CEMENT DUST EXTRACTION TOOL WITH FOGGING METHOD

Transcription

1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2017, pp , Article ID: IJCIET_08_10_082 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed CEMENT DUST EXTRACTION TOOL WITH FOGGING METHOD J. Purwanta Environmental Engineering Department, UPN Veteran, Yogyakarta, Indonesia T. Marnoto Chemical Engineering Department, UPN Veteran, Yogyakarta, Indonesia P. Setyono Faculty of Mathematics & Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Solo, Indonesia A.H. Ramelan Faculty of Mathematics & Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Solo, Indonesia ABSTRACT Indonesia is a developing country and doing development in all fields, including infrastructure development. It is necessary for construction materials, including cement. Cement was instrumental in the construction process because the presence of cement made of other construction materials such as sand, gravel, iron, water, become one and not easily separated. It takes a cement plant such as PT. Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. Tuban plant. The existence of the cement factory would bring positive effects such as creating jobs, the rise of business opportunities in the community to meet the needs of employees of the cement plant, also had a negative impact that declining air quality in particular disseminate the views and cement dust, which is influenced by wind direction and speed. This study aims to create a tool catcher cement dust that is environmentally friendly dust extraction tool with fogging method, so that the air quality will improve. The optimum conditions obtained in the variable distance between the sprayer against dust extraction tool (L) = 2.0 m are approximated by line equation Y=-3154,3X+9220,9 error of 5% and a variable air velocity in a column (Vu) = 430 m / min are approximated by line equation Y=-7.E- 06.X 4 + 0,0091.X 3-4,0399.X X error 5%. Keywords: Wind direction, Spread of dust, environmental quality standards, air quality editor@iaeme.com

2 J. Purwanta, T. Marnoto, P. Setyono and A.H. Ramelan Cite this Article: J. Purwanta, T. Marnoto, P. Setyono and A.H. Ramelan, cement dust extraction tool with fogging method, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(10), 2017, pp INTRODUCTION Indonesia is a developing country that is implementing development in all fields. One was doing the development of physical infrastructure. It required the construction material, one cement. Cement has a very important meaning in the construction process due to the presence of cement to make inter construction materials such as sand, gravel, iron, and others, into paste and not easily separated. To meet the needs of the cement is established cement plants, one of which is PT. Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. Tuban plant. According Fityatur [3] where the cement plant impact on the lives of people around the factory site as public revenue and public health. Similarly, the existence of the activities of PT. Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. Tuban also cause some impacts that are positive is to create jobs for people who meet the requirements of the labor force, increasing the chances of doing business in the community such as the establishment of food stalls, grocery stores, boarding houses / rented, and others, to support the fulfillment of basic needs -day employees, as well as rising incomes as a result of subsequent / follow-up of work opportunities and the growing business opportunity.but also have a negative impact, one of which is the emergence of air pollution, especially the spread of dust. The spread of dust is influenced by many factors, such as wind direction and speed. This study aims to create a tool catcher cement dust that is environmentally friendly dust extraction tool with fogging method, so that the air quality will improve. According to Duda [2] cement manufacturing technology based on the amount of water in the feed divided into 2 of the Wet Process and Dry Process. Based on the description of the cement manufacturing process Dry Process which is preferred by the plant due to lower operating costs and greater production capacity so that profits will also be larger factory. As the impact of the cement manufacturing process, then the environment will be exposed to dust. Exposure to dust is inhaled dust particles public both outdoors and indoors. Exposure to this dust can interfere with the respiratory community outside the home. (Thaib et al, [6]). In the cement industry, dust emissions generated from the process kilns, crushers, grinders, clinker cookers and cooker control equipment material and clinker, which made the process of destruction and pyro process (Kumar and Armani [4]). According Dimitriou and Christidou [1], air pollution is one important environmental issues that contribute to the impact of high temperature on keehatan society, animal life, natural ecosystems and man-made environment. Air pollution responsible for climate change, greenhouse effect, acid rain and others. Control of particulate emissions from the supply to the kiln by capturing dust using the dust collector equipment. Nigeria in cement factories, dust collector type used based on the particle size factor, dust capacity, speed dust, moisture content and temperature of the gas. Further mounted on the location of the dust emission is a tool Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) and Bag Filters (BF) (Otaru et al [5]) editor@iaeme.com

3 Cement Dust Extraction Tool with Fogging Method 2. MATERIALS & EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES 2.1. Materials In the research, we use one set of the cement dust capture tool with fogging method and water Methods a) Doing research catching dust by fogging method with 2 variables in the distance sprayer to the dust extraction tool and the air velocity in the column. Each variable will do 5 tries. b) Conditions determine optimum on each variable studied. Figure 1 The circuit schematic tool in fogging method (Source: the author, 2016) 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1. Determining the optimum conditions of dust catcher tool at variable distances sprayer against dust extraction tool Variable fixed: Nozzle diameter (Dn) = 1.40 mm; Air velocity at the tool (Vu) = 430 m / min; The water velocity in the sprayer (Va) = 110 ml / min; stack height (Z) = 100 cm. Table 1 Relationship of distances sprayer against dust extraction tool (L) with Dust caught in fog (C) No L (m) C (µg/m3) pada RH=52%; T=30 o C (=303 o K); P=14,8 psi 1 3,00 170,55 2 2,50 709,68 3 2, ,60 4 1, ,36 5 1, ,84 Source: primary data, editor@iaeme.com

4 J. Purwanta, T. Marnoto, P. Setyono and A.H. Ramelan 7,000 Mass of Dust is Caught by Fog, C (µg/m³) at RH = 52%; T=29 C (302 K); P = 0,99 atm 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 y = -3154,3x ,9 error = 5% Sprayer Distance From Device, L (m) Figure 2 The relation of distances sprayer against dust extraction tool (L) with mass of dust is caught by fog (C) Analysis for result of the fog is: a. 3.0 m: The fog syringe not up to the tool so that no dust catcher catching dust in the dust catcher tool. Heavy dust on the bottom and measurement of the measurement will be relatively the same so the weight difference obtained is very small b. 2.5 m: The fog syringe to the dust extraction tool but not optimal resulting in the arrest of dust in the dust catcher tool, although it is still small. Heavy dust on the bottom and measurement of the measurement will be relatively the same so little difference in weight obtained. c. 2.0 m: The fog syringe proper fitting to the dust extraction apparatus resulting in the arrest of dust on an optimal dust extraction tool. Heavy dust on the bottom and measurement of the measurement will be much different or not the same, so the difference in the weight gained was great. d. 1.5 m: The distance between the sprayer to the dust catcher tool that is too close to the fog pushed the dust in the air flow to the side, or move any dust. Heavy dust on the bottom and measurement of measurement differ greatly so that the weight gained huge difference. e. m: The distance between the sprayer to the dust catcher tool which is very close so the fog pushed almost all the dust in the air flow to the side, or move any dust. Heavy dust on the bottom measurement and measurement of different so far away that the weight difference obtained is very large Determining the optimum conditions of dust catcher tool at variable air speed Variable fixed: Nozzle diameter (Dn) = 1.40 mm; L = 2.00 m; the water velocity in the sprayer (Va) = 110 ml / min; stack height (Z) = 100 cm editor@iaeme.com

5 Cement Dust Extraction Tool with Fogging Method Mass of Dust is Caught by Fog, C (µg/m³) at RH = 52%; T=29 C (302 K); P = 0,99 atm Table 2 Relationship of air velocity (Vu) with Dust caught in fog (C) No Vu (m/minute) C (µg/m3) pada RH=52%; T=30 o C (=303 o K); P=14,8 psi 1 510,00 85, , , , , ,00 290, ,00 94,84 Source: primary data, ,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, y = -7E-06x 4 + 0,0091x 3-4,0399x ,7x error = 5% Device Air Velocity,Vu (m/minute) Figure 3 The relation of air velocity (Vu) with mass of dust is caught by fog (C) Analysis for result of the fog is: a. 500 m / min: Due to the speed of air on a very large chimney then almost all the dust pushed upward so as to avoid catching dust in the dust extraction tool. Heavy dust on the bottom measurements and measurements on the same or nearly the same, so the difference in weight obtained is very small. b. 430 m / min: Due to the contact between the airflow and dust at the right chimney then dust can be lifted to the top of the chimney optimally resulting in the arrest of dust in the dust extraction tool optimally. Heavy dust on the bottom is a large measurement and measurement of the weight difference is so small that one gets is great. c. 360 m / min: Due to the smaller air speed then not all the molecules of dust carried up and out of the chimney so that the capture of dust in the dust catcher tool only relatively little. Heavy dust on the bottom is a rather large measurement and measurement of the difference in weight is small so obtained is rather large. d. 295 m / min: Due to the small air speed then not all the molecules of dust carried up and out of the chimney so that the capture of dust in the dust catcher tool only slightly. Heavy dust on the bottom is a small measurement and measurement above is very small so that the difference in weight obtained is small editor@iaeme.com

6 J. Purwanta, T. Marnoto, P. Setyono and A.H. Ramelan e. 175 m / min: Due to the very small air speed then very little or almost no dust molecules were up and out of the chimney so that no arrest dust in the dust catcher tool. Heavy dust on the bottom is very small measurements and measurements above are not there so the weight difference obtained is very small or close to zero.from this analysis, we get the optimum variable that is 430 m / min. 4. CONCLUSION The optimum conditions of dust catcher tool at variable distances sprayer against dust extraction tool (L) is 2.00 m, are approximated by line equation Y= X approachable 5% error and at variable air velocity is 430 m/min, are approximated by line equation Y= -7.E-06.X X X X approachable 5% error. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I look forward to another opportunity to develop this research items, namely by examining other variables to obtain optimal operating conditions for the dust catcher with the foggging methods. REFERENCES [1] Dimitriou, A. and Christidou, V., 2011, Causes and Consequences of Mix Pollution and Environmental Injustice As Critical Issues For Sciences and Environmental Education, p.218, The Impact of Air Pollution on Health, Economy, Environment, and Agricultural Sources, In Tech. [2] Duda, W.H., 1983, Cement Data Book, International Process Engineering in The Cement Industries 2 nd edition, Bauverlag GMBH Weisbaden and Berlin, Germany. [3] Fityatur, R., 2015, Dampak Sosial-Ekonomi Pabrik Semen Puger Di Kecamatan Puger Kabupaten Jember, Jember. [4] Kumar, T.J. & Armani, A., 2012, Environmental impact analysis : a case study of acc cements plant, Journal of Environmental Research and Development, Vol.7. [5] Otaru, A.J., Odigure, J.O., Okafor, J.O., and Abdulkareem, A.S., 2013, Investigation into particulate pollutant concentration from a cement plant: a case study of Obajana Cement Plc, Lokoja, Nigeria, IQSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology, and Food Technology (IQSR-JESTFT), Volume 3, Issue 2, pp.89-96, Nigeria. [6] Thaib, Y.P. dkk, 2014, Hubungan Antara Paparan Debu Dengan Kejadian Gangguan Saluran Pernafasan Pada Masyarakat Kelurahan Kairagi Satu Lingkungan 3 Kota Manado, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado. [7] SS Asadi, Ravali.Koppula, Sravanth.B Sambaturu,, M.V.Raju, K.Aswitha, Analysis of Air Quality For Environmental Management: A Model Study From Talangana State, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(3), 2017, pp [8] D. Satish Chandra, SS. Asadi and M.V.S. Raju, Evaluation of Air Quality Index Using Analytical Approach - A Model Study from A.P., International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 2017, pp editor@iaeme.com