Brigitte Chabbert, Véronique Aguié-Béghin, Johnny Beaugrand, Bernard Kurek, Gabriel Paës

Transcription

1 1 Deconstruction of lignocelluloses for understanding the features that govern mechanical, structural and adhesion properties of polymers in plant cell wall Brigitte Chabbert, Véronique Aguié-Béghin, Johnny Beaugrand, Bernard Kurek, Gabriel Paës COST action FP Stockholm 2012

2 Presentation of FARE lab 2 Fractionation of Agro-Resources and Environment Joint lab between: French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) Reims Champagne-Ardenne University (URCA) Research activity Fractionation and upgrading of plant biomass for non-food applications Reims

3 Presentation of FARE lab Research Area 3 Research projects developped around a central question: deconstruction of lignocelluloses Three application fields defining applications and partnership: White biotechs Energy Synthons Deconstruction of lignocelluloses Environment Soil fertility Cycles C, N, S, P Agromaterials Composites Fibrous materials Goals: Identify and hierarchize lignocelluloses (LC) locking points towards deconstruction

4 Presentation of FARE lab Partnership and Projects 4 Regional National International Energy & Synthons Xylocos (region) Futurol (OSEO) Stockactif (ANR) Biocore (FP7) Environment CN cycles (region) Sselves (region) Futurol (OSEO) Sofia (ANR) Biocrust (ANR) Pepites (ANR) Materials Maprofi (CPER) Matoren (CPER) Nanobio (CPER) Defibrex (ANR) PT-Flax (ANR) Sinfoni (OSEO) Polychanvre (FEDER) Fibragen (FP7) Parternship U. Lille, Reims, Troyes FRD IFPEN, INRA (Marseille, Mons, Montpellier, Narbonne, Orléans, Toulouse) U. Amiens, Compiègne, Lille U. Bremen (DE), Edmonton (CA), Leuven (BE), Santa Maria (BR) Aimplas (ES), Embrapa (BR), IRD

5 Presentation of FARE lab Scientific Production 5 Period peer-reviewed articles 70% ranked in the first quartile of their category (Journal Citation Reports ) 31% with international collaborators 18 PhD thesis defended 22 post-graduate students (Master) + 28 under-graduate students

6 LC defibrization for agrocomposites Influence of Compounding Conditions on Defibrization and Mechanical Properties 6 Twin screw extrusion as a tool to understand fiber isolation and compounding - Continuous thermo hydro mechanical process to fractionate fibrous LC -Mechanisms of fiber isolation and mixing with polymer - Specific mechanical energy determination Temperature Residence time Screw speed, Parameter modeling (SME) emp fiber (moisture content, feed rate) + polycaprolactone Composites: - Fiber dimensions (L/D ratio) - Mechanical properties of injection-molded specimen Beaugrand & Berzin, J. Appl. Polym Sci., 2012

7 LC defibrization for agrocomposites Influence of Compounding Conditions on Defibrization and Mechanical Properties 7 - The fibers are subject to severe defibrization (decohesion and fragmentation) during the extrusion process. - Relationships can be proposed between the fiber aspect ratio (L/D), the SME and mechanical properties of composites. Decohesion, fragmentation, surface properties: Micromechanical properties of LC Contribution of amorphous polymer in the LC properties * Design and properties of bio-inspired LC assemblies

8 Design of bio-inspired LC assemblies 8 eterogeneous distribution of polymers Covalent/non covalent interactions * Non cellulosic polysaccharides Non cellulosic polysaccharidelignin Cellulose nanocrystals Non cellulosic polysaccharidecellulose ydrogen-bonds van der Waals and ydrophobic interactions Ether bonds Nanostructuration of bio-inspired LC assemblies Boukari et al, Carbohydrate Polymer, 2012 ; Paës & Chabbert Biomacromolecules, 2012 ;ambardzumyan et al, Biomacromolecules, 2012

9 Design of bio-inspired LC assemblies Nanomechanical properties Film analysis : AFM (controlled T C, R) cellulose 0.00 Complex LC film Langmuir-Blodgett and spin-coated films from bio-inspired LC assemblies 0.00 Surface force microscopy of LC assemblies Nanomechanical properties of LC assemblies emicelluloses LC assembly (cellulose/lignin/hemicellulose) Adhesion force application/validation on natural fibers underprogress Estephan et al, submitted Col. LRN Univ Reims

10 Design of bio-inspired LC assemblies Probe mobility : cell wall architecture 10 hemicellulase Mobility Confocal microscopy Cross-linked xylans (ferulate cross linkage of grass GAX /laccase) Dextran- FITC 7 6 MF Diffusion coefficient Mobile fraction MF MF Fluorescent probes Polysaccharides (Dextrans) Proteins (BSA, CBMs) LC Enzymes Diffusion (10-7 cm 2.s -1 ) MF Mobile fraction (%) Tools to study enzymatic deconstruction of LC biomass MF ydrolysis time (min) 75 Paës & Chabbert Biomacromolecules, 2012