Disease Implications. Jan Slingenbergh FAO AGAH, Rome

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1 Disease Implications Jan Slingenbergh FAO AGAH, Rome 1

2 ZOOM OUT Wild meat and diseases Wildlife origin potential pathogens at the animal-human-ecosystems interfaces EID events at these same interfaces Interplay disease emergence drivers disease flare-up and MDGs SD roof and broader nexus of challemges as these relate to food and agriculture, Natural resource management, and Sustainable development.

3 Sustainable Development health food security well- being protein food food price animal land + health systems production feed water energy + sustainable agricultural and rural development bio-fuel natural resource management

4 Animal Production and Feed Safety Fisheries Animal Health and Food Safety Domestic Wildlife Socio-Economics conom onomic om cs Policies and Legislation Marketing and Trade Policies and Legislation Agro-Ecosystems and Land Use Multidisciplinarity of One Health* * Diagramme represents the AGA and Regional vision/contributions foreseen for FAO (December 2010)

5 Socio-economic development Food and agriculture Natural resource management Emerging disease dynamics

6 Human living environment Fauna in ecosystems Food and agriculture Emerging infectious disease agents increasingly intruding the human health domain?

7 Shift to the left One Health, One World Towards a world with safe, more robust and sustainable - Food and agriculture - Natural resource management - Socio-economic development

8

9

10 Drivers and Drivers Land use and climate change

11

12 Health system - DALYs: Example of persisting, disabling disease burden in humans NB: No equivalent yet available for the livelihood compromising animal diseases

13 - HIV - monkeypox - Ebola - SARS - Hanta - CCHF - WNV - Lyme disease - tick encephalitis Human living environment Fauna in ecosystems Food and agriculture

14 Human living environment Fauna in ecosystems Food and agriculture - HPAI - NDV - ASF - CSF - FMD SAT 1-3 brucellosis Africa: animal trypanosomosis, East Coast Fever

15 Emerging Infectious Diseases: - arboviruses (RVF, VEE) - HPAI H5N1 - Nipah Human living environment Fauna in ecosystems Food and agriculture Food and drug related: - BSE nvcjd - MRSA - E. Coli Campylobacter/Salm. - brucellosis Parasitic zoonoses: - echinocossosis - cysticercosis - trichinellosis

16 Wild meat and pandemic threats: all the big ones are there!!!!!! A Human living environment A HIV1 SARS B1 ASF B2 - Influenza Fauna in B2 ecosystems B1 Food and agriculture

17 ecological dynamics Equilibrium between pathogen invasiveness and the invasibility of the host environment pathogen disease genetic evolution

18 Emerging diseases: pathogen categories Disease emergence categories Disease emergence drivers categories What can be done about the drivers? - categories

19 Number of infected hosts

20 Climate change - disease Climate change T RH% spring water flows

21 Shift to the left One Health, One World Towards a world with safe, more robust and sustainable - Food and agriculture - Natural resource management - Socio-economic development

22 Microbes and toxic substances know of no boundaries healthy food and agriculture healthy humans public health food consumption food distribution + marketing waste pets + feral dogs/cats food animal processing live animal trade and transport safe food soil/water healthy fisheries and forestry arthropod vectors food animal production feed/food crops wildlife healthy animals feed processing healthy plants healthy ecosystems

23 WHO FAO/WHO Codex food safety food chain OIE farming food public health food cycle health waste scavengers - birds rodents carnivores bats insects eco-health animal health farming landscape AGAH IFA EMPRES/ FCC MF natural landscape IPM IPPC?

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