INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT INNOVATION LAB (IPM-IL), KENYA

Transcription

1 County Government of Kiambu INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT INNOVATION LAB (IPM-IL), KENYA Hon. Monicah Waiganjo (PhD) Presented during Tuta absoluta Workshop in Ethiopia (26-28 Nov. 2013)

2 IPM IL Project Team in Kenya Waiganjo, M.M; Mbaka,J; Amata, R; Otipa, M; Kuria, S; Kambo C. M, Kahinga, J; Gitonga, J; Wepukhulu,S; Gathambiri,C; Kinyua, Z;

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4 IPM CRSP Goals in Kenya Develop improved IPM technologies Increase household income Improve IPM research and education Increase gender equity and involvement of women in IPM decision making and program design IPM-CRSP Emphasis Multidisciplinary teams Multi-institutional teams On-farm research & participatory research The project embraces close linkages between research, extn and farmers. IPM CRSP

5 Constraints Lack of regional coordination and shared strategy Lack of an IPM research focus on higher-value horticultural crops Pests (insects, diseases and weeds) priorities were identified at a stakeholders meeting held in Nairobi Priority crops-tomato, passionfruit, onion, banana IPM CRSP

6 Tomato Production constraints Limited technical knowledge on high tunnel tomato production and grafting among the major tomato growers. 6

7 H. tunnel production system considerations IPM Strategies (Biotic) Exclusion double doors, foot bath, clean seedlings, insect proof netting Sanitation Inside and outside (weeds, crop residue, prunings) Scouting and monitoringvisual inspection, use of sticky traps Safe control of pests (whitefly bollworm, thrips, mites) Weather and soil factors (abiotic) Rainfall Affects slope of the structure Temperatures choice of material to use (net or plastic), shape and height of structure, ventilators. Wind strength and direction wind breakers Soil type planting method, irrigation and drainage, nutrition, diseases mgt 7

8 Common High tunnel Structures in Kenya The open frame is composed of wood, metal or plastic. The frame forms a basic A gothic/arched, or Quonset/U tunnel shape. The frame may form a single or multiple, attached (adjacent) units of these shapes. These are made either using frame metal, wood, or PVC pipes U SHAPED TUNNEL LOW COST WOODEN A FRAME GOTHIC ARCH 8

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10 Tomato Grafting against Bacterial Wilt, Ralstonia solanacearum A A Wilt susceptible but market preferred var. Onyx A Bacterial wilt resistant MT56 B B 10

11 Mwea Farmers tomato grafting training 11

12 Effects of grafting rootstock on tomato plant vigor and yield Grafted and un-grafted tomato Plant vigor (mean Yield tons/ha. height cm) 1 Anna grafted on Solanum 13.5± 3.35cd incanum ± 7.33d 2 Tylka grafted on Solanum 24.6± 2.35 c incanum ± 7.89cd 3 Anna F ± 7.33bc 1.45± 0.22d 4 Tylka F ± 7.23abc 0.56± 0.03de 5 Anna grafted on MT ± 8.33ab 58.50± 4.87ab 6 Tylka grafted on MT ± 8.67a 66.98± 6.89a 7 Anna grafted on TKA ± 8.62bcd 1.35± 0.04d 8 Tylka grafted on TKA ± 8.46bcd 0.23± 0.03de 9 Anna grafted on wild Cherry 71.5± 8.46cd 0.50± 0.12de 10 Tylka grafted on wild Cherry ± 9.11d 0.12± 0.01e CV p-value < <0.001

13 Soil solarization, a non chemical technique that captures radiant heat energy from the sun was found to control bacterial wilt in tomato grown in a high tunnel. Tomato grown in beds where the clear plastic sheet had been placed for 8 weeks had no bacterial wilt incidence compared to non-solarized tomato bed in Kirinyaga, Kenya (right).

14 Passionfruit activities Objectives To develop IPM packages for major pests of passion fruit including Fusarium wilt, dieback, brown spot, viruses and arthropod pests (aphids, leafminers, mealybugs, thrips) To transfer knowledge and technology packages to stakeholders through innovative farmer participatory approaches

15 Passion fruit activities at Juja, Central Kenya

16 Dieback disease symptom Initial and late stages of dieback

17 Evaluation of biocontrol agents and fungicides in control of brown spot disease On farm evaluation of T. asperellum, T. harzianum and Cu in controlling brown spot on PPF and KPF12 PPF + TA spray; PPF + TH spray; PPF +Cu spray;ppf/control KPF12 +TA spray; KPF12 +TH spray; KPF12 + Cu spray; KPF12/control Site; juja farm

18 Table 1: Dieback in PPF, KPF4 and KPF12 Treatment No Dieback % Dieback Alive % Dead due to dieback % PPF KPF KPF

19 Brown spot disease symptoms Brown spot on leaves, fruit and stem

20 Virus symptoms Fruit woodiness, ring spots and leaf curl and roll, mosaics and crinkling

21 Validation of virus diagnostic procedure developed at Ohio State university Uasin Gishu District Symptomatic and asymptomatic passion fruit samples for validation of the designed primers have been collected from farms Nakuru North

22 Farmer preferred onion varieties Variety Bungoma Kirinyaga Nyeri Red creole Bombay red Red tropicana Africa best Hybrid Pannar Others 81.0% 68.2% 77.5%.0% 18.2% 5.0% 1.7% 4.5% 2.5%.0% 9.1% 2.5% 15.5%.0% 11.3% IPM CRSP

23 Treatment Damage Number of Thrips 1)Need-based pesticide application after ± 0.022c 2.713d ± scouting (sprayed Confidor1st month,2 nd alternated with Decis 3 rd Month A.T.P. 2)Farmer practice (Spray with Decis at ± 0.040c 3.925c ± weeks A.T.P. and fortnightly thereafter. 3)Needbased pesticide application after ± 0.052c 4.544c ± scouting and use of biopesticides (Biopower/Metarhizium at 4 weeks A.T.P., alternating with Achook and Decis. 4)Need-based pesticide application starting as in 1 but sprayed during 2 nd ± 0.062b 6.663b ± month and 3 rd month. 5)Control ( No insecticide application) ± 0.066a a ± Cv p-value <.0001 <.0001 IPM CRSP

24 The IPM CRSP project has put KENYA in the World map Impact on policy Increased visibility Miriam Otipa explains her passionfruit research activities to Her Exellency H. Clinton, U.S Secretary of state accompanied by the Director, KARI and other dignitaries

25 Capacity building (Longterm) Deg ree Student s Gender Institution Exp.Comp letion date PhD 1Female JKUAT 2013 MSc 4 Females JKUAT/Kenyatta University 2012& 2013 MSc 1Female Makerere 2013 Bsc 1Male JKUAT 2013 MSc 1 Male Methodist 2014 IPM CRSP

26 Shorterm training (Ohio, Makerere, SUA. Cebrating success during Pest and Disease Diagnostics for Internation Trade and Food workshop at Ohio State University At Wooster in 2010 IPM CRSP