Chapter 20. Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna
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1 Chapter 20 Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna
2 FYI s Progress Reports Tests did NOT go on them in time if you want me to make a correction, I will Timeline turn in by Wednesday
3 A look ahead This week: Chapter 20 Discussions (Napoleon, Congress of Vienna, Romanticism) Ch 20 Project (Major grade) in Library Lab Thurs, Fri, Mon Next week: Final Review next Tues, Wed, Thurs We have the last final on Friday
4 FOCUS QUESTION How did Napoleon both preserve and depart from Revolutionary ideals?
5 Early Life Born in Corsica 1769 (Italian) Island had just been sold to France by the state of Genoa Born Napoleone Buonaparte Went to school and military school in France
6 Wife: Josephine
7 Napoleon s Rise to Power Earlier military career the Italian Campaigns: Defeated much larger Austrian army (Austria was part of the First Coalition against France)
8 Napoleon s Rise to Power Earlier military career the Egyptian Campaign: Napoleon was allowed to invade Britain He knew the naval fleet was not ready so he invaded Egypt instead
9 Egyptian Campaign ( ) Initial victories in Egypt Forces were stranded after naval fleet was destroyed by British (Battle of the Nile) Napoleon abandoned army to return to France
10 Battle of the Pyramids
11 Battle of the Nile
12 Europe in 1800
13 CONSULATE ( ) Coup overthrows Directory November 9, Replaces it with a threemember consulate Napoleon is First Consul Dismissed Assembly - appointed a senate Consul for Life
14 The Government of the Consulate Council of State Proposed the laws. Served as a Cabinet & the highest court. Tribunate Debated laws, but did not vote on them. Legislature Voted on laws, but did not discuss or debate them. Senate Had the right to review and veto legislation.
15 Reforms of the Consulate Banque de France Lycee
16 Concordat of 1801 Agreement between Pope Pius VI & Napoleon to make peace Napoleon didn t really care about religion saw it as a political tool Concordat terms: Catholicism was majority religion in France Clergy still paid by the state, bishops still appointed by state, but Pope could depose Church did not regain land lost during Revolution
17 Napoleonic Code (1804) Reflected the principles of the Revolution (equality, rights, abolition of feudalism) Reversed some revolution legislation, particularly concerning women (property, divorce, etc) Create one law code for France.
18 The Influence of the Napoleonic Code Wherever it was implemented (in the conquered territories), the Code Napoleon swept away feudal property relations.
19 Louisiana Purchase 1803 Sold to raise funds for war
20 The Empire ( )
21 Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon & the Empress Josephine, 1806 by David December 2, 1804
22 Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon & the Empress Josephine, 1806 by David
23 Napoleon s Throne
24 Napoleon s Bed Chamber
25 Josephine s Bedroom
26 The Imperial Image
27 Neo-Classical Architecture Napoleon s Tomb
28 Napoleonic Europe
29 Napoleon s Major Military Campaigns Crowned King of Italy on May 6, 1805
30 Crossing the Alps, 1805 Paul Delaroche
31 Napoleon s Major Military Campaigns Battle of Trafalgar (1805) Napoleon s fleet is destroyed by the British
32 Battle of Trafalgar
33 Napoleon s Major Military Campaigns Battle of Austerlitz (1805) Napoleon victory HRE dissolved Confederation of the Rhine created
34 Treaty of Tilsit (1807) Peace agreement between Napoleon and Alexander I of Russia Confirmed France s gains of territory throughout Central Europe Prussia lost half its territory to France Prussia s King Frederick William III agreed to ally with Napoleon against Great Britain (so did Russia, but secretly)
35 Napoleon s Family Rules! e e e e e e e Jerome Bonaparte - King of Westphalia. Joseph Bonaparte - King of Spain Louise Bonaparte - King of Holland Pauline Bonaparte - Princess of Italy Napoleon Francis Joseph Charles (son) - King of Rome Elisa Bonaparte - Grand Duchess of Tuscany Caroline Bonaparte - Queen of Naples
36 Napoleon s Downfall The Continental System The Peninsular War Invasion of Russia
37 The Continental System (1806) Napoleon tried to blockade British ships/trade with Continental Europe Ultimately failed states resented growing French power
38 The Continental System
39 Napoleon s Divorce Statement (1807) Far from ever finding cause for complaint, I can to the contrary only congratulate myself on the devotion and tenderness of my beloved wife. She has adorned thirteen years of my life; the memory will always remain engraved on my heart.
40 Marie Louise (of Austria) - Married Napoleon in Napoleon wanted an heir
41 Marie Louise (of Austria) with Napoleon s Son (Napoleon Francis Joseph Charles: )
42 Peninsular War ( ) Portugal did not comply with the Continental System. France wanted Spain s support to invade Portugal (had been allies until that point) Spain refused, so Napoleon invaded Spain as well (1808)
43 Peninsular War ( ) Attempt to drive the French out of the peninsula Aided by the British and Spanish guerillas War ended when Paris was invaded and occupied in 1814
44 Napoleon s Empire in 1810
45 Napoleon in His Study 1812 by David
46 The Big Blunder - Russia In July, 1812 Napoleon led his Grand Armee of 614,000 men eastward across central Europe and into Russia. Over the next six months, army wiped out by freezing temperatures, food shortages, disease Scorched Earth Russians would burn crops/countryside as they retreated (sometimes even cities)
47 Napoleon s Troops at the Gates of Moscow September 14, 1812
48 Moscow Is On Fire
49 Russian General Kutuzov Borodino
50 Napoleon s Retreat from Moscow (Early 1813)
51 The 6 th Coalition : France vs. Britain, Russia. Spain, Portugal, Prussia, Austria, Sweden, smaller German states
52 Napoleon s Defeat at Leipzig (October 16-17, 1813) Battle of the Nations Memorial
53 Napoleon Abdicates Allied forces occupied Paris on March 31, Napoleon abdicated on April 6 in favor of his son, but the Allies insisted on unconditional surrender. Napoleon abdicated again on April 11. Treaty of Fontainebleau exiles Napoleon to Elba with an annual income of 2,000,000 francs. The Congress of Vienna restored Louis XVIII to the throne.
54 Napoleon s Abdication
55 Napoleon in Exile on Elba
56 Louis XVIII (r ) Takes power again in France
57 The Congress Of Vienna
58 The Hundred Days (March 20 - June ) Napoleon escapes Elba & returns to Paris Louis XVIII flees Napoleon defeated at the Battle of Waterloo
59 The Battle of Waterloo (June 18, 1815)
60 Napoleon on His Way to His Final Exile on St. Helena
61 St. Helena
62 Napoleon s Residence on St. Helena
63 Napoleon in Exile
64 The Death of Napoleon
65 Napoleon s Tomb
66 The Arc de Triomphe Honors those who fought in Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
67 The Congress of Vienna tomorrow
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