The Full bucket programme: an alternative model for innovation in dairy farming in Brazil

Transcription

1 PROJETO BALDE CHEIO The Full bucket programme: an alternative model for innovation in dairy farming in Brazil André L. M. Novo Embrapa South East livestock

2 Conventional model of technology transfer in dairy farming Top down End of the tube blueprint Mode 1 Research and development Extension service farmers Speeches, field days and other collective events have historically low impact on innovation at farm level

3 Distance between production systems and the knowledge frontier Institutional arrangements Knowledge frontier Infrastructure knowledge (adapted from Donward et al. 1998; in Giller, 2001) Farming intensity

4 DR. ARTUR CHINELATO DE CAMARGO, about new methods of production as well as the economic advantages of intensifying dairy production Quatis, RJ, 1999 PROJETO BALDE CHEIO How to address such demand?

5 Objective: continuous training and building partnerships at local level - Taking complexity of dairy farming into account - classroom in the field (demonstrative unit, small family farms) - Few theoretical courses - 4 years of periodical visits (every 4 months) - mutual learning - since 1999 but strong expansion from 2005

6 Many activities in dairy farming demand tacit knowledge

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8 Feeding strategies Integrated pool of technologies and processes

9 Integrated pool of technologies and processes Administrative processes

10 Integrated pool of technologies and processes Management practices Health and welfare Natural recomposition of riparian reserve

11 Integrated pool of technologies and processes Management practices Gradual introduction of specialized cows

12 Key elements of the Balde Cheio Programme a) Book-keeping: a tool for reflexion and innovation b) Recombination of technologies c) Trialling and experimenting at farm level d) Networking and sharing information e) The rhythm of technology introduction (the gear box model)

13 The gear-box model Formal knowledge Circulation of knowledge Farming systems in different contexts Farm 1 Farm 2.. Farm N Fodder production/diet Production systems: Preanalytical choices 1st. 20 hectare Management Genetic resources Agronomic practices Administrative practices 2nd. it 3rd. 15 hectare + 5 intense 10 hectare + 10 intense Rhythm Capital, prices relations Labour, farmer s goals Institutional arrangements Climatic events

14 Economic results were quantified for those who stay at least 3 years in the programme (n= 50, in 5 different regions) Gross margin/area Milk prices Lactating cows/area Milk volume Productivity Cow Productivity Labour Productivity Land (R$/ha/year) (R$/litre) (lact. cows/ha) (litres/day ) (litre/cow/da y) litre/man/da y (l/ha/year) 1 st. Year rd. Year 3273* 0.664* 1.83* 309* 9.79* 160* 8655* Relation 3 rd /1 st (Novo et al. 2010)

15 Gross margin/area Milk prices Lactating cows/area Milk volume Productivity Cow Productivity Labour Productivity Land (R$/ha/year) (R$/litre) (lact cows/ha) (litres/day) (litre/cow/day) litre/man/day (l/ha/year) 1 st. Year rd. Year 3273* 0.664* 1.83* 309* 9.79* 160* 8655* Relation 3 rd /1 st The synchronized application of different strategic processes and the rhythm of introduction may be more relevant than the characteristics of individual technologies (Novo et al. 2010)

16 Impacts on sustainable intensification: - Farmers increased productivity per area and can follow environmental regulations (set aside for riparian reserve) without loosing income. - Many cases of diversification of activities (wood, sugarcane, renting grassland, etc) due to lack of labour resources The experience of a new learning process: organic milk production in Serra Negra, SP.

17 Milk production/day Area for dairy (ha)

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19 Good results were obtained in different regions and biomes Table 1: states, technicians, dem onstrative units, assisted farms, and partnesrships in 2016 STATES MUNICIPALLITIES TECHNICIANS DUs AFs TOTAL FARMS PARTNERSHIPS ACRE BAHIA ESPÍRITO SANTO MARANHÃO MINAS GERAIS PERNAMBUCO PIAUÍ RIO DE JANEIRO RONDÔNIA SANTA CATARINA SÃO PAULO

20 Application of similar concept on other productive chains or systems

21 Conclusions It is a departure from the classical transfer of technology model towards a joint learning approach. Example of how different forms of knowledge and skills can be widely circulated, supported by institutional arrangements, networking and the flexible application of relatively simple techniques.

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23 Obrigado!

24 Sugarcane m 2 Tifton m 2 Sítio Boa Vista Valença, RJ Smallest farm (0,55 ha)

25 All fodder is produced at farm Average production in 2016 = 115 litros/dia Productivity = liters/ha/year tifton

26 Sítio Boa Vista Valença, RJ ordenha duplo 1x1

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