Breeding Non-GM Varieties Final Report

Transcription

1 Breeding Non-GM Varieties Final Report A. Managed Research Area: Project Title: Breeding non-gm varieties Reporting Period: August 16, 2009 to August 15, 2010 Program Coordinator: Brian Diers, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, tel: , B. Brief executive summary of accomplishments: Illinois Soybean Association funding was used to support expanded efforts in breeding conventional (nongmo) soybean varieties that can be used by soybean producers in Illinois. The University of Illinois breeding program made crosses between conventional parents, developed breeding populations, tested lines from the breeding populations for yield and agronomic traits and released three new conventional varieties in 2010 for use by soybean growers in Illinois. C. Accomplishments: The funding was used in combination with funding from ISA through the Germplasm and Breeding Initiative to support the University of Illinois soybean breeding program. The funding started during the end of the 2009 growing season and went through most of the 2010 growing season. Because the funding was mostly used for planning and plot work during the 2010 season, this report will be focused on this growing season. During the 2010 growing season, the University of Illinois breeding program grew experimental lines in over 6,037 2-row and 4-row yield plots and 12,000 short single-row plots as part of the variety development program. About ½ of the single-row plots were selected visually and the other ½ were all harvested and selected based primarily on yield. Our advanced experimental lines were also tested in cooperative uniform tests during 2010, which are tests organized by the public breeding community and allow breeders to evaluate their advanced experimental lines across a wide geographical area. Using these uniform tests, our advanced maturity group (MG) II experimental lines were evaluated in 16 locations, MG III lines in 18 locations, and MG IV lines in 12 locations. We are still awaiting the summarized final results from the 2010 uniform tests before we make final selections. When these results are in, experimental lines in the tests will be selected based on yield and agronomic performance and selected lines will be retested in 2011 or released as new varieties. Our best lines were evaluated in the University of Illinois Soybean Variety Test (VIPs Test) so they can be compared to varieties developed from the commercial sector. Because our varieties are currently being released through a licensing agreement with the company BioPlant, they are not given U of I designations in the tests, but instead Excel (the brand designation that BioPlant uses) names. In the Conventional VIPs 2010 tests, compared to other conventional varieties, U of I developed varieties and experimental lines ranked 1 st and 2 nd in the Region 1 MG II test, 1 st and 2 nd in the Region 2 MG II test, 3 rd in the Region 2 MG III test, 1 st and 3 rd in the Region 3 MG II test, 1 st and 3 rd in the Region 3 MG III test, 2 nd and 4 th in the Region 4 MG III test, 1 st in the Region 4 MG IV test, and 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd in the Region 5 MG III test. These results show that the varieties we are developing compete well with conventional varieties developed in the private sector.

2 We are continuing to develop new varieties with soybean aphid resistance and recently we emphasized the development of varieties with the new aphid resistance gene Rag2. Several lines with this gene performed well in our 2010 yield tests and seed of one line with Rag2 will be increased in D. Deliverables: Based on 2009 performance results, three conventional soybean varieties were released during the spring of 2010 from the University of Illinois program. Of these released lines, all have soybean cyst nematode (SCN) resistance from PI 88788, and one has the soybean aphid resistance gene Rag1 from Dowling. E. Impact statement: The Illinois Soybean Association is providing this support to university soybean breeding programs to strengthen conventional breeding efforts so that there will be more conventional soybean varieties available to Illinois soybean growers. During the spring of 2010, three conventional varieties were released from the University of Illinois breeding program. In addition, we plan to release more varieties during the spring of The released varieties are still in the process of being increased, so they have achieved only limited market share to date. However, we are continuing to strengthen our interactions with BioPlant to aid in their marketing of our varieties. As discussed previously, our varieties are agronomically competitive and therefore should do well in the marketplace and give growers more options for conventional varieties. F. Technology transfer: Publications in refereed journals Kim, K., S. Bellendir, K.A. Hudson, C.B. Hill, G.L. Hartman, D.L, Hyten, M.E. Hudson, and B.W. Diers Fine mapping the soybean aphid resistance gene Rag1 in soybean. Theor. Appl. Genet. 120: Diers, B.W., T. Cary, D. Thomas, A. Colgrove, and T. Niblack Registration of LD P soybean germplasm line with resistance to soybean cyst nematode from PI J. of Plant Registrations. 4: Mikel, M., B. Diers, R. Nelson, H. Smith Genetic diversity and agronomic improvement of North American soybean germplasm. Crop Sci. 50: Kim, K., C.B. Hill, G.L. Hartman, D.L. Hyten, M.E. Hudson, and B.W. Diers Fine mapping of the soybean aphid resistance gene Rag2 in soybean PI Theor. Appl. Genet. Accepted. Bolon, Yung-Tsi, B. Joseph, S.B. Cannon, M.A. Graham, B.W. Diers, A.D. Farmer, G.D. May, G.J. Muehlbauer, J.E. Specht, Z.J. Tu, N. Weeks, W.W. Xu, R.C. Shoemaker, C.P. Vance Complementary genetic and genomic approaches help characterize the linkage group I seed protein QTL. BMC Plant Biology. 10:41. Delheimer, J.C., T. Niblack, M. Schmidt, G. Shannon, and B.W. Diers. Comparison of the effects in field tests of SCN resistance genes from different resistance sources. Crop Sci. 50: Melito, S., A.L. Heuberger, D. Cook, B.W. Diers, A.E. McGuidwin, and A.F. Bent A nematode demographics assay in transgenic roots reveals no significant impacts of the Rhg1 locus LRR-Kinase on soybean cyst nematode resistance. BMC Plant Biology. 10:104. Severin, A.J., J.L. Woody, Y.T. Bolon, B. Joseph, B.W. Diers, A.D. Farmer, G.J. Muehlbauer, R.T. Nelson, D. Grant, J.E. Specht, M.A. Graham, S.B. Cannon, G.D. May, C.P. Vance and R.C. Shoemaker RNA-Seq Atlas of Glycine max: A guide to the soybean transcriptome. BMC Plant Biology 10:160.

3 Kim, M., D.L. Hyten, A.F. Bent, and B.W. Diers Fine mapping of the SCN resistance locus rhg1-b from PI Plant Genome 3: Perez, P.T., B.W. Diers, P. Lundeen, G.M. Tabor, and S.R. Cianzio Genetic analysis of new sources of soybean resistance to brown stem rot. Crop Sci. 50: Talks given at meetings Studies on the genetics of SCN resistance in soybean Department of Agronomy, Purdue University. February 15, Fine mapping rhg1-b Soybean Breeders Workshop. St. Louis, MO. February 21, Breeding with genes that increase seed protein concentration Soybean Breeders Workshop. St. Louis, MO. February 21, Breeding soybean for SCN resistance in the Midwest Soybean Breeders Workshop. St. Louis, MO. February 23, Public soybean breeding research in a private variety world Illinois Soybean Research Forum. Urbana, IL. March 8, Studies on the genetics of SCN resistance in soybean Dow AgroSciences. Indianapolis, IN. March 26, Germplasm and breeding initiative update Illinois Soybean Association summer field tour. Urbana, IL. July 20, Aphid resistance: from fine mapping to cultivar development 13 th Biennial Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Soybean Conference. Durham, NC. August 10, Gains from 80 years of soybean breeding Agronomy Day. Urbana, IL. August 19, Studies on the genetics of SCN and aphid resistance in soybean EMBRAPA Soybean Research Center, Londrina, Brazil. September 8, Studies on the genetics of SCN and aphid resistance in soybean University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. September 10, Soybean improvement through application of genetic resources and technology 56 th Congresso Brasileiro de Genetica, Guaruja, SP, Brazil. September 16, A. Managed Research Area: Southern Illinois Project Title: Breeding non-gm varieties Reporting Period: September 1 st August 31 st, 2010 Program Coordinator: Stella K. Kantartzi, Dept. of Plant Soil and Ag. Systems, Rm#176, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, Carbondale, IL , Tel. 618/ kantart@siu.edu B. Brief executive summary of accomplishments: Southern Illinois Breeding Program has as an ultimate goal to develop new non-genetically modified varieties by improving crop yield potential, protein and oil content and also resistance to diseases such as sudden death syndrome, frogeye leaf spot, soybean cyst nematodes and soybean vein necrosis virus. C. Accomplishments:

4 Support from Illinois Soybean Association is essential for continuing our current projects and start new ones. In breeding research, goals are long term and funding is used for identifying new genes that confer disease resistance or improve crop yield and quality. D. Deliverables: In April of 2010, we released a new germplasm line, LS , with competitive yield and a good resistance package to FLS, SDS and SCN. E. Impact statement: We aim to boost yield, protect against yield losses, and add value to the seed in collaboration with University of Illinois U-C. 1. Development of high yielding varieties with improved protein and oil content SIU-C breeding program is working towards the identification of high-yielding varieties with improved protein and oil content using a multi-location breeding system. The result of this continuous effort was the release of a new germplasm line, LS with competitive yield and a good resistance package to FLS, SDS and SCN. In addition, in summer of 2010 we planted hundreds of germplasm lines for preliminary, intermediate and advanced yield evaluation in multiple locations in Southern Illinois area that will allow us to identify more promising plant materials for potential releasing. 2. Development of varieties with resistance to Frogeye Leaf Spot (FLS) Thirty-one high-yielding lines were planted at ultra-low plant density field designs and randomized complete blocks at two different soil composition environments in Carbondale IL. Selected plants for high-yield potential and resistance to FLS were screened with SNP and SSR markers. Our goal is to identify highly resistant lines to FLS that will combine good yield potential and quality. 3. Evaluation of lines with resistance to Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS) Breeding for SDS is one of the primary goals of our program. In total, 55 advanced breeding lines were planted in three locations in Southern Illinois area (Carbondale, Carmi and New Haven) and were screened for disease incidence and severity comparing to susceptible check Spencer and resistant check Ripley for calculating disease index. In addition, in summer of 2010 we introduced four recombinant inbred populations for the molecular confirmation of existing QTLs and the possible discovery of new ones responsible for SDS resistance. 4. Evaluation of lines for resistance to soybean vein necrosis virus We identified a new virus threat, soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV), in Southern Illinois area and we started working on developing an easy-to-use, reliable and sensitive test for the virus that will allow detection early in the season and screening for resistance in advanced breeding lines. Lines are screened for resistance to SVNV under greenhouse conditions. Individual plant reactions are classified as resistant (asymptomatic plants) or susceptible (symptomatic plants). F. Technology transfer: Dabala R.R, W. D. Clark and S.K Kantartzi Identification of soybean lines resistant to Frog Eye Leaf Spot at ultra-low plant density APS annual meeting, August 7-11, 2010, Charlotte, NC Kantartzi S.K. Non-GM Soybean Variety Development

5 ISA Summer Tour, July 21 st, 2010, Carbondale, IL Zhou J., R.H. Wen, M. Newman, S.K. Kantartzi, M.R. Hajimorad and I.E. Tzanetakis Soybean vein necrosis virus: A new widespread virus in the Southeast and Midwest Southern Soybean Disease Workers 37 th annual meeting, March 10-11, 2010, Pensacola Beach, FL Dabala R.R., W.D. Clark W.D. and S. K. Kantartzi Selection at ultra-low plant density for resistance to frog-eye leaf spot within soybean lines Soybean Breeders/Plant Pathologists Meeting, February 22-24, 2010, St. Louis, MO Clark W.D. and S. K. Kantartzi Field evaluation and molecular screening of soybean lines for resistance to sudden death syndrome Soybean Breeders/Plant Pathologists Meeting, February 22-24, 2010, St. Louis, MO Clark W.D. and S. K. Kantartzi Can association analysis identify more QTLs for SDS in soybean? Plant and Animal Genome XVIII Conference, January 9-13, 2010, San Diego CA Kantartzi S.K., M. H. Reyes-Valdes, L. Ramos and K. Meksem SNP marker informativeness in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) lines Plant and Animal Genome XVIII Conference, January 9-13, 2010, San Diego CA Clark W.D., J. Slawinska, M. H. Reyes Valdes, J. Bond and S.K. Kantartzi Phenotypic and molecular evaluation of soybean germplasm resistant to frogeye leaf spot ASA-CSSA-SSSA, November 1-5, 2009, Pittsburgh, PA