MICROBILOGY SPOTTING BY ~ VIVEK GUPTA

Transcription

1 MICROBILOGY SPOTTING BY ~ VIVEK GUPTA

2 STAINING

3

4 ACID FAST BACILLI ARE SEEN UNDER MICROSCOPE

5 CULTURE MEDIA

6 PETRI DISH USE FOR CELL CULTURE SUCH AS BACTERIA AND SMALL MOSSES STERILIZED BY AUTOCLAVE OR HOT AIR OVEN

7 NUTRIENT AGAR USED TO GROW NON FASTIDIOUS ORGANISM LIKE BACTERIA AND CERTAIN FUNGI

8 PEPTONE WATER TYPE OF SIMPLE MEDIA USED FOR = CULTIVATION AND ISOLATION OF MICROORGANISMS FOR HANGING DROP PREPARATION FOR PREPARATION OF SUGAR MEDIA

9 -BLOOD AGAR -TYPE OF ENRICHED MEDIA -STERILIZED BY AUTOCLAVE -USED FOR= CULTIVATION OF FASTIDIOUS ORGANISM AND TO CHECK HEMOLYSIS

10 MAC`CONKEY`S AGAR TYPE OF DIFFERENTIAL OR INDICATOR MEDIA CONTAIN NEUTRAL RED AS AN INDICATOR USES= FOR GROWING INTESTINAL ORGANISM, TO DIFFERENTIATE LF FROM NLF COMPOSITION= PEPTONE, LACTOSE, SODIUM TAUROCHOLATE, AGAR, NUTRAL RED, AND WATER

11 CHOCOLATE AGAR TYPE OF ENRICHED MEDIA STERILIZE BY AUTOCLAVE USES= FOR GROWING ORGANISM SUCH AS NEISSERIA AND HAEMOPHILUS

12 Cystine lactose electrolyte deficient agar TYPE OF DIFFERENTIATING AND INDICATOR MEDIA USE FOR THE GROWTH OF URINARY ORGANISMS

13 Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar TYPE OF SELECTIVE MEDIA USE FOR THE ISOLATION OF VIBRIO SPECIES

14 Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) is a selective medium primarily used for the isolation of dermatophytes, other fungi and yeasts but can also grow filamentous bacteria such as Nocardia.

15 Kirby-Bauer antibiotic testing (also called KB testing or disk diffusion antibiotic sensitivity testing) uses antibiotic-containing wafers or disks to test whether particular bacteria are susceptible to specific antibiotics Müller-Hinton agar is a microbiological growth medium that is commonly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing OR NUTRIENT AGAR TOO

16 LOEFFLER`S SERUM SLOPE TYPE OF ENRICHED MEDIA IT IS A SOLID MEDIA WITOUT AGAR USE FOR GROWING DIPHTHERIAE AND FOR DEMONSTRATION OF METACGROMATIC GRANULES

17 LOWENSTEIN-JENSEN MEDIA A SOLID MEDIUM WITHOUT AGAR USED FOR M TUBERCULOSIS STERILIZED BY INSPISSATION

18 ROBERTSON COOKED MEAT MEDIA USED FOR GROWING ANAEROBIC ORGANISM AND FOR PREPARATION OF STOCK CULTURE

19 CASTANEDA BIPHASIC MEDIA... Biphasic media: A culture system comprising of both liquid and solid medium i the same bottle USE FOR DIAGNOSIS OF BRUCELLOSIS

20 BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS

21 UREASE TEST SPLITS UREA TO AMMONIA PHENOL RED IS A INDICATOR POSITIVE= PINK COLOUR eg. KLEBSIELLA AND PROTEUS NEGATIVE = PALE YELLOW COLOUR

22 INDOLE TEST DECOMPOSE TRYPTOPHAN INTO INDOLE POSITIVE= A RED COLOUR RING eg. ECOLI AND PROTEUS NEGATIVE = YELLOW COLOURED RING

23 CITRATE TEST UTILISATION OF CITRATE AS A SOLE SOURCE OF CARBON FOR GROWTH RESULT ALKALINITY POSITIVE = BLUE COLOUR ON SLANT NEGATIVE = NO CHANGE IN COLOUR [GREEN]

24 -PHENYLPYRUVIC ACID TEST -ABILITY OF ORGANISM TO DEAMINATE PHENYLALANINE TO PPA -POSITIVE= GREEN COLOUR -NEGATIVE= NO CHANGE IN COLOUR -EXAMPLE PROTEUS AND MORGANELLA

25 -VP is a test used to detect acetoin in a bacterial broth culture -Methyl Red (MR) test is a biochemical test performed on bacterial species to detect the ability of an organism to produce stable acids end products (Mixed-acid fermentation) from supplied glucose

26 If the bacteria possess catalase (i.e., are catalase-positive), when a small amount of bacterial isolate is added to hydrogen peroxide, bubbles of oxygen are observed. The catalase test is done by placing a drop of hydrogen peroxide on a microscope slide. The oxidase test is used to identify bacteria that produce cytochrome c oxidase, an enzyme of the bacterial electron transport chain. (note: All bacteria that are oxidase positive are aerobic, and can use oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor in respiration. This does NOT mean that they are strict aerobes.

27 Coagulase test is used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus (positive) from Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS).Coagulase is an enzyme produced by S. aureus that converts (soluble) fibrinogen in plasma to (insoluble) fibrin

28 Nitrate reduction test is used for the differentiation of members of Enterobacteriaceae on the basis of their ability to produce nitrate reductase enzyme that hydrolyze nitrate (NO3 ) to nitrite (NO2 ) which may then again be degraded to various nitrogen products like nitrogen oxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia (NH3)depending on the enzyme system of the organism and the atmosphere in which it is growing.

29 TRIPLE SUGAR IRON TEST Lactose, Sucrose and Glucose in the concentration of 10:10:1 IS THE CONSTITUENT

30 GLASSWARE AND EQUIPMENTS

31 AUTOCLAVE A METHOD OF MOIST HEAT STERILISATION ABOVE 100 C TEMPERATURE IS 121 C AT 15 POUND PRESSURE FOR 15 MINUTE USE FOR STERILISATION OF GLOVES, CULTURE MEDIA, DRESSING ETC.

32 SEITZ JAR STERILIZATION BY FILTRATION USE FOR STERILIZATON OF SUGAR, ANTIBIOTIC SOLUTION ETC.

33 MCINTOSH JAR USE = TECHNIQUE FOR ANAEROBIASIS METHYLENE BLUE IS USED AS INDICATOR IT BECOME COLOURLESS IN ANAEROBIC CONDITION

34 CANDLE JAR USE= FOR PROVIDING 5-10% CO2 FOR BACTERIAL GROWTH = FOR RECOVERY OF SOME FASTIDIOUS MICROORGANISM WHICH REQUIRE MICROAEROPHILIC ATMOSPHERE

35 VDRL SLIDE IS A FLOCCULATION TEST USE TO PERFORM FOR DIAGNOSIS OF SYPHILIS CARDIOLIN ANTIGEN IS USED IN VDRL TEST

36 MICROTITRE PLATE UE TO PERFORM ELISA [ HIV, HEPATITIS, MYCOBACTERIAL ] CONTAINS 96 WELLS

37 INOCULATING NICHROME WIRE AND LOOP USE FOR = INOCULATION OF CLINICAL SPECIMEN ON MEDIA = TO TRANSFER BACTERIAL GROWTH FROM ONE TO ANOTHER MEDIA STERILIZED BY = BY MAKING IT RED HOT BY BUNSEN-BURNER FLAME

38 STERILE SWAB USE = FOR COLLECTION OF SPECIMEN FROM THORTH CERVIX LOCAL LESION STERILIZES BY HOT AIR OVEN UNPLUGGED SWAB TUBE SHOULD NEVER BE USED

39 TUBERCULIN SYRINGE USE = IN TUBERCULIN TEST = IN LEPROMIN TEST = IN BCG VACCINE = FOR INSULIN STERILIZED BY HOT AIR OVEN AND GAMMA RADIATION

40 PARASITOLOG Y

41 PLASMODIUM VIVAX GAMETOCYTES PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM GAMETOCYTES

42 CYST OF E. HISTOLYTICA OVAL IN SHAPE CONTAIN FOUR NUCLEI QUADRINUCLEATE CAUSE AMOEBIC DYSENTERY AND AMOEBIASIS ROUTE IS BY INGESTION OF CYST

43 EGG OF ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES BILED STAIN FERTILISED IF OVAL AND NON FERTILISED IS ROUND INGESTION IS ROUTE AND INFECTION BY EMBRYONATED EGG

44 EGG OF ANCYLOSTOMA DUODENALE FILIFORM LARVA IS INFECTIVE NON BILED STAINED

45 EGG OF ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS NON BILE STAINED COMMON MANE IS TAPEWORM OR PINWORM ROUTE OF INFECTION IF BY CONTAMINATED FOOD AND WATER

46 EGG OF H. NANA NON BILE STAINED CONTAIN ONCOSPHERE WITH THREE PAIR OF HOOKLET ROUTE IS BY CONTAMINATED FOOD AND WATER

47 EGG OF TRICHURIS TRICHIURA BILED STAINED BARREL SHAPED WITH MUCOUS PLUG AT EACH POLE INFECTION BY INGESTION OF EGG

48 CYST OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA OVAL IN SHAPE CONTAIN FOUR NUCLEI CAUSE MALABSORPTION

49 THANKS