Future R & D Needs in membrane technologies

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2 Future R & D Needs in membrane technologies Seminar: Developing Future Water Technologies - Membranes Post-Doctoral Researcher, Dr. Mari Kallioinen mari.kallioinen@lut.fi

3 Content Background for LUT MemPo standpoint The future from LUT Mempo perspective The main development aims from European Membrane House and Nanomempro perspective Conclusions

4 From LUT MemPo standpoint CHARACTERISATION OF MEMBRANE CHARGE AND HYDROPHILICITY TAILORED SEPARATION: PROCESS CONDITIONS NOVEL METHODS FOR FOULANT ANALYSIS REAL-TIME MONITORING OF FOULING FOULING AND CRITICAL FLUX FILTRATION OF PROTEIN SOLUTIONS MEMBRANES IN EXTREME CONDITIONS TAILORED SEPARATION, NOVEL MEMBRANES SEPARATION OF CHLOROLIGNINS FROM BLACK LIQUOR METAL INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS INTERNAL PURIFICATION OF P&P MILL WATERS OILY WATERS SUGAR INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS FILTRATION OF BIOL. TREATED EFFLUENTS FROM P&P RECOVERY OF VALUABLE COMPOUNDS REUSE OF PROCESS WATERS PERVAPORATION

5 NanoMemPro and European Membrane House (EMH) NanoMemPro - Network of Excellence project, (EU FP6), Membrane research teams from Europe (LUT MemPo) ACHIEVEMENT: European Membrane Research Area perfectly structured to be the best place for membrane technology development in the world (EMH + EMS) EMH -founded in 2008, 10 founding members (LUT MemPo is one of them) -Enhances the industrial implementation of membrane-based technologies -Aims to coherent and structured European system for membrane research and technological innovation HOW? 1) Institutional lobbying, 2) Developing research and industry partnerships 3) Offering facilitation services

6 Developing aims COSTS SELECTIVITY CAPACITY LONGER MEMBRANE OPERATIONAL LIFETIME stable long-term performance aggressive environment no fouling EFFICIENT PROCESSES energy consumption minimised chemical consumption concentrate handling ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT NOVEL MEMBRANES tailored separation functionalised membranes non-fouling membranes stability in aggressive environment

7 Cost reduction One of the main development aims in MF, UF, NF, RO, ED, MBR technologies Development of energy efficient processes and low-fouling, chemically and thermal resistant membranes in key position Costs/m 3 In 2008: Removal of excess fluoride ions < 0.09 Removal of colour and NOM from surface water < 0.02 Removal of pesticides from drinking water < 0.03 Removal of salt from sea water 0.54 Both cost-efficient industrial scale processes and low-cost household applications are needed, In-building treatment

8 R & D Needs for Novel Membranes higher selectivity (MF, UF, NF, PV/GS/VP ) low fouling tendency (MF, UF, NF, RO, MBR, PV/GS/VP ) improved chemical resistance (high or low ph, solvents, corrosion) (MF, UF, NF,PV/GS/VP) improved thermal resistance (MF, UF, NF,PV/GS/VP) membrane functionalisation (ligands, enzymes, nanoparticles) (MF, UF) ion-selective NF membranes ultra-low pressure RO composite membranes cheaper membrane materials for MBRs decreasing costs of bipolar membranes (ED) ion-exchange membranes with increased and more specific selectivity (ED)

9 Environmental impact: Concentrate handling? LANDFILL FOREST FERTILISING INCINERATION USE IN PRODUCT OR BY-PRODUCT CONCENTRATE CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION CHEMICAL OXIDATION DEGRADATION BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION, PRECIPITATION LANDFILL DISCHARGE TO WATERWAY From: Mänttäri et al., Water Science and Technology, WST, 2010

10 Conclusions Membranes can have a key position when the significant global challenges are solved 1) Pure water for all 2) Medical applications 3) Energy sector 4) Environmental protection Future R & D needs derive from the need to develop 1) Cost-efficient processes 2) with a certain selectivity at good capacity 3) with a low environmental impact

11 Thank You! Prof. (Emerita) Marianne Nyström Prof. Mika Mänttäri Post-Doc. Researcher Arto Pihlajamäki Research Liisa Puro And the whole group of LUT MemPo Mari Kallioinen Post-Doctoral Researcher