Introduction to the project

Transcription

1 Introduction to the project Strategic Rice Cultivation for Sustainable Low Carbon Society Development in South East Asia ARCP NMY Towprayoon Expert meeting on State of the Art of Rice Cultivation Practices in South East Asia 2 3 June 2011 Bangkok Thailand

2 ARCP: Annual Regional Call for Research Proposal lprogramme Two years project Contributing parties Thailand Lead PI JGSEE CEE, KMUTT Indonesia Co PI Bogor University it Japan Co PI NIAES CEE PERDO 2

3 Food and Fuel Competition Global l rice plantation ti area covers 12.5% of the total t crop plantation ti area. The production of rice amounts 659 millions tones annually, and is consumed by 281 billion people worldwide, corresponding to an impact of 164 billion US dollars per year on the world economy. South East Asia (SEA) is the major rice plantation area, which cover 30.0% 0% percent of the world plantation. ti Maximizing rice yield in this region is essential to increase global food stock. Climate and energy crisis strongly influence the regional rice production. Temporary or permanently conversion of rice plantation area into oil palm and other energy crop cultivation have been observed in Thailand and Indonesia. 3

4 Strategic Rice Cultivation for Sustainable Low Carbon Society Development in South East Asia What is strategic rice cultivation enabling to solve both climate and energy security issues by rotating rice with energy crops in order to fully utilize the rice plantation fallow period to optimize rice and energy feedstock. Proposed cultivation practice aims at reducing GHGemissions while increasing potential longterm soil carbon stock by optimizing land use change and cultivation practice 4

5 Strategic rice cultivation 5

6 Strategic Rice Cultivation for Sustainable Low Carbon Society Development in South East Asia Why Sustainable low carbon society Sustainable development will be considered in terms of enhancing economic and social benefits while developing a low carbon society to bring down the net GHG emissions. Strategic rice cultivation practice enabling SEA to develop towards a sustainable low carbon society while enhancing the adaptive capacity in the agriculture sector. 6

7 Sustainable low carbon society Farmer income increase Energy security Yield increased Energy Crop utilization Environmental benefit Emission reduced Rice crop rice Soil carbon stock increased Sustainability 7

8 Objectives To develop sustainable ti low carbon agriculture in SEA through improved cultivation practices of rice andenergycrops (crop rotation), To develop long term field studies to measure, monitor and evaluate the impacts of various cultivation practices on climate change and identify potential adaptive measures and mitigation options, To enhance regional capacity of scientists and policy makers in SEA to contribute to sustainable low carbon development of their society. 8

9 Goal Indentify strategic rice cultivation enabling SEA to develop towards a sustainable low carbon society in agricultural sector Outp puts Report and database SEA rice cultivation practice and potential energy crops Identification of country specific condition Data of GHG and soil C Comparative evaluation of selected crop rotation practices. Identification of feasible sustainable rice energy crop regimes GIS map of GHG and C stock SEA Inventory database Assessment of C budget under existing and sustainable regime in SEA Result of long term soil carbon storages Comparative assessment of soil carbon sequestration Assessment of mitigation options for low carbon in the agricultural sector. Capacity building on inventories of GHG emissions and carbon stock Capacity building on mitigation options towards a low carbon society Activit ties Activity I: Review of rice cultivation practices and energy crops rotation in SEA Activity II: Long term monitoring of GHG emissions and soil carbon dynamics from rice cultivation and energy crops rotation Activity III: Capacity assessment of GHG emissions and soil carbon stock form various cultivation practices in SEA Activity IV: Long term soil carbon dynamic assessment from sustainable low carbon cultivation using process model 9

10 7 countries in SEA 7 countries in SEA AI :Review of rice cultivation practices and use of energy crops for rotation in SEA AV : Knowledge dissemination to scientists and policy makers in SEA Thailand field research Japan AII: Long term monitoring of GHG emissions and soil carbon dynamics from rice cultivation and utilization Thailand and Indonesia energy crops for rotation AIII : Capacity assessment of GHG emissions and soil carbon stock from sustainable cultivation practices in SEA AIV:Long term soil carbon dynamics assessment of sustainable low carbon cultivation using process model 10

11 Activity ii I and assessed to evaluate the state-of- the-art of the regional traditional practices and potential for introducing selected ec ed energy e crops to be cultivated in rotation with rice. Selected SEA experts on agriculture sector will be invited to join the expert meeting co-organized by Thailand to help assess and confirm the review study. Review of rice cultivation practices Dli Deliverables: : and use of energy crops for rotation Report on the state-of-the-art of in SEA rice cultivation practice and use of Information on current rice energy crops as the potential cultivation practices in SEA including rotation crops for SEA countries. land management will be reviewed Database of rice cultivation practice of each country in SEA Identification of country specific rice cultivation practices and potentials for energy crop cultivation li i in SEA countries Background data for preparation of Activity II and III 11

12 Activity ii II Long term monitoring i of GHG Gemissions i Deliverables: and soil carbon dynamics from rice Data of long term monitoring of cultivation and utilization energy crops GHG emissions and soil carbon for rotation tti dynamics from specific riceenergy crops cultivation Assess the GHG emissions and soil carbon dynamics from studied ricetti cultivation system. practices. energy crop rotation Selected energy crops will be cultivated Comparative evaluation of in rice field experiment plots during selected crop rotation practices in fll fallow period at KMUTT Ratchaburi hb term of carbon cycle, economic campus in Thailand.. and social benefits, barriers, best Continuous monitoring on trace gas practice issues, etc. emissions, soil carbon stock, biological Identification of feasible and physical changes of above ground sustainable rice energy crop and below ground biomes will be examined cultivation practices underwell defined conditions. 12

13 Capacity assessment of GHG Assessing the capacity of C budget in GIS database of GHG emissions and GIS maps of emissions resulted from existing and sustainable cultivation practices will be developed. Activity ii III C i f G G Dli Deliverables: emissions and soil carbon stock from GIS maps of GHG emissions sustainable cultivation practices in from rice fields vs. SEA cultivation practices in SEA. terms of emission and soil carbon stock GIS map of carbon stock of in rice fields in SEA. SEArice fields. Database of GHG emissions mitigation options obtained from inventory using ALU activity I and II will be prepared to serve software. as input to a GHG emission inventory Assessment of C budget of software program, i.e. ALU software. rice cultivation system under existing and sustainable practices in SEA. 13

14 Activity IV: Long term soil carbon dynamics Deliverables: assessment of sustainable low Informative data on long term soil carbon cultivation using process carbon storage vs. selected rotation model crops and cultivation practices. The assessment of long term soil Comparative assessment of soil carbon storage and sequestration of carbon sequestration under selected the feasible rice energy crop system rice energy crops rotation regime. will be conducted using monitoring Assessment of appropriate and modeling data. cultivation practices as mitigation Relevant data generated from activity options for development of low II will be used as input into existing carbon emission in agriculture sector. process modeling tools, i.e. DNDC, for analyzing the time series i change in carbon storage vs. the corresponding GHGs emissions. 14

15 Activity V: Knowledge dissemination to scientists and policy makers in SEA Build capacity of the scientists and policy makers in SEA in terms of understanding the strategic approach of sustainable rice cultivation management that would lead to lower GHG emissions while increasing energy crop production. The project closing workshop will be conducted in Thailand with invited participants from selected SEA countries. Deliverables: Capacity building of scientists on inventories of GHG emissions and carbon stock as well as process modeling tools Capacity building of scientists and policy-makers on mitigation options in the agricultural sector for a low carbon society. 15

16 Activity I Expert Meeting on State of the Art of Rice Cultivation Practices in South East Asia Objective The objective of this expert meeting is to share information with stakeholders from SEA including: Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, on current practices of rice cultivation in the region, including state of the art of rice cultivation practices and ways towards more sustainable cultivation practices including reduced GHG emissions, crop rotation, and enhanced livelihood for farmers 16

17 Mechanisms: Special lecture Activity ii I Country report Discussion and brainstorm Expected output Understanding rice cultivation practice in SEA Potential to implement strategic rice cultivation in rice field of SEA 17

18 Thank you 18