Strip-Till Soybean Production John Gaska, Derek Potratz, Spyridon Mourtzinis and Shawn Conley Senior Research Agronomist, Graduate Student, Post Doc
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1 Strip-Till Soybean Production John Gaska, Derek Potratz, Spyridon Mourtzinis and Shawn Conley Senior Research Agronomist, Graduate Student, Post Doc and Professor of Agronomy College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison
2 Does Strip Tillage or Fertilizer Placement Influence the Soybean Row Spacing Yield Response? Strip tillage adoption in corn and soybean has increased Can alleviate cold, compacted soils in rotated production systems Potential agronomic benefits earlier planting dates warmer soil temperatures greater fertilizer efficiencies less soil disturbance and fertilizer incorporation soybean yield response to strip till has tended to be less consistent than in corn The Objective of this study is: Quantify the effect of strip tillage and fertilizer placement on soybean stand establishment and seed yield
3 Strip Tillage Research Two small-plot studies at Arlington Agricultural Research Station Previous crop corn Replicated RCB design 4 row by Remlinger strip-till unit with shanks set to till 6 deep All strip till treatments in spacing regardless of the soybean row spacing Fertilizer ( lbs/a N-P-K ) was applied either on the surface prior to strip tilling or deep banded with the strip tiller Two large field-scale trials in Sharon, WI Previous crop corn Replicated RCB design Kuhn Krause Gladiator strip till unit (12 row by ) All strip till treatments in spacing Fertilizer ( lbs/a N-P-K ) was applied either on the surface prior to strip tilling or deep banded with the strip tiller
4 Small plot research Strip tillage equipment Field scale research 4 row by Remlinger strip-till unit Gandy fertilizer applicator boxes Kuhn Krause Gladiator strip-till unit 12 row by Montag fertilizer applicator
5 Field scale plots
6 treatments All strips were on centers Small plot #1 treatments Treatment Tillage Soybean row space Fertilizer 1 Fall strip 15" Surface 2 Fall strip " Surface 3 Spring strip 15" Surface 4 Spring strip " Surface 5 No-till 15" Surface 6 No-till " Surface 7 Spring strip 15" Banded 8 Spring strip " Banded Treatment Small plot #2 treatments Tillage Soybean row space Fertilizer 1 Spring strip 15" Surface 2 Spring strip " Surface 3 Spring strip 15" Banded 4 Spring strip " Banded 5 No-till 15" Surface 6 No-till " Surface Treatment On-farm treatments Tillage Soybean row space Fertilizer 1 Spring strip 15" Surface 2 Spring strip " Surface 3 Spring strip 15" Banded 4 Spring strip " Banded 5 No-till 15" Surface
7 Strip tillage and planter alignment corn row spacing Strip till for soybean planting For soybean planted into corn, set strip-till steering shift 15 For 15 soybean planted into corn, set strip-till steering shift 7.5
8 Penetration resistance by depth Small plot experiments Penetration Resistance (kpa) Custom leaf barrier Depth (cm) Shank depth----- No-till
9 Penetration resistance by depth On-farm and small plot Penetration Resistance (kpa) Penetration Resistance (kpa) Depth (cm) Shank depth----- No-till Depth (cm) No-till On-farm experiments All trials
10 Canopy closure Canopeo: rapid green canopy cover measurement tool App or desktop version with MatLab
11 Effect of row spacing on canopy closure Small plot data with fall strip-till treatments Canopy Closure (%) " " Signigficantly Different 10 0 Date
12 Effect of row spacing on canopy closure Small plot data combined over all spring treatments Canopy Closure (%) " " LSD (0.10) = NS Date
13 Effect of strip tillage on plant population On-farm trials Plants/a Banded 4 On Farm Surface 15 No-till 5 Surface 15 1 Banded 15 3 Surface 2 LSD (0.10) = NS
14 Effect of strip tillage on soybean yield Small plots trials A B Yield (bu/a) NT row spacing ST
15 Effect of strip tillage on soybean yield On-farm trials A AB AB Yield (bu/a) BC C Surface 2 Banded 4 Surface 15 1 Banded 15 3 Surface 15 No-till 5
16 Effect of strip tillage on soybean yield On-farm trials LSD (0.10) = NS Yield (bu/a) Banded 4 Surface 15 1 Banded 15 3 Surface 2 Surface 15 No-till 5
17 Early season growth of plants in strip-till (ST) and non-strip tilled (NST) rows ST NST ST NST ST
18 Determining yield of individual rows Visual difference in growth Individual row harvest
19 Yield of individual row harvest On-farm experiments A Yield (bu/a) A B B A B In Strip Between Strip In Strip Between Strip No-till No-till on on 15 on on 15 on on Treatment # Tillage Row Spacing Fertilizer 1 Strip 15" Surface 2 Strip " Surface 3 Strip 15" Banded 4 Strip " Banded 5 No-till 15" Surface
20 Daily high soil temperature by date Small plot data with fall strip tillage treatments optimal germination temperature. Soil Temperature ( o F) No-Till High Spring High 48 Begin planting temperature. Fall Strip-Till High Air 38
21 Daily average soil temperature by date Small plot data with fall strip tillage treatments Soil Temperature ( o F) No-till Avg Spring Avg Fall Avg Air 45 Begin planting temperature. 40
22 Strip-Till Soybean Production Conclusions and lessons learned Hybrid between no-till and conventional till Ability to apply fertilizer below soil surface (P) and planter guidance setup very important if using 15 soybean rows and strips Early growth of soybean rows in non-strip tilled rows were visibly less vigorous than those in the adjacent strip tilled rows
23 Strip-Till Soybean Production Conclusions and lessons learned Small plots Penetration resistance was reduced in the top 7 of the soil profile where strip tillage was used vs no till Plant stands at V1 in the row spacing were significantly higher than in 15 row spacing 2 year results: In no-till only, 15 row spacing significantly outyielded row spacing by 14.9 bu/a In no-till plots, in-furrow fungicide application significantly improved yield by 7.7 bu/a Strip tillage significantly out yielded no-till by 10.4 bu/a in row spacing plots.
24 Strip-Till Soybean Production Conclusions and lessons learned On-farm 2017 All strip tillage row treatments yielded significantly higher than the no-till 15 row treatment No differences among tillage or fertilizer placement treatments were noted
25 thesoyreport.blogspot.com
Website:
The Following Information was presented at the 2015 Cereals & Oilseeds Workshop by Dr. Shawn Conley and should not be copied or reproduced without his permission. Website: www.coolbean.info Twitter: @badgerbean
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