RPCAnews ANALYSE INFORM PREVENT. Key messages. n 01 July Recommendations THE FOOD CRISIS PREVENTION NETWORK. Contents.

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1 PCAnews n 01 July 2016 THE FOOD CISIS PEVENTION NETWOK ANALYSE INFOM PEVENT Contents Key messages Agro-pastoral campaign Market situation Food and nutrition situation Network activities Who s who? ecommendations Strengthen protection measures for vulnerable populations and mobilise the significant funding required to implement the response plans; The overall food situation in June 2016 is satisfactory; the food reserve levels are good; markets are functioning well. Nearly 9.5 million people require food and nutrition assistance most of whom live in the Lake Chad basin due to the civil insecurity that is causing market interruptions and household livelihood losses. The gradual onset of the rainy season in the Sahel is improving the availability of drinking water for livestock but has not yet increased the availability of forage; grass cover is minimal and is only starting to grow now. The seasonal hydrological and climate information forecasts for the agro-pastoral campaign indicate a probability of average to above-average overall rainfall in the Sahelian belt, but below normal in coastal areas of Gulf of Guinea. Strengthen food and nutrition monitoring in the Lake Chad basin area to support the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures; Maintain market information monitoring to facilitate the timely detection of any dysfunctions that could impact the food and nutrition security of the populations; Maintain information monitoring in desert locust infestation areas in Chad, Mauritania, Mali and Niger. Photo: unicef, Camp for internally displaced people in Kwanaya, near the city of Yola, northern nigeria.

2 agro-pastoral CaMPaiGn Agro-pastoral campaign The agro-pastoral campaign currently under way got off to an early start in the central and eastern Sahel and in areas with desert locust habitat (Chad, Mauritania, Mali and Niger). The season was late in starting along the coastline. Cumulative seasonal rainfall in June 2016 as compared to normal ( period) As compared with the normal level, cumulative rainfall from the beginning of the season (March-May) was: Above normal in the eastern parts of Mali and Burkina Faso, in the west and in northern Niger; Normal to above normal in southern Mali, southern and western Burkina Faso, centralsouthern Chad and in the Gulf of Guinea countries; Normal to below normal in the western Sahel, Sierra Leone and Liberia. source : Emma station, Agrhymet/CILSS, June 2016 The quantities of water recorded in Mali in June did, nonetheless, allow for widespread sowing in the Sudanian areas (starting in May) and in the Sudano-Sahelian zone (starting in June). As regards the hydrological situation, flow in the main water courses is still low. However, this situation will improve with a gradual increase in rainfall in the coming months. With respect to the pastoral situation, grass cover is still minimal or almost non-existent in some areas of the Sahel, as shown by the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The situation involving livestock feed and drinking water is still a concern, especially in Chad and Niger, due to the depletion of feed supplies and the loss of surface water sources. This has had a negative impact on the physical condition of the animals and puts them at risk for contracting endemic diseases at the onset on the rainy season. Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), third ten days of June 2016 Limit of pastoral area > sources: SPOT VGT, POBA V, MESA, Agrhymet/CILSS, June PCANEWS, No. 01, JULY 2016 Food Crisis Prevention Network (PCA)

3 MarKEt situation As regards the desert locust situation in northwestern Africa, measures are being taken to combat groups of hoppers and adults in the southern parts of the Sahara, southern Morocco and the areas adjacent to northern Mauritania. Low numbers of adults are being reported in the northern parts of Mali and Niger. Given the situation and the civil security problems that are negatively affecting these areas, an increased level of co-operation is needed between the agencies involved and the local communities in order to maintain information monitoring in at-risk areas in the frontline countries (Chad, Mauritania, Mali and Niger). The seasonal hydrological and climate forecasts for the Sahel and West Africa indicate a likelihood of average to slightly above normal rainfall overall throughout the entire Sahel belt, but below normal in the coastal areas of Gulf of Guinea countries. The end of season dates will be late to normal for most of the Sahel belt and the northern parts of coastal countries. Quite long dry spells could interfere with the cultivation of crops in the eastern parts of the Sahel and the postflowering period in the western half of the Sudano-Sahelian zone. Market situation Overall, markets are functioning at a satisfactory level with a good, regular internal cross-border supply of agricultural and food products, except in the conflict zone in the Lake Chad basin where the functioning of markets remains impaired. Over 10 million tonnes of marketable surplus grain is available to support the flow of goods (see map). Estimate of marketable surplus cereals ( campaign) t The overall price of major grains is up slightly. However, the price of corn has seen a sharper increase as compared with the average for the past five years, except in Niger and Senegal where the price fell t t t t t Mobilisable stocks in thousands of tonnes > 500 > 300 > 200 > 100 source: CILSS Calculated on the basis of consumption standards (corn, millet, sorghum and rice) and assuming that 50% of the surplus is being marketed. Variation in average grain prices Price Corn Millet Sorghum Local rice Imported rice Cereals Average price year average Variation 12% -3.2% 0.12% 0.7% 6.3% 3.6% source: CILSS Food Crisis Prevention Network (PCA) PCANEWS, No. 01, JULY

4 MarKEt situation Current cereal prices (March-April 2016) compared to five-year average price The main cereal prices are slightly up overall as compared with the five-year average: Corn prices are up; Millet and sorghum prices are down; Local rice prices are up; Imported rice prices are stable. Stable source: CILSS + Strong + Medium + Weak - Strong - Medium - Weak As regards other food products tubers and plantain in particular the price has increased due to a diminished supply, especially in coastal countries (Benin, Côte d Ivoire and Togo). The price of gari fell in Togo and Nigeria (see figure). Peanut and cow pea prices increased by 18% and 7% respectively, as compared with the five-year average. However, sesame prices dropped considerably, especially in Chad. As regards livestock prices, they are up overall as compared with the five-year average, except in Chad and Niger where prices fell. These price reductions are tied to a number of Price variations of food crops 100% 100 % 14% 20 % 3 % -12% -20 % 65 % 38 % -3 % Ghana Togo Benin Nigeria Côte d Ivoire Sierra Leone Cassava Yam Gari Plantain factors including the depreciation of the Nigerian naira and trade barriers, especially along the Chad-Nigeria and Chad-Central African epublic corridors. source: CILSS unicef 4 PCANEWS, No. 01, JULY 2016 Food Crisis Prevention Network (PCA)

5 Food and nutrition situation Food and nutrition situation Overall, the food and nutrition situation is satisfactory in Sahel and West African countries, except in the Lake Chad basin which hosts about 2.2 million internally displaced persons and refugees. June-August 2016 However, despite the good harvest, nearly 9.5 million people require food assistance as well as measures to protect their livelihoods and combat malnutrition. National and regional response plans to aid vulnerable populations have been developed but the level of funding secured to implement these plans is still quite low. The lean period from June to August is particularly difficult for vulnerable populations; having exhausted their stocks of food from the previous campaign, many households are waiting for the new harvest. The nutrition situation remains a major concern, in particular in some areas of Sahelian countries and in Nigeria. Nearly 5.9 million West African children under the age of five may suffer from acute malnutrition in 2016 Agrhymet/CILSS Source: Analysis of the Cadre harmonisé, egional consultation on the food and nutrition situation, Accra, March 2016 including 1.9 million from its most severe form, if adequate measures are not taken. This is very much a structural problem that emphasises Phases of food insecurity None or minimal Stressed Crisis Emergency Famine Not analysed the need to address the root causes of food insecurity and which confirms the relevance of the Global Alliance for esilience (AGI). Estimated number of people in the food crisis (3) to emergency (4) phases, in millions 9,5 6, ,4 4,4 0,6 1,3 Sahelian countries* Gulf of Guinea countries Nigeria West African and Sahelian countries* March-May 2016 June-August 2016 *CILSS estimates, without Cape Verde and Sierra Leone Food Crisis Prevention Network (PCA) PCANews, No. 01, july

6 network activities Network activities PCA at the World Humanitarian Summit 2016 The first World Humanitarian Summit was held on 23 and 24 May in Istanbul, Turkey. Bringing together governments, development partners, humanitarian organisations and people affected by humanitarian crises, the summit was a forum to discuss the most pressing humanitarian challenges and to set an agenda for humanitarian action in the future. Participants debated five core respon- sibilities: 1) Prevent and end conflict; 2) espect rules of war; 3) Leave no one behind; 4) Working differently to end need; and 5) Invest in humanity. At a side event on Walking the Last Mile: A joint global analysis of food crises to inform planning and resource allocation decisions, organised by the European Union, FAO and the WFP, CILSS Executive Secretary Djimé Adoum shared the experience of the Sahel and West African region in the prevention and management of food insecurity. Mr. Adoum said that a global network for the analysis of food and nutrition situations would have to be based on regional blocs that could negotiate consensus and validate a common vision before data is aggregated at the international level. The West African region is a pioneer in this field. For more than 30 years, it has been developing analytical and governance tools (Cadre harmonisé, Charter for Food Crisis Prevention and Management, etc.) that have allowed it to reach consensus. The ownership taken by regional actors and the network s connection with decision-making centres have also been key factors to its success. The commitments made at the World Humanitarian Summit will be summarised in a document and shared at the 71 st session of the UN General Assembly in September EU: Innovation for food and nutrition security A high-level event, organised by the European Union on 25 April in Brussels, brought together top development policy leaders and experts to discuss four key areas of food security: innovation, nutrition, resilience and financing in agriculture. CILSS Executive Secretary Mr Djimé Adoum participated in the high-level panel and shared West Africa s experience, in particular within the PCA. He also took part in a breakout session on resilience providing some insights from the Global Alliance for esilience (AGI). The event provided an opportunity to promote the PCA in a global context and drew attention to West Africa s success story in the field of food crisis prevention and management. In his opening statement, Mr Neven Mimica, European Commissioner for International Co-operation and Development, insisted that We need to change the way we do business in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The Executive Director of the World Food Programme, Ms Ertharin Cousin, called for a new collective approach. Feeding stomachs while saving lives is no longer good enough, she said and then added: Collective challenges require collective solutions. The high-level dialogue will compile findings and recommendations from the four panels and issue conclusions to guide partners in their future support and initiatives. Ms Ertharin Cousin, Executive Director, World Food Programme and Mr Mamadou Cissokho, OPPA Honorary President swac/oecd 6 PCANEWS, No. 01, JULY 2016 Food Crisis Prevention Network (PCA)

7 network activities ECOWAS and partners launch ECOWAP 2025 process Meeting in Abidjan from 30 May to 2 June, the ECOWAS Commission, member state delegates and their partners officially launched the process of formulating the second generation of National Agricultural Investment Programmes (NAIPs) and the egional Agricultural Investment Programme (AIP) for 2025 (ECOWAP 2025). Participants examined the methodological guide for the formulation process and agreed on a roadmap setting out the main steps in the process. According to the current schedule, ECOWAS expects to complete the formulation of the AIP in late December 2016 and that of the NAIP in June The guide offers eight operational steps (adoption of a steering mechanism, capacity building, assessment of the first generation NAIPs, adjustment of national agriculture plans and modalities of integration in the regional agricultural space, strategic planning, budgeting, validation and communication of results). Other critical conditions are implementation, monitoring and evaluation. The West African initiative is part of the continental process conducted under the auspices of the African Union in the framework of the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) and the Malabo Declaration (commitment to spend at least 10% of the public budget in the agricultural sector). Its success will depend heavily on national ownership and the effective mobilisation of countries to implement the roadmap. The ECOWAP Donor Group will undoubtedly have a key role to play in supporting the Sahel and West African countries. The multi-sectoral platforms established in the process of formulating National esilience Priorities (NP-AGI) should facilitate the process. AGI focal points will be closely involved in order to capitalise on their experience and integrate the identified resilience priorities into the new NAIPs. The UEMOA Ten-year community programme for agricultural transformation for food and nutrition security (PCD-TASAN) should also be taken into consideration. CILSS: A beacon institution deserving of support The 51 st ordinary session of the Council of Ministers of the Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS) was held on 30 June in Ouagadougou. Bringing together some 100 participants under the chairmanship of Mr Kassoum Denon, Malian Agriculture Minister and CILSS Co-ordinating Minister, the meeting served as a framework to review the activity report, the services provided to the 13 member countries, the orientations of new flagship projects at the regional level and the financial status of the organisation. The mandates of the Executive Secretary Mr Djimé Adoum, as well as the Director-General of the CILSS Agrhymet egional Centre, Mr Kouamé Guy Marcel Bouafou, were renewed. Mr Alexandre Deprez, Director of the USAID West Africa egional Mission and focal point for the technical and financial partners, reaffirmed the support of the partners. The Director of the Sahel and West Africa Club Secretariat (SWAC/ OECD) paid tribute to CILSS for its actions in favour of food security and resilience. I came here to show my respect to an institution that is a real blessing; an institution that no one today could consider removing from the Sahel landscape and now West CiLss Africa, Mr Laurent Bossard said. He expressed hope that, despite the difficulties, the organisation will continue to preserve and develop the capital of knowledge, experience and influence that has flourished through CILSS since its creation in Food Crisis Prevention Network (PCA) PCANEWS, No. 01, JULY

8 380, Av. du Pr. Joseph KI-ZEBO 01 B.P. 543 OUAGADOUGOU 01- BUKINA FASO Tél. : (226) à 76 Fax : (226) commission@uemoa.int Sites Internet : et network activities UNION ECONOMIQUE ET MONETAIE OUEST AFICAINE La Commission Programme Communautaire Décennal de Transformation de l Agriculture pour la Sécurité Alimentaire et Nutritionnelle dans l espace UEMOA (PCD-TASAN) Environnement Approprié des Affaires et d Investissements Agricoles Janvier 2016 UEMOA ten-year community programme for agricultural transformation for food and nutrition security (PCD-TASAN) This programme, adopted in March 2015, is the result of discussions by the UEMOA Commission under the guidance of the heads of state meeting within the High-Level Committee on Food Security. It will serve as a reference for the programming of the Union s interventions in the agricultural sector and food security for the next decade. The programme focuses on the development and promotion of value chains. The approach provides a coherent set of investments to bring together agricultural sector actors and to develop areas of growth. UEMOA authorities are seeking to promote an enabling environment to facilitate investment and access to credit for family farms. Developed in an inclusive manner and with the technical support of the FAO, the PCD- TASAN reflects the will of member states, partners and agricultural professional actors to begin the sustainable transformation of agriculture, to sustain economic growth and to improve the incomes of professional actors as well as food security in the region, according to UEMOA Commission President Mr Cheikhe Hadjibou Soumaré. The cost of the PCD-TASAN is estimated at nearly 758 billion CFA francs, of which 58% will go to component two on improving the productivity and dynamism of agricultural sectors. Who s who? Tchambakou Ayassor, ECOWAS Commissioner ECoWas Mr Tchambakou Ayassor, a Togolese national, was appointed as new ECOWAS Commissioner for Agriculture, Environment and Water esources on 11 March He is no stranger to the West African institutional food security landscape; he worked until 2012 as Director of the UEMOA Agriculture and Food Security Department, co-ordinating the implementation of the Union s Agricultural Policy (PAU). Before joining the UEMOA Commission in 2005, he worked for five years as a technical advisor to the Togolese Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries and was Director- General the Togolese Cotton Company SOTOCO for four years. Mr Ayassor has a long professional experience in rural development. He holds a degree in agricultural engineering from the University of Benin and a master s degree focusing on plant protection from the University of Connecticut (United States). Mr Ayassor will have to address many challenges during his mandate: the regional community has launched a process of developing a second generation of National Agricultural Investment Programmes (NAIP) and the egional Agricultural Investment Programme (AIP). Decisive progress is also expected on the implementation of the egional Food Security eserve that is managed by the ECOWAS egional Agency for Agriculture and Food (AAF). Most importantly, Mr Ayassor will have to affirm ECOWAS leadership and must in particular respond to the high expectations of West African agricultural producers organisations that are pushing for increased West African financing in the agricultural and food sectors. This PCANews was prepared on the basis of contributions from the following organisations: SAHEL AND Club WEST AFICA Secretariat