Coordination: G.M. PAPIEROK

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1 PRe-clinicAl studies of a PSA-based human vaccine candidate targeting visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis and Development of the associated procedures for further clinical trials. Coordination: G.M. PAPIEROK Institut Pasteur Paris 24 th Sept., 2010

2 LIST OF BENEFICIARIES (8 partners) Beneficiary Organization Name Beneficiary Short Name Specialisation Country Virbac SA VIRBAC Veterinary pharmaceutical industry FRANCE Consulting Group ALMA Consulting company FRANCE Syncrosome SYNCROSOME Preclinical studies FRANCE Indian Council of Medical Research Institute of pathology ICMR Visceral leishmaniasis INDIA Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia UPCH Tegumentary leishmaniasis PERU Institut Pasteur de Tunis IPT Cutaneous and Visceral Leishmaniasis TUNISIA Institut de Recherche pour le Développement UMR177 IRD Parasitic immunobiology FRANCE Instituto de Salud Carlos III ISCIII Diagnosis and immunology SPAIN

3 WHY THIS CONSORTIUM COMPOSITION? An historical private-public partnership: VIRBAC + IRD Other labs and clinics covering a broad panel of: Leish species clinical forms of Leish human infections technical specificities for A SIGNIFICANT COMPLEMENTARITY

4 OUR PARTNERS IN THE WORLD

5 STORY OF THE LEISHMANIA VACCINES DEVELOPMENT Phase 1: 1995 / 2003 Bio Veto Test (BVT) IRD Development of Canileish vaccine (5 patents, 10 publications) Phase 2: 2003 / 2009 VIRBAC (acquisition of BVT) IRD End of development, launch of Canileish in 2011 in Europe Phases 1 & 2 obtained several grants (from French government ), establishment of several consortiums and international specific relations. FROM A LEISH VACCINE FOR THE DOG RESERVOIR TO A HUMAN VACCINE Phase 3: 2009 / 2012 RAPSODI Program Extension to human vaccine

6 STORY OF THE LEISHMANIA VACCINES DEVELOPMENT SUMMARY A Leish vaccine for the dogs RESERVOIR Canileish VIRBAC Academic research + veterinarian pharmaceutical industry 2011? - A Leish vaccine for humans and 2 nd generation vaccine for dogs RESERVOIR Academic research + veterinarian and human pharmaceutical industries VACCINES FOR DOGS RESERVOIR AND HUMANS

7 BASIS OF THESE DEVELOPMENTS PSA: Protein Surface Antigen ESP: Excreted Secreted Proteins of Leishmania infantum. ESP is the active principle of the dog vaccine Canileish PSA is the major immunodominant active constituent of these ESP Remarkable PSA properties on different animal species

8 SCHEMATIC PSA SEQUENCE «Promastigote Surface Antigen» family Hydrophobic leader peptide N-glycosylation L RR domain GPI anchor site PSA Hydrophobic peptide Hydrophobic amino-terminal signal peptide involved in the secretion pathways Leucine Rich Repeats domain (24-25 aa) Poly P/T/S region (O-glycosilation?) Cystéine rich region

9 THE REMARKABLE PSA PROPERTIES PSA is present in most, even if all Leishmania species (enable possible cross-species protection) PSA is expressed as secreted and membrane anchored forms in both promastigote and amastigote stage PSA is the major constituent and the major immunodominant antigen of ESP (Bras Gonçalves et al., submited) Native PSA confered a high degree of protection against murine experimental infection associated with a strong Th1-type cellular response (Handman et al., Infect. Immun,1995.) PSA is involved in parasite attachment and invasion of host macrophages (Kedzierski et al, J Immunol., 2004; Lincoln et al., Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 2004 (PSA virulence nature confirmed by aditionnal/substractive trangenesis, Bras Gonçalves et al., submited) LRR proteins were implicated in molecular process as important as protein-protein interactions, cell-adhesion, signal transduction, resistance to pathogens (plants), DNArepair and RNA processing

10 NATIVE RECOMBINANT PSA PSA gene Novel Leishmania tarentolae protein expession system (LEXSY, Jena Bioscience) Conservation of Leishmania-type posttranslational protein modifications of PSA including glycosilation, phosphorilation and disulfide bond formation Production of Native recombinant PSA

AVAILABLE SOURCE OF NATIVE RECOMBINANT PSA Native recombinant PSA can be produced in significant

amazonensis Peptide signal Site de N-glycosylation LRR Signal ancrage GPI Sélection des mutants par

culture concentré 50 fois par ultrafiltration sur membrane Pall 3 Kda et diafiltré en tampon tris ph 7.

(Amersham Bioscience) E FT W C+ Sélection des clones recombinants Séquençage de l insert Western Blot

11 AVAILABLE SOURCE OF NATIVE RECOMBINANT PSA Native recombinant PSA can be produced in significant amount, without particular risk and with a high degree of purification ADNc PSA de L. amazonensis Peptide signal Site de N-glycosylation LRR Signal ancrage GPI Sélection des mutants par ajout de nourséothricine dans le milieu de culture (clonage non obligatoire) NcoI Mutagénèse par PCR Ligation dans le vecteur pf4x1.sat digéré NcoI/NotI NotI 6(HIS) Culture de masse des mutants (fermenteur 60 litres) Surnageant de culture concentré 50 fois par ultrafiltration sur membrane Pall 3 Kda et diafiltré en tampon tris ph 7.5. Protein detection Sugar coloration Transformation bactéries Top10 Passage sur His Trap FF 5 ml (Amersham Bioscience) E FT W C+ Sélection des clones recombinants Séquençage de l insert Western Blot avec un AC monoclonal anti-psa Transfection de L. tarentolae par électroporation (450V, 450 µf) Rendement: 2 à 3 mg de PSA/l de culture Non pathogenic L. tarentolae recombinant expression system 2-D analysis

12 VACCINAL CANDIDATE TODAY WITH PSA ESP with PSA: Canileish vaccine VIRBAC Recombinant PSA RAPSODI program Peptides from PSA (3 peptides induce a protective immune response in dogs)

13 MAIN GOAL OF THE RAPSODI PROJECT The main goal of the project is to develop: - a human vaccine candidate targeting most, if not all, Leishmania species, - and all the associated procedures and methods required for the subsequent clinical trials (i.e. selection of the appropriate population, assessment and follow up of vaccine efficacy and evaluation of the impact of future human vaccination trials on disease s prevalence).

14 RAPSODI SUMMARY: global aim of RAPSODI To develop a human vaccine candidate against most or all Leishmania species that cause the most severe leishmaniasis in the world. An unique vaccinal solution will thus be provided to protect against the various clinical phenotypes (namely visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneaous leishmaniasis, VL, CL and ML respectively). To establish all the associated procedures required for the subsequent clinical trials, such as the selection of the appropriate population and assessment and follow-up of vaccine efficiency. PHASE I TRIAL Human Vaccine candidate Efficacy and follow-up assay Population selection assays Work plan (7 WPs): WP1 Pre-clinical V L trials on dogs Form ulation Antigen production WP5 VL, CL, ML Ex vivo antigen efficacy assessm ent on human cells WP3 PCR tools Immunological m arkers of resistance WP4 Genetic m arkers of resistance WP6 Training and technology transfer WP0 Project management WP2 Recruitment of human groups

15 PROJECT ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE & DECISION-MAKING PROCESS EUROPEAN COM MISSION COORDINATOR (VIRBAC) Contractual follow-up Strategic decisions Scientific support SC IE NT IF IC C O O RD IN AT O R (IR D) Management support Technical & strategic implementation STEERING COM MITTEE One representative of each partner Management support Reporting MANAGEMENT TEAM Operational manager (ALMA) Exploitation manager (VIRBAC) Dissemination manager (ISCIII) Ethics manager (IPT) Ad m in istrative/ financial follow-up WP0 Leader VIRBAC WP1 Leader VIRBAC WP2 Leader IPT WP3 Lead er ISCIII WP4 Leader IRD WP5 Leader IM T A vh WP6 Leader ISCIII RAPSODI CONSORTIUM MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE

16 WORK PACKAGE 3 WP3: definition of parasitological & immune features of resistance Work package number WP3 Start date or starting event: M1 Work package title Definition of parasitological and immune features of resistance Activity type RTD Beneficiary number Beneficiary short name VIRBAC IRD ISCIII ICMR UPCH IPT Personmonths per beneficiary Deliverables D 3.1 : Blood and tissue assay to detect low-level Leishmania infection in human (ISCIII, M12) D 3.2 : Serological methods establishing immunological status of human patients in relation to Leishmania infection (ISCIII, M24) D 3.3 : Immunological methods to distinguish presumed immunological resistants to reinfection from possible active infected patients (ISCIII, M24) D 3.4 : Commercially available predictive diagnosis test (VIRBAC, M36)

17 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE HUMAN VACCINE CANDIDATE Req 1: Synthetic Leish vaccine: peptide or recombinant prot. (affordable to the population in need, stable, easy to produce ) (WP1) Req 2: A vaccine for all Leish species (WP1, WP5) Req 3: A vaccine taking into account the high polymorphism of HLA molecules (WP1, WP5)

18 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE HUMAN VACCINE CANDIDATE Req 4: Establishment and standardization of all associated procedures and methods required for efficient vaccination trials (WP1, WP3, 4, 5) selection of appropriate population assessment and follow up of the vaccine efficiency evaluation of the impact of future human vaccination trials on the disease s prevalence Req 5: Specific biological samples from different individual groups (recruitment strategy) (WP2) Req 6: Training partners on common standardized protocols and dissemination to scientific community (WP6)

19 FINAL OUTPUT OF RAPSODI RAPSODI s outputs Dissemination level Statemement in Sept, 2010 Partner in charge Human synthetic vaccine candidate Patent In progress VIRBAC / IRD Standardized protocol for clinical management Publication OK** WP2 partners Gold standard PCR method for low-level parasitemia assessment Publication In progress* ICSIII Standardized laboratory protocol for WHO, OIE and Leish specific labs Publication In progress All partners Predictive immunoassays (1 qualitative and 1 quantitative) for population selection and immunoassay for vaccination follow up Marker set for genetic susceptibility assessment (population selection) Patents _*** VIRBAC Patent In progress IRD Methods to evaluate parasitic index in experiences of macrophage/parasite interaction Publication In progress WP4 partners Fundamental knowledge on innate and acquired immunity that characterize individuals with resistance to (re)infection Publication --- All partners In progress*: data in progress OK**: data finished, OK for publications _***: requirements of more data

20 They ll have my skin soon!!!!! Researcher Leishmania

Development of genetically modified live attenuated parasites as potential vaccines against visceral leishmaniasis

Development of genetically modified live attenuated parasites as potential vaccines against visceral leishmaniasis Poonam Salotra National Institute of Pathology (ICMR) New Delhi Impact of Visceral Leishmaniasis