Trade flows and barriers affecting single-use climate-friendly goods
|
|
- Aileen Caldwell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Trade flows and barriers affecting single-use climate-friendly goods - René Vossenaar, ICTSD Consultant WTO, Geneva, 1 July 2010
2 BACKGROUND ICTSD studies on climate change and trade Sectors: Mapping of climate-friendly technologies. Identification of products and components associated with these technologies, including in HS codes. Drivers of technology deployment, trade. Trade, tariff and NTB analysis. Supply of renewable energy. Residential and commercial buildings. Transport sector. WTO: climate-related EGs in proposals listed in TN/TE/19, 22 March List of 43 climate-friendly EGs by the World Bank. 2
3 CLIMATE-RELATED SINGLE-USE EGs Definition of climate-related single-use EGs used in the paper: Goods that are used exclusively or predominantly for climate-related environmental purposes. Are traded internationally. Examples of internationally traded products: Goods used in harnessing renewable energy (such as photovoltaic cells and modules, wind turbines, and hydraulic turbines). Renewable energy products (such as biofuels). Products that use RE as an energy source (such as electric and certain hybrid vehicles). Materials that are predominantly used for the insulation of buildings. Certain energy-saving products, while in use (e.g. compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) which find a perfect match in a specific 6-digit HS code). 3
4 PRACTICAL ISSUES Ex-out items: Ideally, single-use EGs should be defined at the 6-digit HS level. Possible only in very few cases (e.g. HS : wind-powered generation sets). Many single-use EGs defined as ex-out items may represent only a very small portion of trade captured by a particular HS tariff item. Included in the trade analysis if there is a reasonable indication that trade may be driven by the deployment of climate-related technologies. More detailed national/regional tariff schedules and industry surveys. Components: In general would not qualify as products with single environmental use. However, certain components, such as electronic control components, while being applied in several end-use sectors, are predominantly used to make energy use more efficient or to facilitate RE generation. Such components could be considered as single-use EGs. 4
5 PRODUCT SELECTION FOR TRADE ANALYSIS Definition used for single-use EGs largely excludes multiple-use goods: Environmental benefits of trade liberalisation of multiple-use products (which may have both environmental and non-environmental applications) are less certain. Difficult to know whether and to what extent trade in multiple-use products is driven by climate-related technologies. Products have been selected based on: Pragmatic considerations (such as the extent to which they can be identified in existing tariff schedules and the availability of data). Current and potential importance in terms of trade flows. From different sectors covered by technology mapping studies. 5
6 EXPORTS OF SELECTED SINGLE-USE EGs, 2008 HS Climate-related single-use EGs World, excl intra-eu value $m structure % value $m Developing countries structure % share in world % 2207ex Fuel bioethanol Various Building insulation /12 Hydraulic turbines Heat pumps ex SWH Wind turbines CFL Solar PV devices ex Electric cars Thermostats Total Source: COMTRADE 6
7 COMPARING WITH EGS PROPOSALS World exports (excluding intra-eu trade) Climate-related single-use environmental goods: $ 51b Climate related goods in EGs proposals: $ 200b* Developing country exports Climate-related single-use environmental goods: $ 30b Climate related goods in EGs proposals: $ 83b* Developing country imports Climate-related single-use environmental goods: $ 18b Climate related goods in EGs proposals: $ 103b* * Based on proposals listed in TN/TE/19, 22 March 2010 (45 6-digit HS items) 7
8 Trade barriers WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANT BARRIERS? ICTSD studies: tariffs are, in general, less significant as an explanatory variable for increased exports or imports of RE equipment and components compared to other variables. The deployment of RE technologies and investment in EE largely driven by policy targets, regulations and incentives. Tariff liberalisation alone likely to have relatively little impact. However, high bio-ethanol tariffs have significant impacts on trade (bioethanol is considered an agricultural product in WTO context). WRI study on the wind-energy industry: NTBs and formal and informal barriers that distort firms investment decisions (rather than import tariffs) are the principal obstacles to global integration. NTBs, subsidies and other incentives may affect opportunities for developing country producers to participate in global supply chains. 8
9 Tariffs MFN-APPLIED TARIFFS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Climate-related single-use EGs: China: MFN applied tariffs are mostly in the 8-12% range Simple average close to 10%. India: Most MFN applied tariffs are either 7.5 or 10% Simple average 8%. Brazil: simple average of MFN applied rates around 12%. Solar PV cells and panels (part of HS ) enter most markets dutyfree: 99.5% per cent of 2008 world imports of (in value terms, excluding intra-eu trade) enjoyed zero MFN applied rates (for developing country importers: 98.5%). In many developing countries MFN applied rates for solar water heaters (part of HS ) are rather high. 9
10 MFN APPLIED TARIFFS MFN applied Bound Insulation products Hydraulic turbines Heat pumps SWH MFN applied bound Wind turbines CFLs PV cells Vehicles Thermostats Source: WTO Tariff Download Facility 10
11 MFN APPLIED TARIFFS IN SELECTED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Argentina (2004) Brazil (2009) Chile (2009) China (2008) Chinese Taipei (2009) Colombia (2009) Costa Rica (2009) Ecuador (2007) Egypt (2009) Hong Kong, China (2009) India (2008) Korea, Rep. (2009) Malaysia (2008) Mexico (2009) MFN applied Bound Morocco (2002) Pakistan (2009) Philippines (2008) Qatar (2009) Saudi Arabia (2008) Singapore (2009) South Africa (2007) Thailand (2009) Tunisia (2008) Turkey (2008) United Arab Emirates (2007) Source: WTO Tariff Download Facility 11
12 IMPLEMENTING TARIFF REDUCTIONS AT NATIONAL LEVEL Most single-use EGs analysed are finished products. Experience shows that many developing countries have already implemented a variety of autonomous tariff liberalization measures, in some cases to facilitate imports of finished products and in other cases to facilitate imports of intermediate products with a view to supporting the development of domestic manufacturing capacities. Developing countries may need a certain period of time to address possible trade-offs with a view to enabling them to participate in and benefit from trade liberalisation as pursued in the EGS negotiations. In the longer term, tariff reductions of both finished and intermediate products may help to reduce costs and stimulate innovation. 12
13 NTBs NON-TARIFF BARRIERS Local-content requirements (in both developed and developing countries). These have been applied, for example, in the wind-energy sector, and are increasingly used for solar-energy projects. Differing industrial standards and certification requirements. These may affect several categories of EGS, including wind turbines, PV panels and heat pumps. Political quid-pro-quo expectations may exist, in principle, in cases wherein governments provide subsidies and other incentives (especially when incentives provided through stimulus packages). Trade in biofuels is affected by high import tariffs on fuel ethanol, varying fuel-quality standards for biodiesel, subsidies to domestic producers and, increasingly, sustainability regulations. 13
14 SUBSIDIES AND OTHER INCENTIVES Government subsidies (e.g. grants, tax credits, preferential loans, loan guarantees) for residential installation of RE equipment and EE improvements, productive capital, and production of renewable-energy-based electricity or renewable fuels. Feed-in tariffs to encourage the deployment of RE technologies for electricity generation Possible trade implications: Incentives and regulations have been instrumental in creating demand for single-use EGs (including EGs imported from developing countries). Subsidies for strengthening manufacturing capacities in developed countries may affect the opportunities for manufacturers in developing countries, to participate in international supply chains. 14
15 Trade flows TRADE IN CLIMATE-RELATED SINGLE-USE EGs Trends in period Favourable context for trade in climate-related single-use EGs: World trade (excluding intra-eu trade) increased by 80%. Annual grid-connected solar PV capacity additions increased from 900 MW in 2004 to 5400 MW in Annual wind-power capacity additions increased from 8200 MW in 2004 to MW in Largest increase in developing country exports: In absolute terms: PV cells and modules, bioethanol, CFLs, wind turbines. In terms of growth rates: wind turbines; hydraulic turbines, PV cells and modules; bioethanol. 15
16 DEVELOPING COUNTRY EXPORTS Climate-related single-use EGs Share of developing countries in world exports (excluding intra-eu trade) All products PV cells and modules Wind turbines Other single-use EGs Remarks: In some cases exports represent little value added. Companies exporting from developing countries include subsidiaries of TNCs and locally-owned companies that operate as contract manufacturers or under licensing agreements with foreign companies. 16
17 Wind turbines DEVELOPING COUNTRY IMPORTS Developing country imports of climate-related single EGs also increased (93% compared to 74% increase in total imports of manufactured products), but at a much slower pace than in developed countries Less subsidies and other incentives to create markets for climaterelated EGs (import-duty exemptions for components - which, in general, are not counted as single-use EGs - rather than finalised products). Imports of components mostly excluded from analysis. Local manufacturing capacities in solar PV industry expanded throughout the supply chain (HS includes solar cells). Share of developing countries in world imports fell from 44% in 2004 to 33% in
18 WIND ENERGY Global market for wind turbine installations $ 63 billion in 2009 (GWEC). World market: 37.5 GW in 2009, China became largest market (13.9 GW). US imports key driver of international trade (almost two thirds of the increase in world trade, excluding intra-eu trade, in ) USITC study: from 1998 to 2005 changes in US imports of wind turbines were closely correlated with changes in annual wind-turbine installations. This correlation has weakened as domestic manufacturing capacity has increased (see next slide). FDI may become more important than exports (WRI study). Apart from China and India, other developing countries are developing wind-energy capacity and may have a stake in the EGS negotiations. 18
19 US: ANNUAL WIND CAPACITY ADDITIONS AND IMPORTS OF WIND TURBINES Annual wind-energy capacity additions (10 GW) (US$2.3b) Imports of wind turbines (US$ values) Source: USITC, updated 19
20 WIND TURBINES: TARIFF AND NTB ISSUES MFN applied tariffs in developing countries are, on average, low (5%). Tariff structures may be relevant for countries that are developing domestic manufacturing capacities. In China and India tariff rates applied to wind turbines are roughly the same as those applied to key components (around 8% in China and 7.5% in India). Tariff protection may have played some role in supporting the development of manufacturing capacities in India and China (more important in the latter case were local-content requirements). Some developing countries installing wind energy capacity (e.g. Egypt, Costa Rica and Morocco) apply zero or low import duties, as does Turkey. WRI study: Formal and informal non-tariff barriers that distort investment decisions more important than import tariffs. 20
21 Solar PV cells and panels SOLAR PV CELLS AND PANELS World exports (excluding intra-eu trade) $ 30.5 billion in Most of the increase in developing-country exports was triggered by increased EU imports, which in turn were the result of increased demand driven by incentives (in particular Feed-in tariffs). China and India are now adopting ambitious targets and introducing incentives to strengthen the domestic market for PV cells and modules. PV modules may continue to provide market opportunities for developing countries, but there is a need to assess how certain developments may affect competitiveness, in particular: The decline in PV module prices. Reduction of incentives (e.g. for residential installation of PV modules) in key markets (such as Germany). Increased manufacturing capacities in developed countries 21
22 Biofuels BIOFUELS Biofuels could make an important contribution to future CO2 savings - on a life cycle basis - in the transport sector Biofuel markets affected by government support and trade restrictions. The Global Subsidies Initiative (GSI): government support in OECD countries (in particular for biofuel facilities, production-related payments and exemption of biofuels from fuel-excise taxes) reached USD 11 billion a year by 2006 Sustainability regulations and certification also affect markets for biofuels High tariffs for fuel bioethanol. Standards and sub-quotas for biofuels with high GHG savings. The US Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) (Sugarcane ethanol from Brazil recognized as an advanced biofuel) EU 2009 Renewable Energy Directive Certification schemes may have significant impacts on trade As from 1 January 2012, the HS will have a a new heading for biodiesel (HS 38.26). 22
23 Lessons learned LESSONS LEARNED FOR EGS NEGOTIATIONS Possible implications of market-access negotiations are becoming more relevant for developing countries: Several countries are adopting national RE targets and creating a domestic market for associated products and components. Some countries have a competitive edge in certain technologies and have become exporters of single-use EGs. From a development perspective, some developing countries have made progress in building manufacturing capacities across the supply chain, or are considering strategies to do so (for example in the area of SWH). Whether or not a specific product could be considered as a single-use EG, in most cases, often depends on specific conditions. Developing countries need flexibility to identify products that offer the bestpossible opportunities for harnessing environmental and developmental gains by liberalising trade. 23
24 THANK YOU 24
Climate Change, trade and production of energy-supply goods: The need for levelling the playing field Veena Jha
Climate Change, trade and production of energy-supply goods: The need for levelling the playing field Veena Jha Presentation at the WTO workshop on environmental goods and services. This presentation is
More informationClimate Change, trade and production of energy supply goods: The need for levelling the playing field -Veena Jha
Climate Change, trade and production of energy supply goods: The need for levelling the playing field -Veena Jha Presentation at OECD seminar on the 10 th of May, 2009 Introduction Economic crisis implies
More informationThe Different Dimensions of Climate-friendly Goods: Overcoming the Challenges. -Mahesh Sugathan
The Different Dimensions of Climate-friendly Goods: Overcoming the Challenges. -Mahesh Sugathan Dialogue on Trade Policy, Climate Change and Sustainable Development for the Asia Pacific Region. Singapore,
More informationEnvironmental goods in southern and eastern Africa. Trade patterns, tariffs and non-tariff barriers Willemien Viljoen 5 December 2011
Environmental goods in southern and eastern Africa Trade patterns, tariffs and non-tariff barriers Willemien Viljoen 5 December 2011 The problem of dual-use goods Trade patterns in southern and eastern
More informationFlows, Barriers and Drivers of Trade in Environmental Goods: Evidence from the Renewable Energy Supply Sector
2009/SOM2/MAG/WKSP/011 Session 1 Flows, Barriers and Drivers of Trade in Environmental Goods: Evidence from the Renewable Energy Supply Sector Submitted by: ICTSD Workshop on Environmental Goods and Services
More informationUnpacking the Trade-Climate Interlinkages
ANDREI MARCU 23 May 2017 Stockholm, Sweden Unpacking the Trade-Climate Interlinkages Mitigation and Competitiveness- International Responses Andrei MARCU, Senior Fellow, ICTSD INGRID SIDENVALL JEGOU 23
More informationEnvironment Goods Agreement. Opportunities and Challenges Dr. Veena Jha, ICTSD
Environment Goods Agreement Opportunities and Challenges Dr. Veena Jha, ICTSD Why Trade Policy or EGA? Urgency of climate change (among a number of otherwise important environment goals). The need to ensure
More informationA Case Study of Wind Power
How Trade in Renewable Energy Technologies Takes Place: Barriers and Opportunities to Increasing Deployment in Developing Countries A Case Study of Wind Power Jim Hight Project Manager, Environmental Business
More informationRenewable Energy Technologies Tariffs and trade flows: some issues
Renewable Energy Technologies Tariffs and trade flows: some issues Recent developments in trade in core RE technologies G14 as a group: trade in core RE technologies (solar PV, wind) declined in value
More informationWorld Energy Outlook 2010 Renewables in MENA. Maria Argiri Office of the Chief Economist 15 December 2010
World Energy Outlook 2010 Renewables in MENA Maria Argiri Office of the Chief Economist 15 December 2010 The context: a time of unprecedented uncertainty The worst of the global economic crisis appears
More informationAPEC Energy Demand and Supply Outlook, 6 th Edition
APEC Energy Demand and Supply Outlook, 6 th Edition Cecilia Tam Special Advisor, APERC Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre Business as Usual (BAU) Scenario 2 Mtoe Energy intensity index Outlook for APEC
More informationRenewables Global Status Report
Renewables Global Status Report 2006 2006 Dr. Eric Martinot Senior Visiting Scholar, Tsinghua University Senior Research Fellow, Worldwatch Institute martinot@tsinghua.edu.cn Report sponsored by the REN21
More informationGreen Economy Incentives: CHINA
1. Financial Incentives 1.1. Capital Subsidy / Grant / Rebate Description Value Year Reference Wind Subsidy for 2.25 Billion Global Status Report (GSR). renewable energy. Wind Subsidy for wind 1.47 Billion
More informationEighty-Sixth Regular Meeting of the Committee on Agriculture of the World Trade Organization
Eighty-Sixth Regular Meeting of the Committee on Agriculture of the World Trade Organization This note 1 describes the main points discussed during the Eighty-Sixth Regular Meeting of the Committee on
More informationWorld Energy Outlook 2009 Key results and messages of the 450 Scenario
World Energy Outlook 29 Key results and messages of the 45 Scenario Marco Baroni Office of the Chief Economist International Energy Workshop Stockholm, 22 June 21 Mtoe World primary energy demand by fuel
More informationSugar: World Markets and Trade
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Sugar: World Markets and Trade May 218 Elevated in 218/19 Keeps Stocks High, Pressuring Prices Ending Stocks 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 Other
More informationCurrent Status and Future Prospects of World s Renewable Energy Dr. Wolfgang Palz World Council Renewable Energy Former European Union Official
Current Status and Future Prospects of World s Renewable Energy 2009 Dr. Wolfgang Palz World Council Renewable Energy Former European Union Official What are Renewable Energies (RE)? Traditional RE: today
More informationLinkages between Biofuels, Trade and Sustainable Development
Linkages between Biofuels, Trade and Sustainable Development ICTSD Dialogue on Biofuels, Trade and Sustainable Development 17 June 2009 Moustapha Kamal Gueye UNEP Economics and Trade Branch Overview of
More informationGlobal Sugar Consumption Expands While Production Stagnates
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Sugar: World Markets and Trade Global Sugar Consumption Expands While Production Stagnates 180 Million Metric Tons, Raw Value 170 160
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS 6 RENEWABLES 2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary... 13 1. Recent renewable energy deployment trends... 17 Highlights... 17 Electricity... 18 Technology deployment summary... 18 Regional deployment summary... 20 Transport...
More informationEnvironmental Goods Agreement (EGA) negotiations State of Play
Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA) negotiations State of Play Monika Hencsey, chief negotiator of EGA DG TRADE Unit D1 Trade and Sustainable Development, GSP Disclaimer: All images and photographs in
More informationMAJOR OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES TO U.S. EXPORTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS
SPECIAL REPORT MAJOR OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES TO U.S. EXPORTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS Senator Ron Wyden December 9, 2009 Summary As the United States and its trading partners seek to reduce emissions
More informationAre There Limits to Green Growth?
Are There Limits to Green Growth? Edward B. Barbier Key Points Introduction 1 1 http://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/ Green stimulus during the Great Recession 2 3 3 Table 1: Green stimulus during the Great
More informationAdvanced Renewable Incentive Schemes. Simon Müller Senior Analyst System Integration of Renewables International Energy Agency
Advanced Renewable Incentive Schemes Simon Müller Senior Analyst System Integration of Renewables International Energy Agency Berlin Energy Transition Dialogue, 17 March 2016 The start of a new energy
More informationSugar: World Markets and Trade
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service November 2018 Sugar: World Markets and Trade Record Stocks and Consumption Despite Lower Production 205 185 Production Consumption Stocks
More informationEXTENDING THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES: SURVEY AMONGST SELECTED WEC MEMBER COMPANIES
April 19th, 2011 EXTENDING THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES: SURVEY AMONGST SELECTED WEC MEMBER COMPANIES Composed by Frank Werner, World Environment Center (WEC) Structure of the paper (1) Introduction..
More informationSource: ICTSD reporting, UNFCCC, and WRI
The Paris Agreement: Some Major Takeaways Landmark Agreement concluded in Dec 2015 at UNFCCCC 21 st Conference of Parties (COP-21) in Paris and signed on 22 April 2016 and entered into force on 4 Nov 2016
More informationContext Three numbers and three core global energy challenges: 6.5 million premature deaths each year can be attributed to air pollution 2.7 degrees i
Renewables 217 Heymi Bahar IEEJ, Tokyo 31 October 217 Context Three numbers and three core global energy challenges: 6.5 million premature deaths each year can be attributed to air pollution 2.7 degrees
More informationProfound changes underway in energy markets Signs of decoupling of energy-related CO 2 emissions and global economic growth Oil prices have fallen pre
Keisuke Sadamori Director of Energy Markets and Security, IEA The 88th IEEJ Energy Seminar, 5th October 215 Profound changes underway in energy markets Signs of decoupling of energy-related CO 2 emissions
More informationXXXIV CONGRESO AGRARIO NACIONAL Bogota, Colombia 7-9 November Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
XXXIV CONGRESO AGRARIO NACIONAL Bogota, Colombia 7-9 November 2007 Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 1 XXXIV CONGRESO AGRARIO NACIONAL WTO Agriculture Negotiations & the U.S.
More informationGLOBAL RENEWABLE ENERGY STATUS CESC SOUTH EAST ASIA WEBINAR
GLOBAL RENEWABLE ENERGY STATUS CESC SOUTH EAST ASIA WEBINAR Christine Lins Executive Secretary christine.lins@ren21.net 1 st July 2014 REN21 Renewables 2014 Global Status Report Launched at SE4All Forum
More informationFlexible Fiscal Incentives and Policy Reforms: What works for Clean Energy Investments?
Flexible Fiscal Incentives and Policy Reforms: What works for Clean Energy Investments? VENKATACHALAM ANBUMOZHI, ERIA Objective of Fiscal Policy Reforms Revenue Mobilization for Clean Energy in Changing
More informationClimate Finance Readiness. A framework to scale-up climate action
Climate Finance Readiness A framework to scale-up climate action Clean energy and developing countries RoW expected GDP growth in the next 5 ys above 5% Between 2020-30 RoW collectively the biggest users
More informationRenovAr PROJECT ON ARGENTINA Ministry of Energy and Mining Argentina Republic
RenovAr PROJECT ON RENEWABLE ENERGIES ARGENTINA 2016-2025 Ministry of Energy and Mining Argentina Republic THE ACT ON RENEWABLE ENERGIES SETS A NEW STAGE IN THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC It is a historic event
More informationGE OIL & GAS ANNUAL MEETING 2016 Florence, Italy, 1-2 February
Navigating energy transition Keisuke Sadamori Director for Energy Markets and Security IEA GE OIL & GAS ANNUAL MEETING 2016 Florence, Italy, 1-2 February 2016 General Electric Company - All rights reserved
More informationOverview of energy efficiency policies and trends at world level
Overview of energy efficiency policies and trends at world level Dr Didier Bosseboeuf (ADEME, France) General secretary of the WEC energy efficiency policies Knowledge network Practical actions for accelerating
More informationThe Current Situation of Renewable Energy in Latin America
The 6th International Conference on Integration of Renewable and Distributed Energy Resources The Current Situation of Renewable Energy in Latin America Dr. Jorge M Huacuz Renewable Energy Unit Electrical
More informationRenewable electricity: Non-OECD Summary OECD Americas OECD Asia Oceania OECD Europe References...
TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword... 3 Acknowledgements... 4 Executive summary... 13 The role of renewables in the energy mix continued to expand in 2013... 13 Strong market drivers, but increased risks for renewable
More informationUSAID s SCALING UP RENEWABLE ENERGY
PHOTO CREDIT: ISTOCK.COM USAID REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT MISSION FOR ASIA USAID s SCALING UP RENEWABLE ENERGY 5 TH Asia Regional Dialogue of the Mitigation Action Implementation Network, Danang, Vietnam November
More informationCountries with highest potential for solar process heat The cases of France and Morocco
Countries with highest potential for solar process heat The cases of France and Morocco Montpellier, 13 September, 2015 REmap 2030 - A roadmap for doubling the RE share Context: UN Sustainable Energy for
More informationTrade, Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Transition
Trade, Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Transition Moustapha Kamal Gueye International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD) 1 Outline The changing energy landscape The climate regime
More informationTrade and Technology Transfer in Climate Change Context
Trade and Technology Transfer in Climate Change Context Muthukumara Mani World Bank Session on Improving Access to Green Goods and Technologies to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals WTO Workshop on
More informationAMulti stakeholder Policy Network grouping
About REN21 AMulti stakeholder Policy Network grouping g NGOs: CURES, GFSE, Greenpeace, ICLEI, ISEP, JREF, WCRE, WRI, WWF Science & Academia: IIASA, ISES, SANEDI, TERI International Organisations: ADB,
More informationTRADE AND SDG 13: ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
TRADE AND SDG 13: ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADB Regional Cooperation and Integration conference 28 November 2017 Andrew Prag On behalf of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Trade
More informationInternational Aspects of a Power-to-X Roadmap
International Aspects of a Power-to-X Roadmap Results of a study on behalf of the WEC Germany 18 October 2018 Dr. Jens Perner Background: Power-to-X is arising as a key topic for the energy transition
More informationRenewable Energy Auctions Overview
PHOTO CREDIT: ISTOCK.COM USAID CLEAN POWER ASIA Renewable Energy Auctions Overview Supawan Saelim Renewable Energy Policy Specialist USAID Clean Power Asia March 23, 2018 Prepared for the SETA conference
More informationFresh Deciduous Fruit (Apples, Pears, and Grapes): World Markets and Trade
Fresh Deciduous Fruit (Apples, Pears, and Grapes): World Markets and Trade June 9 SUMMARY Global apple production is expected to expand percent and trade is expected to surge 5 percent in 8/9 due to strong
More informationWorld Energy Outlook 2010
World Energy Outlook 2010 Nobuo Tanaka Executive Director International Energy Agency Cancun, 7 December 2010, IEA day The context: A time of unprecedented uncertainty The worst of the global economic
More informationGlobal Economic Prospects Realizing the Development Promise of the Doha Agenda
Global Economic Prospects 2004 Realizing the Development Promise of the Doha Agenda Philip English World Bank August 25, 2003 GEP 2004 Contents Economic Outlook Preparations for Cancun Agricultural trade
More informationSeizing E-Government Opportunities: Assessment, Prioritization, & Action. June 12, 2001
Seizing E-Government Opportunities: Assessment, Prioritization, & Action June 12, 2001 Today s Topics Understanding E-Readiness Assessing Readiness for E-Government Learning from Successes Prioritizing
More informationAparna Sawhney. Centre for International Trade and Development, JNU
Aparna Sawhney Centre for International Trade and Development, JNU Global and national policy focus on lowcarbon growth in the run-up to the post- Kyoto negotiations. The multilateral trade negotiation
More informationSAMPLE. Reference Code: GDAE6214IDB. Publication Date: September GDAE6214IDB / Published SEP 2012
Solar PV in Spain, Market Outlook to 2025 - Capacity, Generation, Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), Investment Trends, Regulations and Reference Code: GDAE6214IDB Publication Date: September 2012 GlobalData.
More informationAPEC RE Doubling Goal
APEC RE Doubling Goal (Preview of High Renewables Scenario) Michael Ochoada Sinocruz Senior Researcher Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre Mtoe Fossil Fuels Continue to Dominate Preliminary Results 12
More informationTHE RENEWABLES INVESTMENTS IN BULGARIA: SEEN FROM A BUSINESS POINT OF VIEW
THE RENEWABLES INVESTMENTS IN BULGARIA: SEEN FROM A BUSINESS POINT OF VIEW Meglena Rusenova, Chairperson of Bulgarian Photovoltaic Association www.bpva.org THE BULGARIAN RENEWABLE ENERGY SECTOR MAIN STRUCTURE
More informationGlobal Network on Energy for Sustainable Development
Global Network on Energy for Sustainable Development Overview of Analytical Activities and Results Prof. Ogunlade Davidson GNESD Co-Chair The Thematic Working Groups Africa: Energy Research Centre (South
More informationGlobal Agricultural Supply and Demand: Factors contributing to recent increases in food commodity prices
Global Agricultural Supply and Demand: Factors contributing to recent increases in food commodity prices Ron Trostle Economic Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Markets and Food
More informationChina's Green Growth Strategy: Industry Policy or Green Environment Policy?
China's Green Growth Strategy: Industry Policy or Green Environment Policy? Conférence internationale Débattre de l innovation responsable dans les énergies renouvelables et l architecture» 16 novembre
More informationWorld Energy Outlook Dr. Fatih Birol IEA Chief Economist 24 November 2010
World Energy Outlook 2010 Dr. Fatih Birol IEA Chief Economist 24 November 2010 The context: a time of unprecedented uncertainty The worst of the global economic crisis appears to be over but is the recovery
More informationDelivering on the clean energy agenda: prospects and the role for policy
Delivering on the clean energy agenda: prospects and the role for policy 6th Asian Ministerial Energy Roundtable 9 November 2015 Keisuke Sadamori Director, Energy Markets and Security Climate pledges shift
More informationApril, 10 th, Naples, Italy
April, 10 th, 2015 - Naples, Italy April, 10 th, 2015 - Naples, Italy Financial Mechanisms of EE & RES in Lebanon From PEEC to NEEREA Adel Mourtada ALMEE CONTENT 1. LEBANON IN A GLANCE 2. ENERGY CONTEXT
More informationDeploying Energy-Efficiency and Renewable-Energy Technologies in Residential and Commercial Buildings
June 2010 ICTSD Programme on Trade and Environment Environmental Goods and Services Series Deploying Energy-Efficiency and Renewable-Energy Technologies in Residential and Commercial Buildings What are
More informationWhy China Is Acting on Clean Energy: Successes, Challenges, and Implications
Why China Is Acting on Clean Energy: Successes, Challenges, and Implications Joanna Lewis, Ph.D. Georgetown University Presented at the EESI/WRI Senate Briefing October 12, 2012 China s Clean Energy Achievements
More informationChina s Outbound Investment: Policies and Experiences
China s Outbound Investment: Policies and Experiences By Fang Jin Development Research Center of the State Council July 25, 2008 Santiago, Chile Main Contents Facts and Features of China s outbound investment
More informationRemoving Trade Barriers For Renewable Energy Products
Removing Trade Barriers For Renewable Energy Products Dr. Veena Jha Introduction To understand the contribution that trade reforms can make to renewable energy (RE), we begin with the question of whether
More informationIssue Brief The Doha WTO Ministerial
Nathan Associates Inc. Issue Brief The Doha WTO Ministerial AGRICULTURE AND THE VIEWS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Negotiations to liberalize global trade in agriculture will continue at Doha. The negotiating
More informationAs discussed in Chapters 2 and 5, energy fuel
C H A P T E R 8 Energy and Fuels As discussed in Chapters 2 and 5, energy fuel mix and energy intensity (shaped by economic structure and energy efficiencies) play important roles as drivers of CO 2 emissions.
More informationRenewable Energy and other Sustainable Energy Sources. Paul Simons Deputy Executive Director International Energy Agency
Renewable Energy and other Sustainable Energy Sources Paul Simons Deputy Executive Director International Energy Agency G20 ESWG meeting Munich, 14 December 2016 Renewables and efficiency lead the transition
More informationVattenfall Capital Markets Day 2007
Vattenfall Capital Markets Day 2007 Presentation by Arne Mogren Head of Climate Policy at Vattenfall Stockholm, 24 September 2007 Vattenfall AB Currently we are diverging CO2 Emissions from fuel combustion
More informationU.S. Reflections on Outcomes and Implications of Bali
U.S. Reflections on Outcomes and Implications of Bali Dr. Harlan L. Watson Senior Climate Negotiator and Special Representative U.S. Department of State IISD Conference on A Way Forward: Canadian and International
More informationEmergent Trilateralism in Developing Asia
Emergent Trilateralism in Developing Asia Long Term Scenarios for Regional Growth and Trade Douglas Brooks, ADB David Roland-Holst, UC Berkeley Fan Zhai,, ADB presented at the ADB Dissemination Seminar
More informationMULTILATERAL TRADE RESTRICTED. THE URUGUAY ROUND 3 May 1990 MTN.GNG/NG2/RS/22. preferences, etc. Summaries of request lists. categories.
MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS RESTRICTED THE URUGUAY ROUND 3 May 1990 -sp-denfa DIE. ribuiinn Group of Negotiations on Goods (GATT) Negotiating Group on Non-Tariff Measures SWEDEN Summaries of request
More informationFostering Low Carbon Growth: The Case for a Sustainable Energy Trade Agreement
Fostering Low Carbon Growth: The Case for a Sustainable Energy Trade Agreement November 2011 ICTSD Global Platform on Climate Change, Trade and Sustainable Energy Published by International Centre for
More informationIncreasing Omani Dates Export Value:
UNCTAD /CAMS Workshop for Dates Farmers and Stakeholders March 19-21, 2018, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat Increasing Omani Dates Export Value: Tariffs, Non- tariff Measures, Certification and Labeling
More informationMeat and Meat products: price and trade update Issue 3 November Meat and Meat products. Price and Trade Update: November
Issue 3 November 2014 Weekly Newsletter Meat and Meat products Price and Trade Update Export prices remain at historic highs Meat and Meat products Price and Trade Update: November 2014 1 The FAO Meat
More informationG-20 and Brazil in WTO the Doha Round: Perspectives for Hong Kong
Hong Kong 15 Les Paysans prennent la parole Première Séance: A quelles conditions la mondialization profite-t-elle aux Pays en Développement? G-2 and Brazil in WTO the Doha Round: Perspectives for Hong
More informationDr. Phyllis Yoshida Lead Shepherd, APEC Energy Working Group. Deputy Assistant Secretary for Asia, Europe and the Americas U.S. Department of Energy
Dr. Phyllis Yoshida Lead Shepherd, APEC Energy Working Group Deputy Assistant Secretary for Asia, Europe and the Americas U.S. Department of Energy Global Energy Challenges Global energy consumption will
More informationMedium Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2013
Renewable Energy Market Report 213 Michael Waldron Renewable Energy Division International Energy Agency OECD/IEA 213 OECD/IEA 213 MTRMR methodology and scope Analysis of drivers and challenges for RE
More informationRenewables after COP-21 A global perspective. Dr. Fatih Birol Executive Director International Energy Agency
Renewables after COP-21 A global perspective Dr. Fatih Birol Executive Director International Energy Agency 17 th Symposium, Syndicat des Énergies Renouvelables, Unesco, Paris, 4 February 2016 The start
More informationGreen Economy: A UNEP definition
Experiences from other regions in advancing Green Economy Green Economy: A UNEP definition Green economy is one that results in human wellbeing and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental
More informationStrategy and Outlook Annual General Meeting. Hubert Sagnières May 5, 2011
Strategy and Outlook 2011 Annual General Meeting Hubert Sagnières May 5, 2011 The Optical Market in 2011 A still significantly under-penetrated market A high ramp-up potential A growing, profitable mid-range
More informationThe Case of the Philippines
RISING ENERGY COSTS Consequences for the Region s Food System The Case of the Philippines Salvador P. Catelo Pacific Economic Cooperation Council Meeting Pacific Food System Outlook 2006-2007 Orchard Hotel
More informationWork supported by WEC Global Partner CESI,Italy
AEIT MILANO FAST WEC ITALIA Milano 29th November 2016 in Edison headquarters Variable Renewables Electricity Systems Integration: how to get it right Alessandro Clerici Honorary President of WEC - Italy
More informationClimate Change, Trade Policy & Innovation Governance: The Caribbean Context
Climate Change, Trade Policy & Innovation Governance: The Caribbean Context Dr. Keith Nurse Executive Director UWI Consulting Inc. University of the West Indies keithnurse@me.com Structure of Presentation
More informationDeveloping Countries Issues and Concerns within the WTO
Arlington, Virginia 24 February 05 Session on Farm and Trade Policy : Globalization and the Role of the WTO Developing Countries Issues and Concerns within the WTO Marcos Sawaya Jank President, Institute
More informationMeasuring Value in Global Value Chains
GLOBAL COMMODITIES FORUM 7-8 April 2014 Measuring Value in Global Value Chains by Ms. Rashmi Banga UNCTAD The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of UNCTAD.
More informationRice: Global Competitiveness of the U.S. Rice Industry
Rice: Global Competitiveness of the U.S. Rice Industry October 7, 2015 Disclaimer: The views expressed here are those of the presenters, and do not necessarily represent those of any individual Commissioner
More informationREGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTRICITY IN EGYPT WITH EMPHASIS ON WIND ENERGY
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTRICITY IN EGYPT WITH EMPHASIS ON WIND ENERGY 23 March 2010 Mohamed Salah Elsobki (Jr.) Professor & Director Energy Research Center Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University
More informationConcentrating solar power and renewable energy policy instruments
Concentrating solar power and renewable energy policy instruments Max Thabiso Edkins 3 September 2010 Energy Research Centre University of Cape Town 1 ERC A thought experiment: elephants in KNP 2 ERC What
More informationIRENA Renewable Energy and Climate Change Support towards NDC implementation. 20 June 2016
IRENA Renewable Energy and Climate Change Support towards NDC implementation 20 June 2016 IRENA: Introduction Intergovernmental renewable energy agency, headquarters in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
More informationEnergy Transition in Qatar and the Middle East
Energy Transition in Qatar and the Middle East Damilola S. Olawuyi Co-Director, Qatar Energy Transitions Technical Study Group Associate Professor of Energy and Environmental Law HBKU Law School, Doha,
More informationFACTORS CREATING RISK IN U.S. GRAIN MARKETS
FACTORS CREATING RISK IN U.S. GRAIN MARKETS WAY TOO EARLY GRAIN MARKET OUTLOOK TO 2050 22 ND NATIONAL WORKSHOP FOR DAIRY ECONOMISTS & POLICY ANALYSTS APRIL 30, 2015 JOHN NEWTON UNIV. OF ILLINOIS JCNEWT@ILLINOIS.EDU
More informationNon-Tariff Measures in RE Policies
2011/SOM2/CTI/TPD/002 Non-Tariff Measures in RE Policies Submitted by: World Bank Trade Policy Dialogue on Environmental Goods Non-Tariff Measures Big Sky, United States 12 May 2011 Findings from Assessing
More informationWELLSPUN RENEWABLES Metamorphosis competition Metamorphosis Vista The Metamorphosis challenge: Metamorphosis Disclaimer: Metamorphosis
WELLSPUN RENEWABLES This report shows how Government incentives for 'Make in India' can boost the renewable energy sector. It proposes an expansion strategy for Welspun Renewables towards achieving economic
More informationRenewable Energy Policies in Southeast Asia. Renewable Energy Auctions: A New Paradigm for Asia ACEF, 8 June 2018
Renewable Energy Policies in Southeast Asia Renewable Energy Auctions: A New Paradigm for Asia ACEF, 8 June 2018 Rising energy demand to sustain development in Southeast Asia GDP reached USD 2.5 trillion
More informationChile. Dairy and Products Annual. Whole and Non Fat Dry Milk Report
THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Required Report - public distribution Date: GAIN Report
More informationGlobal management and control system of automatic doors for BRT systems (Bus Rapid Transit)
Global management and control of automatic doors for BRT s (Bus Rapid Transit) What is it? How does it work? What does it consist of? It is an integrated of automatic doors for BRT stations that synchronises
More informationCross-border Executive Search to large and small corporations through personalized and flexible services
Cross-border Executive Search to large and small corporations through personalized and flexible services In-depth local knowledge of each job market as well as reliable information on compensation, industry
More informationSkills for Green Jobs in Sri Lanka: Prospects and Challenges
National Green Jobs conference 24 Jan. 2011 Skills for Green Jobs in Sri Lanka: Prospects and Challenges N.G. Kularatne Director General, National Institute of Labour Studies Wednesday, 26 January 2011
More informationPost-2020 Climate Change Mitigation Commitments
Post-2020 Climate Change Mitigation Commitments Gregory Briner, OECD gregory.briner@oecd.org Based on the draft paper Establishing and Understanding Post-2020 Climate Change Mitigation Commitments by Gregory
More informationOptions to scale up solar PV in. Vietnam. - Introduction. Vietnam
Options to scale up solar PV in Vietnam - Introduction Vietnam November 2015 Solar PV scale up in Vietnam INTRODUCTION Overall objectives To accelerate PV scale up in order to fulfill GoV target in a sustainable
More information