in Dez Bain (Cae Study: The
More informationExperimental Investigation of Sediment Trap Efficiency in Reservoirs
ENGINEER - Vol. XLVII, No. 0, pp. [1-8], 014 The Intitution of Engineer, Sri Lanka Experimental Invetigation of Sediment Trap Efficiency in Reervoir N.M.T.K. Revel, L.P.G.R. Ranairi, R.M.C.R.K. Rathnayake
More informationIndicative simplified baseline and monitoring methodologies for selected small-scale CDM project activity categories
III.AU./Verion 01 TYPE III - OTHER PROJECT ACTIVITIES Project participant hall apply the general guideline to SSC CDM methodologie, information on additionality (attachment A to Appendix B) and general
More informationConcept of Heat Recovery from Exhaust Gases
IOP Conference Serie: Material Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Concept of Heat Recovery from Exhaut Gae To cite thi article: Maria Bukowka et al 2017 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 245 052057
More informationTransportation of Hazardous Wastes in Arizona: Development of a Data Base Management System for Basic Analysis
Tranportation Reearch Record Tranportation of Hazardou Wate in Arizona: Development of a Data Bae Management Sytem for Baic Analyi A. ESSAM RADWAN, K. DAVD PJAWKA, ANDY SOESLO, and FURE-YOW SHEH ABSTRACT
More informationThe Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature and Time of Polypropylene on Quality of Carbon Nanotube with Flame Synthesis Method
Effect of Pyrolyi Temperature and Time of Polypropylene on Quality of Carbon Nanotube with Flame Synthei Method Prawati P.D.K Wulan,*, Juan Octavian Daniel Sidauruk 2, and Juli Ayu Ningtya 2 Department
More informationResearch on Fluoride Removal from Membranes Rejected Water
Environmental Engineering 10th International Conference eissn 2029-7092 / eisbn 978-609-476-044-0 Vilniu Gedimina Technical Univerity Lithuania, 27 28 April 2017 Article ID: enviro.2017.071 http://enviro.vgtu.lt
More informationManagement Science Letters
Management Science Letter 2 (2012) 3049 3054 Content lit available at GrowingScience Management Science Letter homepage: www.growingscience.com/ml Identification and prioritization of hazardou material
More informationTom-Reiel Heggedal and Karl Jacobsen
Dicuion Paper No. 536, April 2008 Statitic Norway, Reearch Department Tom-Reiel eggedal and Karl Jacoben Timing of innovation policie when carbon emiion are retricted: an applied general equilibrium analyi
More informationPerformance of Non-Condensing Steam Turbine by Using Energy and Energy Analysis
Performance of Non-Condening Steam Turbine by Uing Energy and Energy Analyi Mr. K.Lavanya, M.Tech Aitant Profeor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sanketika Vidya Parihad Engineering College, P.M.Palem,
More informationTWO-DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF LIQUID FUEL COMBUSTION IN BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED APPLIED FOR A FLUIDIZED FURNACE NUMERICAL SIMULATION
THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2018, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 1121-1135 1121 TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF LIQUID FUEL COMBUSTION IN BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED APPLIED FOR A FLUIDIZED FURNACE NUMERICAL SIMULATION
More informationThe Open Civil Engineering Journal
Send Order for Reprint to reprint@benthamcience.ae The Open Civil Engineering Journal, 206, 0, 83-825 83 The Open Civil Engineering Journal Content lit available at: www.benthamopen.com/tociej/ DOI: 0.274/8744950600083
More informationKNOWLEDGE MAPPING IN THAI WEAVING INDUSTRY
KNOWLEDGE MAPPING IN THAI WEAVING INDUSTRY Anyanitha Ditanont College of Innovation, Thammaat Univerity, Thailand anyanitha@yahoo.com Abtract: Knowledge i a valuable aet to any organiation epecially, the
More informationScienceDirect. Optimization active and reactive power flow for PV connected to grid system using Newton Raphson method
Available online at www.ciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 68 (2015 ) 77 86 2nd International Conference on Sutainable Energy Engineering and Application, ICSEEA 2014 Optimization active and
More informationKNOWN: Separate streams of air and water flow through a compressor and heat exchanger arrangement.
.00 Separate tream of air and water flow through the compreor and heat exchanger arrangement hown in Fig. P.00. Steady-tate operating data are provided on the figure. Heat tranfer with the urrounding can
More informationCoordinating a Supply Chain Consisted of One Supplier and One Retailer When Demand Disruption Happens
Management Science and Engineering Vol., No., 07, pp. 9-3 DOI:0.3968/947 ISSN 93-034 [Print] ISSN 93-035X [Online] www.ccanada.net www.ccanada.org Coordinating a Supply Chain Conited of One Supplier and
More informationEnhanced Biofilter Treatment of Urban Stormwater by Optimizing the Hydraulic Residence Time in the Media
Enhanced Biofilter Treatment of Urban Stormwater by Optimizing the Hydraulic Reidence Time in the Media Redahegn Silehi 1, Robert Pitt 2 and Shirley Clark 3 1 Graduate tudent, Dept. of Civil, Contruction,
More informationPRECIPITATION CALIBRATION TESTS August 12, 2009
BISHOP PAIUTE TRIBE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OFFICE PRECIPITATION CALIBRATION TESTS Augut 12, 2009 Thi report decribe the reult of everal precipitation calibration tet carried out in July 2009, following
More informationA Study of the Abilities of Pseudomona Aeruginosa and Pseudomonas Fluorescens to Degrade Diesel Oil
Journal of Emerging Trend in Engineering and Applied Science (JETEAS) 3 (3): 93 Scholarlink Reearch Intitute Journal, 1 (ISSN: 1171) jetea.cholarlinkreearch.org Journal of Emerging Trend in Engineering
More informationUp or Out? Economic-Engineering Theory of Flood Levee Height and Setback
Up or Out? Economic-Engineering Theory of Flood Levee Height and Setback Tingju Zhu 1 and Jay R. Lund 2 Abtract: Levee etback location and height are important iue in flood levee ytem deign and modification.
More informationACTUAL EROSION RATE MEASUREMENT AND SOIL LOSSES DEPTH AT COBAN RONDO SUB-WATERSHED, MALANG REGENCY OF INDONESA
J. Baic. Appl. Sci. Re., 2(1)593-598, 2012 2012, TextRoad Publication ISSN 2090-4304 Journal of Baic and Applied Scientific Reearch www.textroad.com ACTUAL EROSION RATE MEASUREMENT AND SOIL LOSSES DEPTH
More informationVoltage security assessment with high penetration levels of utility-scale doubly fed. induction generator wind plants.
Voltage ecurity aement with high penetration level of utility-cale doubly fed induction generator wind plant by Ryan Konopinki A thei ubmitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirement
More informationBiological sulphate reduction with primary sewage sludge in an upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor Part 5: Steady-state model
Biological ulphate reduction with primary ewage ludge in an upflow anaerobic ludge bed reactor Part 5: Steadytate model J Poinapen and GA Ekama 1 Water Reearch Group, Department of Civil Engineering, Univerity
More informationBachelor End Project: Characterization of the constitutive behavior of polymer foams
Bachelor End Project: Characterization of the contitutive behavior of polymer foam R. van Eijden MT 05.27 Coach: Dr. ir. J.A.W. van Dommelen Eindhoven, April 21t 2005 Content Content Abtract Lit of ymbol
More informationThe Microbiology of Sweet Water and Glycol Cooling Systems Used in HTST Pasteurizers in Fluid Milk Processing Plants in the United States
799 Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 5, No., Page 799-84 (November 989) Copyright International Aociation of Milk, Food and Environmental anitarian The Microbiology of weet Water and Glycol Cooling ytem
More informationFuzzy Sliding Mode Control with Constant Power Control for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Reearch Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology 5(3): 1059-1063, 013 ISSN: 040-7459; E-ISSN: 040-7467 Maxwell Scientific Organization, 013 Submitted: June 9, 01 Accepted: July 4, 01 Publihed:
More informationAdaptive prediction model accuracy in the control of residential energy resources
Delft Univerity of Technology Delft Center for Sytem and Control Technical report 08-013 Adaptive prediction model accuracy in the control of reidential energy reource R.R. Negenborn, M. Houwing, B. De
More informationUnited States Patent (19) Smith
United State Patent (19) Smith (54 CONTROL FOR A POWER PLANT COAL MILL PULVERIZER HAVING FEEDFORWARD DAMPER POSITONING 75 Inventor: 73) Aignee: William J. Smith, Verona, Pa. Wetinghoue Electric Corp.,
More informationKeywords: ILSS, Flexural Strength, Hybrid Polymer Composite, Curing, Epoxy Resin 5052, Vacuum Bagging.
American International Journal Reearch in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematic Available online at http://www.iair.net ISSN (Print): 2328-3491, ISSN (Online): 2328-3580, ISSN (CD-ROM): 2328-3629
More informationTHE POTENTIAL AND COST OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN AGRICULTURAL SOIL; EMPIRICAL STUDY OF DYNAMIC MODEL IN THE MIDWESTERN U.S.
THE POTENTIAL AND COST OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN AGRICULTURAL SOIL; EMPIRICAL STUDY OF DYNAMIC MODEL IN THE MIDWESTERN U.S. DISSERTATION Preented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree
More informationRESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE June 1 4, 2016
RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE June 1 4, 2016 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE CAPACITY OF BARRIER DECK ANCHORAGE IN MTQ PL-3 BARRIER REINFORCED WITH HM-GFRP BARS WITH HEADED ENDS Michael Rotami Department of Civil
More informationAfforestation Subsidy under Asymmetric Information and Transaction Cost in Developing Countries: Does rural capital market imperfection matter?
Afforetation Subidy under Aymmetric Information and Tranaction Cot in Developing Countrie: Doe rural capital market imperfection matter? Dambala Gelo, Steven Koch 2 Abtract Thi paper deal with the deign
More informationOPTIMAL MODE OF OPERATION OF BIOREACTOR FOR FERMENTATION PROCESSES
Chemical Engineering Scimce, Vol. 47. No. 15/16, pp. 3869-3884.1992. wa9-2509p2 55.00 + 0.00 Printed in Great Britain. 0 1992 PergPmon Pre Ltd OPTIMAL MODE OF OPERATION OF BIOREACTOR FOR FERMENTATION PROCESSES
More informationMapping of the Range of Operational Conditions for Cu-, Fe-, and Nibased Oxygen Carriers in Chemical-Looping Combustion
Submitted, accepted and publihed by: Chemical Engineering Science 62 (2007) 533 549 Mapping of the Range of Operational Condition for Cu-, Fe-, and Nibaed Oxygen Carrier in Chemical-Looping Combution Alberto
More informationAnalysis of Two-stage High- temperature Heat Pump Efficiency
Iue 5, Volume 6, 01 Analyi of Two-tage High- temperature Heat Pump Efficiency M. Jotanović, G. Tadić, J. rope, D. Goricanec Abtract The paper how the potential benefit of uing low temperature heat ource
More informationIER. The explicit modelling. for renewable electricity in TIMES
Univerität Stuttgart IER Intitut für Energiewirtchaft und Rationelle Energieanwendung Report on Work Package B-1 of the ETSAP Project Integrating policy intrument into the TIMES Model The explicit modelling
More informationHeterogeneity in Producer s Marketing Strategy
Heterogeneity in Producer Marketing Strategy Tong Zhang Reearch Aitant Department of Agricultural Economic Oklahoma State Univerity 42C Ag Hall Phone no. 405-744-9797 Email: tong.zhang0@oktate.edu Wade
More informationStudies concerning the genetic analysis of grain number/spike in winter wheat
Volume 15(2), 203-206, 2011 JOURNAL of Horticulture, Foretry and Biotechnology Studie concerning the genetic analyi of grain number/pike in winter wheat Ciulca S. 1 *, Madoa E. 1, Ciulca Adriana 1, Velicevici
More informationLight parameterization in MOHID
Author I Kenov, M Mateu, G Franz Date 211-12-7 Verion 1. Verion Control Verion Date Editor MOHID Codeplex Reviion Number Comment. 14/11/21 I Kenov 71195 Draft verion 1. 21/11/21 M Mateu 71263 Firt verion
More information