Lupines. A healthy alternative for farmer and consumer
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- Stephen Green
- 6 years ago
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2 Lupines for meat substitutes Local manufacturers: Meatless, Ojah and Encko Foodgroup (Vivera) Regional production of lupins Alkaloid levels < 0,02% Healthy crop in crop-rotation
3 A good EU replacement for soya Healthy grain legume for humans (High protein -35%-, high fibre) Good functional properties In line with dietary health trends (less carbo-hydrates, more proteins and fibres)
4 Lupine in food Functional ingredient Main-ingredient
5 Lupine in a crop-rotation N-fixation ( kg N/ha) Mobilisation af phosphorus More crop-diversity Enhances other biodiversity
6 Lupine projects Variety trials (mono- and mixed cropping) Crop-optimisation (fertilisation, weed control) Breeding for calcareous soils Joined marketing (lupine-cooperative) Developing the market (bread, meat substitutes)
7 Mixed cropping Lupines Total Lupine Cereal Total Lupine Cereal Haags Blaue 1,9 1,9 3,1 3,1 Haags Blaue-Barley 3,3 0,7 2,6 4,1 1,2 2,8 Haags Blaue-Wheat 4,3 1,5 2,8 Barley 4,6 4,6 Wheat 6,6 6,6
8 Mixed cropping dilemma s Haags Blaue is too late for barley in ripening Haags Blaue is too small for wheat (poor growth of lupines and deseases) Boruta seems good match with wheat, but is unreliable (uneveness in ripening) Iris is good match with wheat in crop height but too late in ripening Breeding for compatibility: Boruta 2.0, small wheat or late wheat
9 Variety trials mono-cropping Blue lupines Non-branching Branching White lupines Viol (BJ) Iris (BJ) Feodora (SwS) Prima (BJ) Galant (BJ) Dieta (SU) Primadonna (STJ) Sanabor (SSt) Volos (SU) Haags Blaue (SSt) Sonate (SSt) Boruta (SSt) Haagena (SSt) BJ, Bjarne Jørnsgard (Dk) Regent (HRS) Probor (SSt) STJ, Søren Thorndal Jørgensen (Dk) Sonet Borlu (SSt) SSt, Saatzucht Steinach (D) Boregine (SSt) SwS, Südwest Saat (D) Arabella (SwS) HRS, Hodowla Roślin Smolice (Pl) Bojar (HRS) SU, Soya UK (UK) Dalbor (HRS)
10 Variety Variety trials # years Yield Index Resistence to Ripening Quality Canopy height Lodging Disease Earliness Eveness Alkaloid Primadonna ? Haags Blaue Boruta Regent ? + -? Sonet ? ++ -+? Iris Sanabor Boregine Probor Sonate Bojar ? Dalbor ? -+ +? Dieta Volos
11 Influence of soil type Sand Clay Index Sand Clay Index Non-bran. Viol 2,9 3, ,8 2,9 162 Haags Blaue 3,0 4,0 134 Boruta 3,6 3, ,8 3,3 182 Branching Iris 4,3 4, ,7 3,4 126 Vitabor 1,8 2, ,4 3,2 225 Sanabor 2,0 4,0 201 Boregine 3,8 3,7 99 2,5 3,8 153 Probor 2,0 3,
12 Influence of sowing date End of March Half April t/ha 1 Haags Blaue 3,3 2,2 2 Boruta 3,3 2,6 3 Sanabor 2,6 1,6 4 Sonate 1,2 1,5 5 Iris 3,1 * 2,9 6 Bojar 1,6 2,3 7 Dieta 3,2 2,5 8 Volos 2,9 2,8 * Poor emergence (60%)
13 Influence of sowing date sowing till 1e emergence 1e emerg. till 90% emerg. 1e emerg. till 1e flower 1e emerg. till ripening 26-mrt 16-apr 26-mrt 16-apr 26-mrt 16-apr 26-mrt 16-apr Haags Blaue Boruta Sanabor Sonate Iris * Bojar Dieta Volos * Poor seed quality
14 Fertilisation (K) Lupines Yield Alkaloide Clay Sand Clay Sand Boregine ppm ppm 0 kg K2O/ha 3,6 3, kg K2O/ha 3,5 3, kg K2O/ha 3,7 3, Soil sample Potasium mg K/kg soil K-number ph 6,4 5,2 CaCO3 <0,2%
15 Fertilisation (N,K) Treatment Variety N+ K+ N- K+ N+ K- Iris Yield (t/ha) 2,8 2,9 2,8 Alkaloid (ppm) Sanabor Yield (t/ha) 1,0 1,8 1,6 Alkaloid (ppm)
16 Deseases Fungicide No fung. t/ha 1 Haags Blaue 1,9 1,5 26% 2 Boruta 2,2 2,0 10% 3 Sanabor 1,7 1,6 6% 4 Sonate 0,9 0,3 169% 5 Iris 3,2 3,1 4% 6 Dieta 1,9 1,6 18% 7 Volos 2,2 1,8 24% Pleiochaeta Seitosa, Botrytis cinera, Fusarium spp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lupines
17 Crop residue Lupines t DM/ha kg N/ha kg P 2 O 5 /ha kg K 2 O/ha lupines straw 1, pods 1, leafs 0, , wheat straw 4,
18 Residual effect soil fertility N Pw N Pw kg/ha mg P 2 O 5 /l kg/ha mg P 2 O 5 /l Lupin Lupin-cereal Cereal
19 Breeding lupines for calcareous soils Lupines Young sea clays (CaCO %, ph 7-8) Testing lupines albus and angustifolius Material from Bjarne Joernsgard and Globe Seeds Most Ca-tolerance in albus Breeding for earliness and sweetness
20 Thank you for your attention! Udo Prins (LBI)
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