Global Mercury Observation System - GMOS

Transcription

1 Global Mercury Observation System - GMOS WP-3: Ground-Based Observation System Francesca Sprovieri CNR - Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research Division of Rende, Italy Kick-off Meeting - GMOS Project November 2010 Aula Marconi Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazzale Aldo Moro 8, 00185, Rome, Italy

2 Rationale of WP-3 Currently, there is not a globally coordinated atmospheric mercury monitoring network that would allow to evaluate source-receptor relationships at hemispheric scale and validate global scale atmospheric mercury models for policy evaluation.

3 On-Going Programs Northern Hemisphere. Atmospheric Hg measurements performed since the early 80 s at selected European sites as part of the EMEP of the UNECE-LRTAP Convention; as part of European projects, (MAMCS, MOE and MERCYMS) a first attempt was made to establish an European Hg measurement network; as part of International programs (i.e., WMO- GAW, IGAC-IGBP) and at sites in place in USA, Canada (NADP/CAMNet) which is part of NADP/MDN. Southern Hemisphere. Relatively few observations of atmospheric Hg have been carried out especially in remote locations and in the Southern Hemisphere with the exception of those at Cape Point in South Africa and some oceanographic campaigns.

4 WP-3 3 overall Goal WP-3 will establish the ground-based observation system that will include currently running key monitoring stations in Europe and abroad, and newly established stations at high altitude and sea level locations able to intercept major atmospheric transport patterns of Hg emissions from natural and anthropogenic sources.

5 Criteria adopted to Select Ground-based sites The co-location of Hg measurements with on-going atmospheric monitoring programs such as GAW, EMEP,,CAMNet, AMAP was the most efficient approach to realise a coordinated global observation system for Hg to have a complete data set including other key constituents necessary to better understand the global redistribution of Hg and the key processes in global and regional atmospheric mercury models; Currently atmospheric Hg models are limited by the lack of observational data at different latitudes (Northern/Southern hemisphere) and elevations, to identify the impacts of local, regional and hemispheric transport patterns, emission sources, deposition fluxes and clearly also the impacts of future socio-economic development on regional and continental scales;

6 Criteria adopted to Select Ground-based sites The global observation system will result by integrating already established ground-based sites with new stations located both at high altitude and sea level locations, in climatically diverse regions to provide a comprehensive assessment of Hg concentrations and their dependence on local meteorology, long-range atmospheric transport and atmospheric emissions.

7 Expected Impact of WP-3 Activity Long-term data will be provided through the ground-based monitoring network involving nearly 40 stations globally distributed and located in areas crossed by major atmospheric transport patterns of air pollutants; Harmonizing SOPs for Hg measurements at ground-based sites will allow to improve our understanding on key dynamic processes affecting the Hg cycle with changing climate and meteorological conditions. The observations provided by the global monitoring network will be a state-of-the-art data will be used to validate global and regional scale models adopted in GMOS as well as those used in the framework of activities within major international programs (i.e., UNEP F&T, AMAP, GEO/GEOSS) and conventions (i.e., UNECE-LRTAP, TF-HTAP) where several GMOS partners play a key role;

8 WP-3 3 Partnership Part. no. Participant organisation name Acronym WP-3 Contact Country 1. CNR-Institute of CNR-IIA Francesca Sprovieri f.sprovieri@iia.cnr.it Italy Atmospheric Pollution Research 2. Norwegian Institute for Air NILU Josef M. Pacyna jp@nilu.no Norway Research 3. Swedish Environmental IVL John Munthe john.munthe@ivl.se Sweden Institute 4. Institute Jozef Stefan JSI Milena Horvat milena.horvat@ijs.si Slovenia 5. INIBIOMA CONICET Universidad Nacional del Comahue INIBIOMA Maria C. Dieguez dieguezmc@gmail.com Argentina 6. Institut francais de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer IFREMER Daniel Cossa dcossa@ifremer.fr France 7. Instituut voor Toegepast Technologisch Onderzoek INTEC Dennis Wip d.wip@uvs.edu dwip_02@yahoo.com Suriname 9. University of Venice UNIVE Carlo Barbante barbante@unive.it Italy 10. National Environmental AU Henrik Skov hsk@dmu.dk Denmark Research Institute, Aarhus University 11. GKSS Research Center GKSS Ralf Ebinghaus ralf.ebinghaus@gkss.de Germany 12. Université Joseph Fourier UJF Aurélien aurelien.dommergue@lgge.obs.ujfgrenoble.fr France Dommergue 13. University of York UoY Katie Read km519@york.ac.uk UK 14. Institute of Geochemistry, IGCAS Xinbin Feng xinbin.feng@mail.gyig.ac.cn China Chinese Academy of Sciences 15. Associação dos APLBA Paulo Artaxo artaxo@gmail.com Brazil Pesquisadores do Experimento LBA 18. Joint Research Centre JRC Bernd Manfred bernd.gawlik@jrc.ec.europa.eu Belgium Gawlik 19. Anna University Chennai IOM-AUC R. Ramesh rramesh_au@yahoo.com India 20. South African Weather Service 21. National Institute for Meteorology and Geophysics 22. Kenya Meteorological Department 23. Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia 24. Saint Petersburg State University SAWS Ernst-Günther Brunke Ernst.Brunke@weathersa.co.za South Africa INMG Ester Araujo Brito inmg.presidente@gmail.com Capo Verde KMD Peter Bundi pbundi_2000@yahoo.com Kenya IAPS Atis Skudra askudra@latnet.lv Latvia SPBSU Nikolay R. Mashyanov nrm@lumex.ru Russia

9 WP-3 3 Specific Objectives To establish a robust observational system that incorporates already existing, multiple observational platforms and methods; To integrate additional existing monitoring sites that are part of ongoing regional and national programs with the aim to improve our knowledge on intercontinental and (inter)hemispheric transport of atmospheric mercury; To develop a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in cooperation with other existing programs in the world in order to assure comparability of observations and high quality data following the principle of GEO / GEOSS; To establish a high-quality and consistent data base for atmospheric mercury on a global scale, that has undergone strict QA/QC procedures.

10 WP-3 3 Tasks and Partners role... Task 3.1 Retrieval of past atmospheric mercury measurements at ground-based sites (CNR-IIA, All partners of WP-3); Task 3.2 Training program for site managers (IVL, CNR-IIA, JSI, INIBIOMA, IFREMER, INTEC, UNIVE, AU, GKSS, UoY, IGCAS, APLBA, JRC, IOM-AUC, SAWS, INMG, KMD, SPBSU); Task 3.3 Set-up of GMOS ground-based monitoring sites (CNR-IIA, IVL, JSI, INIBIOMA, IFREMER, INTEC, UNIVE, AU, GKSS, UoY, IGCAS, APLBA, JRC, IOM-AUC, SAWS, INMG, KMD, SPBSU);

11 GMOS Ground-based monitoring stations

12 Master and Secondary Ground-based Sites in GMOS

13 Measurements foreseen at the Master and Secondary Stations Master ground-based Sites Major Hg chemical forms: Continuous TGM/Hg0, RGM and Hg-p measurements in ambient air (integrated automated system); Continuous Hg in precipitations (Bulk and Wet-only); Secondary ground-based Sites Continuous TGM/GEM measurements in ambient air (automated mercury analyzer/new devices based on the gas-diffusion technique) Continuous Hg in precipitations (Bulk);

14 Questions to discuss and related problems to solve General Site Characteristics: What is the distance from your site to your laboratory? How much time does it take an operator to travel between the site and the laboratory? How frequently does an operator visit your site? How frequently could an operator visit your site? What method of transportation would an operator use to access your site? What is the distance from your site and/or laboratory to the nearest shipping location? What are the power capabilities at your site?

15 Hg in ambient air: Questions to discuss and related problems to solve What type of analyzer/set up of equipment will be used at Master and Secondary Stations? What will be the sampling frequency? What acquisition system will be used for data transfer from all monitoring stations? What are the logistical problems related to the frequency of site maintenance and the use of a gas carrier (i.e., argon), especially for remote sites?

16 Questions to discuss and related problems to solve Hg in precipitation: Which sites (Master, Secondary or both) are able to collect precipitation samples for Hg analysis? What collector(s) will be (possible) used? (bulk, wet-only, both)? What will be the frequency of collection (event, weekly, monthly)? What are the logistical problems related to the shipping of samples to the three analytical laboratories (IVL, JSI and CNR-IIA)?

17 Questions to discuss and related problems to solve Hg in precipitation (continued): How far will the samples need to travel from your site or laboratory before reaching a shipping location (i.e. will you have to travel to a major city in order to access a major postal service)? How long and in what way will samples be stored at the sites before/during transport to the analytical laboratories? What are the possible method (which major postal service you would use) of shipping (i.e., by plane, boat ) samples between your location and the analytical laboratories (IVL, JSI, or CNR-IIA)? How frequently will you be able to send/receive a crate of samples/supplies to/from the analytical laboratories?

18 ...WP-3 3 Tasks and Partners role Task 3.4 Intercomparison campaigns (IVL, CNR-IIA, JSI, INIBIOMA, IFREMER, INTEC, UNIVE, AU, GKSS, UoY, IGCAS, APLBA, JRC, IOM- AUC, SAWS, INMG, KMD, SPBSU); Task 3.5 Management of the continuous measurement program at all sites (CNR-IIA, All partners of WP-3) - the analysis of all precipitation samples, cleaning and distribution of the sample bottles to all sites will be managed by selected laboratories (IVL, JSI, CNR-IIA); Task 3.6 QA /QC of ground-based measurements (CNR-IIA, JSI, IVL, JRC, GKSS); Task 3.7 Development of the data base reporting all ground-based measurements (CNR-IIA, IVL, GKSS, APLBA).

19 Timing of WP-3 3 Activity

20 Description of Deliverables

21 Relevant Milestones

22 WP-3 3 Activity in the Next Two Years Explore existing high-quality data base generated over the past years as part of on-going national/regional programs and during focused EUprojects (MAMCS, MOE, MERCYMS); Preparation and Implementation of SOPs and QA/QC protocols in close cooperation with WP-6 for monitoring atmospheric Hg species at all GMOS ground-based sites to assure high quality and comparability of data; Organize Workshops involving GMOS partners and/or GMOS external Partners on SOPs elaboration and implementation to facilitate the use and exchange of measurements data;

23 WP-3 3 Activity in the Next Two Years Planning and execution of Training for technicians and Station program managers (Theoretical and Practical Workshop) in close cooperation with WP-6, to assure a correct implementation of SOPs at each GMOS site and provide knowledge transfer between GMOS and external networks to facilitate the harmonization of methods and interpretation of results; Planning and execution of Small-scale Intercomparison Campaigns to compare different equipment/analysers and methods used. These exercises could also include intercomparison of new monitoring devises concerning GEM/TGM measurements which could be expecially used in remote areas;

24 Thank you for your attention!!