Regional application of STOTRASIM for modeling of water and nitrogen dynamics in the unsaturated zone
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1 Regional application of STOTRASIM for modeling of water and nitrogen dynamics in the unsaturated zone Franz Feichtinger Federal Agency for Water Management Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Petzenkirchen INTRODUCTION, 1 Sustainable Water Management: EU - WFD Monitoring reveals Auswertung der Porengrundwassermessstellen Mittelwerte aller beprobten Durchgänge im Zeitraum 1/2003 bis 12/2004 bis 30 mg/l größer 30 bis 45 mg/l größer 45 mg/l 1
2 INTRODUCTION, 2 Quelle: Wassergüte in Österreich, Jahresbericht 2006 Modeling as a tool to propose sustainble Management practices, evaluated by Monitoring following MODEL STOTRASIM, concept STOTRASIM / SIMWASER Vertical flow of water and nitrate-nitrogen within a soil profile (UZ) of arable land. Interrelating weather, agricultural management, soil properties and groundwater. SIMWASER Water balance, plant growth and crop yield of any crop rotation on daily basis. Input: precipitation, irrigation Output: evapotranspiration considering interception Water fluxes: Darcy s law capillary rise or seepage STOTRASIM Nitrate-nitrogen balance for a soil profile on daily basis. Input: fertilisation, precipitation, irrigation, assimilation by legumes Output: plant uptake, volatilisation, denitrification Nitrogen fluxes: CDE, mineralisation, immobilisation (4 org. pools) Nitrate leaching or capillary rise 2
3 Data for model calibration; Monitoring sites MODEL STOTRASIM, calibration 3
4 Project Evaluation of the water management effectiveness of catch crops Objective: evaluation of ÖPUL 2000 concerning the effectiveness of catch crops for reducing nitrate leaching to the groundwater. Catch crop management offered by ÖPUL 2000 based on subsidies: Variant Type Sowing at the latest Cultivation as of A green crop in summer/autumn B green crop in autumn/winter killed by frost following year C hardy green crop in autumn/winter following year D green crop in summer/winter following year Project area, Weather data 4
5 Stmk_Ka rtierungsbereiche 17 Stmk_Kartierungsbereiche Soil information: national soil survey service, working areas and soil units within such a working area N Forest Area Surfaces of Water Settlement Area Number of soil units NÖ: 979 OÖ: 511 STMK: 194 Agricultural Management: Management of arable land was defined on the basis of data from agricultural statistics and in close cooperation with local experts on agriculture (LBU, WBOÖ, LLWKNÖ, BOKU, LAKO). Attention was paid, that for the tested crop rotations periods from harvest in autumn until cultivation in next spring included both bare fallow and the alternative catch crops according to ÖPUL 2000 STMK Crop rotation G Crop Sowing Harvest Plant residues Bare fallow 01. Jän Apr Mai 79 5 Soybean 01. Mai Sep Bare fallow 16. Sep Dez 79 0 Bare fallow e 01. Jän Apr Apr Tillage Inorganic fertilizer Organic fertilizer NO3_N NH4_N FM TM C-Gehalt C/N NO3-N NH4-N % Tiefe [cm] kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha % C/N kg/ha kg/ha 18. Apr 80 23,5 46,5 20. Apr Apr 80 5 Corn 22. Apr Sep Mai Mai Number of crop rotations: NÖ: 5 OÖ: 4 STMK: 2 Modeling: Period: Period of assessment:
6 Summarized results SEEPAGE % in relation to bare fallow A B C D NÖ OÖ Stmk Variant Summarized results NITRATE - NITROGEN LEACHING % in relation to bare fallow A B C D NÖ OÖ Stmk Variant 6
7 Summarized results NITRATE CONCENTRATION of the SEEPAGE % in relation to bare fallow A B C D NÖ OÖ Stmk Variant Summary Compared to bare fallow variant A and D reduce nitrate-nitrogen leaching and the nitrate concentration of the seepage considerably and equally well. Variant B and C exhibit only little effect reducing groundwater pollution with nitrate. These results apply to all tested regions. The effectiveness of catch crops for reducing nitrate leaching to the groundwater is closely linked to its dry matter production. Therefore, on behalf of an efficient groundwater protection, the cultivation of catch crops should be as soon as possible and as long as possible. 7
8 Project Water management of basins Water management of basins is an ongoing sub-project of the research network WATERPOOL, For the region of Southeast Styria tools are elaborated in order to support the sustainable utilisation of the groundwater resources. Within this framework seepage and nitrate leaching have been assessed by STOTRASIM for arable land. Weather data: Leibnitz, Graz-Thalerhof Soil Information: Soil units according the national soil survey service Agricultural management: as mentioned before, dominated by maize Modeling: Period: Period of assessment: Nitrate concentration of the leakage at 180 cm below surface; an example of results 8
9 MODELING the unsaturated zone, PART OF MMM MMM Modeling the unsaturated zone Suited Monitoring system Input for Modeling groundwater dynamics Decision Support System Sustainable Groundwater Management 9
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