Data Sharing and Reuse of Government Data in Data Driven Ecosystems

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1 Data Sharing and Reuse of Government Data in Data Driven Ecosystems Implementation of European Interoperability Framework and PSI Directive in Finland and National Initiaves Dr. Tuomas Pöysti Under-Secretary of State for Governance Policy and Digitalisation Oslo 14 November 2017

2 Context: exciting times and the change of an era European judicial, legislative and regulatory activism European Legal Space for fundamental rights and freedoms: right to protection of personal data and right to privacy ECJ judgments GDPR European information area => free flow of data in Digital Single Markets GDPR, Proposal for Regulation on a Framework for Free Flow Data, PSI Directive Far-reaching societal change the main driver Platform economy and public administration as platform Personalised services, everything as a service New data analytics and machine learning 2

3 Interoperability Definitions: ability to interact towards mutually beneficial goals and ability to share information and knowledge

4 Interoperability is part of the rights-friendly infrastructure Interoperability, a prerequisite for good administration as fundamental right good governance and good government transparency and access to information and universal service competition data portability reuse of information resources MyData - Informational self-determination in the digital era 4

5 European Interoperability Framework Harmonisation trough co-ordination of Member States activies - a limited scope of direct application National Interoperability Principles Member State 1 European interoperability principles Sectorial Interoperability Principles National Interoperability Principles Member State General model to be followed and used as a supportive framework 5

6 EIF provides a supportive framework In Finland the focus lies on user-centric public e-services for citizens and businesses and common IT-services for government agencies. Adoptable and supportive framework when creating common service providers, delivering and maintaining definitions and instructions to interoperability in all four different layers, and operating with large scale business transformation. 6

7 So far in Finland In the Footsteps of EIF Open Data Programme A national Open Data Portaland a guideto open data National Architecture for Digital Services A platform for digital services, with a single identity and single sign-on suomi.fi Services: - Act on Common Support Services for Public Administration eservices (2016) Enterprise Architecture A national framework for ICT development work and steering good tool for describing processes and systems but poor in creating real, alive interoperability? SADe eservices and edemocracy Programme web-based services

8 INFORMATION POLICY FRAMEWORK (published 10/2017) Long term definitions and principles concerning producing, collecting, maintaining, opening, sharing, transfering, integrating, using and preserving information INFORMATION POLICY MEASURES DEVELOPMENT ACTION IN PROJECTS JOINT METADATA & INFORMATION MANAGEMENT (YTI) -KEY PROJECT ( ) Citizens take part in information management (MyData in Public Administration) Citizens can access their iown data accoring to the MyData principles while in administrative processes information flows smoothly. Semantically Interoperable and Linked Information in use Interoperability Workbench and National Metadata Architechture Describe data with subject headings - We are able to find data. Define content of data with terminologies - We understand data and information and therefore are able to re-use it. Harmonise data with common data vocabularies and reference data. All this as Linked (when possible Open) Data. National Data Exchange Layer Concept in use When there is a need to transfer data, it is implemented in this safe and adaptable way, common practices concerning also large files. Well defined governance and management roles and responsibilities prerequisite for collaboration Supports Open Government actions. Scale benefits in maintaining operations. Forms part of the foundatation for implementing Once-Only Principle. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ACT (into force 1/2019) 8 8

9 Creating National Metadata Architecture Terminological theory Applying EU-level framework into action: ropa.eu/isa2 /solutions/co revocabularies _en for example for example New tool(s) to support collaborate data modelling and reuse of resources: Interoperability Workbench to be published in January 2018 (by Population Register Center) 9

10 On the Agenda in Finland In Line with the New EIF Open Data Goals and action proposals : +tiedon+tavoitteet /c7e9c09c-c492-4f04- ac b0c4973b The Finnish legal databank Finlex made available as open data Digital by Default Digital First Cross-sector processes aims at hiding internal administrative complexity Administrative data MyData? Government Programme Legislative Change: Act on Information Management Governance in the Public Sector (2011) >> Information Management Act (Government proposal due to be submitted in sping 2018, into force 1/2019) Metadata Management Semantic Interoperability Focus on what is sent is what is understood smart tools and a national portal coming soon Support for multilingualism in bilingual country, for multilingual European community Agreed data formats linked data formal linkages 10

11 General legal foundations Openness in the Government Act (621/1999) (Freedom of Information Act) Act on the Information Management Governance in the Public Sector (634/2011) => Draft new Information Management Act (Proposal to be submitted Spring 2018) From document and ICT management driven approach to Service driven and Ecosystem and Platform & Process based approach covering the whole life cycle of data and information Focus on the interoperability 11

12 Challenges with the EIF deployment The independence of the public authorities is deep in the national legislation. The Ministry of Finance has the mandate to influence the ICT governance and purchases. The most essential part, business development, is out of scope. There is no global or cross border semantic interoperability. Heavy emphasis of earlier national approach on enterprise architectures => difficult model in practise 12

13 Coming Soon MyData Service(s) in Public Administration Interoperability Workbench Information provided is defined as human- and machine-readable semantic data models. Organizations developing Services register their service descriptions and other details through offered Registration Service. Registration Service draft Citizen s Service Catalogue Human-readable service descriptions of MyData Services. Registry of MyData Services Consent Management Service Suomi.fi privacy dashboard provides consent management logic and views to the Users. A specific, always up-to-date service registry for MyData Services and their machine-readable configuration. Interoperability of services is based on knowing their semantically coherent data models and APIs. Data Using Services register their processing purposes to the registry. 13

14 Challenges with the PSI Directive The well-established publicity principle => implementation was easy but not the change of information policy and practises open and reusable data requires much more than access to documents interoperability-portal necessary implementation tool Coping with time-lines and formalities of access and reuse requests Relation with the requirements of the protection of personal data Organisational scope of application wider than that of the Openness in the Government Act Fragmented practises on fees on access to data 14

15 Towards an ecosystem model of information governance Draft new Act on Information Management

16 Principles Effective data protection My data Data portability from the user perspective Data collection as a tool for customer initiated value creation Open data Open surface and interaction & integration layers Interoperability with user choice Data structures and core data under public ownership Equal utilisation rights while respecting privacy and security Standards, standard contracts and open participation rules Data portability Open interfaces and interfaces descriptions

17 Principles in information design / architecture Structured data albeit processing capacity for non-structured data increases Up to date Linked and connected Independence from software and applications => open standards Accessibility Usability 17

18 Reuse of public sector data and information assets From sector specific to general solutions VALTIONEUVOSTO.FI 18

19 Government Proposal for an Act on the Secure Secondary Use of Social and Health Data Public and private benefits => knowledge society, data and innovation driven economy Building and enabling services ecosystem and innovation platform medical and clinical advancement => better care prevention of social exclusion - better impact of services and early interventions population based health and social services management = new knowledge by data mining and data analytics social and health sector growth strategy - market potential for growth 10 billion One stop access point for access to data from various registers and sources, easier access and reuse Creation of a secure environment for the use of pseudonymised and anonymised data - information security 19

20 From sector-specific legal solutions to general information policy The Government Proposal for Secure Secondary Use of Social and Health Data Single Access Authority / Authorities Platform to grant access to resources and to be responsible for data set combilation; Information Authority Single Service Operator: Information Service Office - business model for sharing information form all of Finland Scientific research, knowledge management and research, development and innovation uses, transparency purposes Different roles and occations for consent Next Step: general arrangement and new type of data resources authorities - attached to Statistics Finland? 20

21 Conclusive messages New models of governance and regulation are needed 2 There is an enhanced role for interoperability 3 European Interoperability Framework provides support 4 A hybrid governance model is needed for information policy New types of general legislation on information processing are needed 21

22 Towards the Digital Future with Context-sensitive Law and governance