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1 Testing Status of Agents at NTP CAS Registry Number: Selected information from two of the National Library of Medicine's databases: ChemIDPlus 1 and HSDB 2. Names (NTP) () Structure Polyethylene AS ETHENE, HOMOPOLYMER (9CI) () Chemical Properties 2 Property Description Color/Form Plastic solid of milky transparency Odor Taste Boiling Point Melting Point 240 deg F (low density polyethylene);; 275 deg F (high density polyethylene) Molecular Weight 1500 to 100,000 Corrosivity ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 1/9

2 Critical Temperature & Pressure Density/Specific Gravity (low density polyethylene);; 0.95 (high density polyethylene) Disassociation Constants Heat of Combustion Heat of Vaporization log P (octanol-water) ph Solubilities Soluble in organic solvents above 200 deg F Spectral Properties Surface Tension Vapor Density Vapor Pressure Negligible at 25 deg C Relative Evaporation Rate Viscosity Other Properties Tensile strength 1500 psi (low density polyethylene);; 4000 psi (high density polyethylene) () 2 Packaging film (especially for food products), paper coating, liners for drums and other shipping containers, wire and cable coating, toys, cordage, refuse and waste bags, chewing gum base, squeeze bottles, electric insulation. /low density polyethylene/ ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 2/9

3 Blow molded products, injection molded items, film and sheet, piping fibers, gasoline and oil containers. /high density polyethylene/ Polyethylene is used for a variety of purposes in cosmetics, including as an abrasive, adhesive, binder or bulking agent, an emulsion stabilizer, a film former, an oral care agent, and as a non-aqueous-viscosity increasing agent. The medical uses of Polyethylene include dentistry, plastic stents in the treatment of malignant biliary structures, micro-sutures used in gynecology microsurgery, intrauterine contraceptive devices, strips in breast augmentations, and orthopedic implants. Major uses of polyethylenes include hot-melt adhesives for applications requiring high temperature performance, additives to improve the processing of plastics, slip and rub additives for inks and paints. Some by-product polyethylene waxes have been recently introduced. Laboratory tubing;; in making prostheses;; electrical insulation;; packaging materials;; kitchenware;; tank and pipe linings;; paper coatings;; textile stiffeners. CHEMICAL PROFILE: Major uses of polyethylene in 2003 Major uses of polyethylene in 2003 (percent) Film 60 Injection molding 16 Rotomolding 9 Wire and cable 5 Sheet 2 Pipe 1 Other (including extrusion coating, adhesives and sealants, and blow molding) 7 CHEMICAL PROFILE: Major uses of high-density polyethylene in 2003 Major uses of high-density polyethylene in 2003 (percent) Blow molding 40 Injection molding 20 Film 20 Pipe and conduit 13 ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 3/9

4 Sheet 6 Wire and cable 1 CHEMICAL PROFILE: Major uses of high-density polyethylene in 2006 in the US Major uses of high-density polyethylene in 2006 (percent) Blow molding 40 Injection molding 19 Film 19 Pipe and conduit 16 Sheet 5 Wire and cable 1 CHEMICAL PROFILE: Major uses of low-density polyethylene in 2006 in the US Major uses of low-density polyethylene in 2006 (percent) Film 55 Extrusion coating 22 Injection molding 8 Wire and cable 4 Adhesives and sealants 2 ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 4/9

5 Sheets 2 Blow molding 1 Miscellaneous (including pipe, conduit and rotomolding) 6 CHEMICAL PROFILE: Major uses of linear low-density polyethylene in 2006 in the US Major uses of linear low-density polyethylene in 2006 (percent) Film 66 Injection molding 9 Rotomolding 5 Wire and cable 3 Sheets 1 Pipe 1 Miscellaneous (including extrusion coating, adhesive and sealants, and blow molding) 15 CHEMICAL PROFILE: European uses: High-density polyethylene's (hdpe) main outlet is in blow-molded products such as milk bottles, packaging containers, drums, car fuel tanks, toys, and houseware. Film and sheet are widely used in wrappings, refuse sacks, carrier bags, and industrial liners. Injection molding products include crates, pallets, packaging containers, houseware, and toys. Extrusion grades are used in pipes, conduit, wire coating, and cable insulation. CHEMICAL PROFILE: European uses: Linear low-density polyethylene (lldpe) is a thermoplastic that in many applications replaces its predecessor, low-density polyethylene (ldpe), or is used in blends with ldpe. In particular, lldpe's short chain branching gives it higher tensile strength, puncture and anti-tear properties, making it especially suitable for film applications. Other uses include injection molding products and wire and cable. Metallocene-based lldpe resins are penetrating the film and packaging markets due to their enhanced physical properties, while catalyst developments should improve their processability. () Superlist Classes 1 Overall Carcinogenic Evaluation: Group 3 () Notes (Sources: NTP,HSDB,RTECS,MESH) 1 ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 5/9

6 () Other Registry Numbers ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 6/9

7 ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 7/9

8 () Synonyms (Sources: NTP, HSDB,RTECS,MESH) 1 Alathon 7140 Alathon 7511 Alcowax 6 Aldyl A Alithon 7050 Alkathene Allied PE 617 Alphex FIT 221 Ambythene Amoco 610A4 Bakelite DFD 330 Bakelite DHDA 4080 Bakelite DYNH Bareco polywax 2000 Bareco wax C 7500 Bicolene C BPE-I Bralen KB 2-11 Bulen A Carlona PXB Courlene-X3 Epolene C Epolene E Epolene N Etherin Ethylene polymer Grex HI-Fax Hizex HSDB 7602 () Links to Additional Information 1 DailyMed ( DART ( 4+@term+@org+DART) DrugPortal ( EMIC ( 4+@term+@org+EMIC) Haz-Map ( ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 8/9

9 Household Products ( 4&tbl=TblChemicals&prodcat=all) HSDB HSDB Mob MeSH ( MeSH Heading ( PubChem ( [synonym]) PubMed ( cmd=search&db=pubmed&cmd_current=limits&term=polyethylene+or [rn]) PubMed Cancer ( cmd=search&db=pubmed&cmd_current=limits&pmfilter_subsets=cancer&term=polyethylene+or [rn]) PubMed Mob ( PubMed Toxicology ( cmd=search&db=pubmed&cmd_current=limits&pmfilter_subsets=toxicology&term=polyethylene+or [rn]) TOXLINE TOXLINE Mob 4+%22%22+polyethylene) () Footnotes 1 () Source: the National Library of Medicine's ( ChemIDPlus ( 11/28/ () Source: the National Library of Medicine's ( Hazardous Substance Database ( 11/28/2012. The NTP is located at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences ( part of the National Institutes of Health ( ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=e8840a92-bdb5-82f8-fb5dd1b2c7df9934 9/9

EPOLENE Polymers. Primary Applications

EPOLENE Polymers. Primary Applications EPOLENE Polymers Westlake Chemical Corporation offers a series of medium to low molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene polymers under the Epolene polymers trade name. They are useful in the plastics