Lesson 1.3 Interactions in Ecosystems

Transcription

1 Lesson 1.3 Interactions in Ecosystems Thursday May 8, 2014.

2 Examine this energy pyramid. Match each tier with one of the following organisms and trophic levels from a given ecosystem. Organisms: rabbits, coyote, grass, bear Trophic levels: producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers

3 Biotic Interactions Competition two or more organisms competing for the same resource in a given habitat examples: competing for a mate (goats) Why is it beneficial for a species to compete for mates? for similar species to coexist, they must have slightly different niches i.e. warblers in diff. parts of tree

4 Biotic Interactions Predation one organism eats another organism to obtain food How do organisms avoid becoming prey? mimicry: one species looks like another species What kinds of adaptations do predators have to better seek out their prey?

5 Biotic Interactions

6 Biotic Interactions

7 Biotic Interactions

8

9 Biotic Interactions Symbiosis close interaction between two different species in which members of one species live in, on or near members of another species 3 main types: mutualism: both species benefit e.g. ant called leaf-cutter and fungus commensalism: one species benefits from host with no harm to the host e.g. bird nesting in a tree parasitism: one species benefits at the expense of the host e.g. ticks on dogs

10 Biotic Interactions What does this type of symbiosis (parasitism) reveal about creation?

11 Characteristics of Populations What happens to resources in a given habitat when the population begins to grow? each individual gets less, and resources deplete faster they become stressed and some die after a while there are fewer births and more deaths eventually births = deaths and the population reaches equilibrium once the numbers in the population stops growing, the population has reached its carrying capacity What happens to given environment if a species exceeds its carrying capacity for a long time?

12 Carrying Capacity Why?

13 Deer Overpopulation in Hamilton

14 Factors that Affect Populations in Ecosystems limiting factor: environmental factor (biotic or abiotic) that prevents an increase in the number of organisms in a population OR prevents a population from moving into new habitats What are some examples of abiotic/biotic factors that are also limiting factors?

15 Factors that Affect Populations in Ecosystems in order for an ecosystem to remain sustainable, a population cannot exceed its carrying capacity by much or for long REMEMBER: the goal of sustainability is to meet the needs of a present generation of individuals without affecting the ability of future generations to meet their needs

16 Deer Overpopulation in Hamilton

17 REVIEW of Thursday

18 What type of species interaction is this photo showing? competition predation mimicry mutualism commensalism parasitism

19 What type of species interaction is this photo showing? competition predation mimicry mutualism commensalism parasitism

20 What type of species interaction is this photo showing? competition predation mimicry mutualism commensalism parasitism

21 What type of species interaction is this photo showing? competition predation mimicry mutualism commensalism parasitism

22 What type of species interaction is this photo showing? competition predation mimicry mutualism commensalism parasitism

23 What type of species interaction is this photo showing? competition predation mimicry mutualism commensalism parasitism

24 What type of species interaction is this photo showing? competition predation mimicry mutualism commensalism parasitism

25 Other 1.3 Terms... Carrying Capacity? Limiting Factor? Equilibrium?

26 What type of species interaction is this photo showing?

27 Where else can you learn about animals? WEDNESDAY MAY 28

28 Movie time! Watch the video and find as many examples of the following as you can. Make a table. v=onu4wdoapws&list=plxqhcrsqnoudf16q1ph4glnmu9mgnuve4&index=8 competition predation mimicry mutualism commensalism parasitism limiting factor