Effective Reuse From consistent requirements to variant management

Transcription

1 Effective Reuse From consistent requirements to variant management Christof Ebert, Silke Riegraf, Vector Martin Bobert, Stihl V

2 Motivation Intelligent Reuse Change Project 2/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

3 STIHL the world s best-selling chain-saw brand since 1971 Welcome STIHL is a globally leading manufacturer of chain saws and other power tools for professional forestry and agriculture as well as for garden and landscape maintenance, the construction sector and the demanding private user. 3/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

4 Welcome STIHL Products Saws Lawn mowers Brushcutters Hedge trimmers Cut-off machines 4/29 Garden shredders Blowers PRODUCT GROUPS >> Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

5 Welcome Vector Consulting Services supports clients worldwide improves product development and product strategy, IT and provides interim management is as Vector Group globally present with 1750 employees and well over 400 Mio. sales offers with the Vector Group a portfolio of tools, software components and services is growing and thus continuously hiring Aerospace Digital Transformation Railway Automotive IT & Finance Medical 5/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

6 Motivation Business Challenges Vector Client Survey 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Mid-term challenges Complexity Management Security and Safety Connectivity Distributed Development Governance and Compliance Innovative Products Digital Transformation Efficiency and Cost 0% Others Short-term challenges 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Vector Client Survey Details: Horizontal axis shows short-term challenges; vertical axis shows mid-term challenges. Sum > 100% due to 3 answers per question. Strong validity with >4% response rate of 1500 recipients from different industries worldwide. Cost remains biggest short-term challenge across all industries. Connectivity and Digital Transformation evolved as a major challenge. 6/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

7 Motivation Intelligent Reuse Change Project 7/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

8 Intelligent Reuse Intelligent Reuse: Beyond Engineering Intelligent Reuse Strategy Concept Integration, certification Evolution Development Opportunistic Reuse Intelligent Reuse implies a strategic focus across the life-cycle connecting product management, engineering and operations 8/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

9 Intelligent Reuse Four Generic Strategies are Pursued One Module sets Several Platform based products 45% Same platform with individual modules for customization Standardized products 15% Standardized products for different markets Individualized products 15% High degree of individualization Module based products 25% One module set with different platforms for customization One Platforms Several Note: Percentages provide desired usage from current surveys Vector with clients. 9/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

10 Intelligent Reuse A Practical View on PLE and Intelligent Reuse PLE for software applications Software-driven foundations and principles Savings achieved at software applications with many variants Many strictly defined principles; but often dogmatically applied Handled inside the software teams, often combined with Scrum UML as lingua franca; everything is modeled Focus on mere software projects and limited scope Typically applied in rather small software teams Introduction easy within 1 year for application software Intelligent Reuse for systems Need translation to product culture with components and modularization Savings achieved with focus on testing, documentation, certification PLE methodology needs adjustment to specific context and markets Driven by product management, engineering, sales Top-down modeling to manage dependencies and variation Products with long life-cycle and high criticality, e.g. safety, maintainability Distributed development with suppliers and collaborative design Introduction needs thorough change management 10/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

11 Intelligent Reuse Change to Reuse often Fails Over 50% of reuse programs fail Initial cost savings not achieved No black box reuse Reasons Product management and sales not involved Change is underestimated and handled ad-hoc Insufficient know-how Inadequate method and tools Other reasons Pressure without ownership Insufficient know-how Internal resistance (e.g., interfaces) 13% 17% 22% 48% Sources: Vector Consulting Services / Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

12 Change Project Motivation Intelligent Reuse Change Project 12/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

13 Change Project Complex Systems: Initial Alignment Steps Strategy Project 1 concept, bid Integration, Validation Development Project 2 concept, bid Roadmap, Architecture, Governance Business case: short-term, long-term Components Evolution Options Features, which are currently not available Configurable Features Features that do not apply in all markets. Variation management maintained on as-needed base. Testdriven requirements. Standard Features Core features for all markets which evolve in a single track. Intelligent variation management for requirements, automatic testing, documentation, etc. Customized features 13/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

14 Change Project Method and Tool Support Model-based Development from Architecture Design to Series- Production Readiness Architecture Design Series- Production Development Requirements Design Test Series-Production Use Cases > Requirements Engineering > Function, System and Component Design > Software & System Design > Network Communication Design > Variant Management > Test Data Management > Change and Release Management > Design of Safety Relevant Systems Usability and Performance > Many Users > Sporadic Users Integration > Requested Import and Export Filters 14/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

15 Change WelcomeProject Trend ECUs for Small Combustion Engines Injection 64 KByte MS441 M Tronic 40 KByte Code Size [KB] FS100 first digital Igniter 2 KByte MS 280 I 1. Generation Engine management 4 KByte time Increasing functionality. Increasing code size Much higher effort for testing. 15/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

16 Software Specification and Test Starting point Change WelcomeProject Stihl Project: XXXX STIHL M-Tronic Autor 2/XXX Structure Exact description of each single function Discrete numbering of requirements Complete parameter list (800 Parameters) Versioned document with change log and history Size: ~180 pages Advantage Completeness with no room for interpretation Basis for error free implementation Mapping between RQM and test (full traceability) Project Manager: 2/YYY Dr. Mustermann 16/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

17 Change WelcomeProject Managing Software Variants Harmonisation MS 2 MS 1 FS 1 MS 1 Merge New Project Branch Baseline It s difficult to manage multiple projects by Word and Excel! 17/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

18 Change WelcomeProject Development process by PREEvision project start change request Project Specification (Reuse from other projects) Accepted Requirement Amendments CHM Found Specification Errors RQM Testcase Creeation TDM Test Scripts according to Test Planning Specification Project-Specification SWspecification (Automated) Test Stands (HIL) Suppli er Software Development Tools (modelbased SW-development) Testcase Run Results Check-in models Check-out models Found SW- Bugs Testcase scripts Source Control, Software Bug-Tracking 18/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

19 Change WelcomeProject Reusing existing requirements The baseline contains approved requirements of all variants New Projects will initially reuse requirements from the baseline Requirements are structured in packages by functions Custom metric Create Reuse Of Structure Copy complete structure (elements of meta class requirement package) into the projects product line Create reuse of each requirement in the selected structure Baseline Baseline Metric Create Reuse of Structure Project 1 Project 2 Project 3 Resuse in Projects reuse in different projects from one baseline Implementation in PREEvision 19/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

20 Change WelcomeProject branch Project specific changes require a branch from the baseline Reused requirements will be detached from baseline this process is implemented via a custom metric Custom metric Detach Reuse = Branch-Metric Copies requirement which needs to be branched Removes the reuse of the baseline requirement Creates a requirement link between the baseline and the branched requirement (the copy from step 1) and saves the version (# of check-ins) of the baseline in the link description The reused project after execution of Detach Reuse metric excerpt of the metric s Java code 20/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

21 Change WelcomeProject and merge Standardization of made requirement changes (in branches) in certain time intervals merge into new version of the baseline Metric Merge Branch into original requirement Copy branched requirement with all attributes into the according baseline requirement Delete branch requirement link Create a reuse of the new version of the baseline requirement in the project Delete branched requirement Standardization Project 3 Project 2 Project 1 Baseline Version 1 Version 2 21/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

22 Change WelcomeProject Data-based requirement management Implemented report generator for the project data sheets (uses calculation and diagram metrics) project data sheet report generator Metric Generate Diagrams Metric Calculate Values Schematic structure of project data sheet report generator and screenshots of.pdf export 22/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

23 Change WelcomeProject Test Data Management Create and manage Test case specifications (Test Case Description) Test case implementation (scripts, manual execution steps) Test run evaluation (test coverage, planning, statistics) Mapping between test-specifications, requirements and parameters Requirements Specifications Implementations Parameters Analysis RQM TDM Connection between RQM and TDM 23/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

24 Welcome Change Project Test Data Management Customizing for TDM Generate config files for test cases to parameterize scripts of automated test cases for HIL-testing Implement test case analysis on basis of test cases and whole SW-modules Calculate degree of maturity based on planned test phases and test case run results Overview over test case analysis Degree of maturity over time 24/ ANDREAS Vector STIHL Consulting AG & Services Co. KG GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

25 Change Project The Need for Change Categories Challenges Techniques Culture Organization Engineering Contractor and supplier Ownership of assets unclear Structure does not match product needs Reluctance to invest for future Feedback from market to engineering fails Too much project focus Complexity will grow Products needs new features Too many projectdriven requests will erode architecture and reusability Low incentive for maintaining reuse Less control Strengthen coherent product strategy and product-driven organization Optimize product management, engineering and integration organizations Commit clear reuse targets, related to market, revenues, cost, technical debt Create conscious product culture Drive projects from products, not vice versa Perform business case for new features: short-term vs. long-tern cost/benefits Install proactive market-driven reuse connected to development, test, documentation, certification Establish strong change board to judge tradeoffs based on overall business case Maintain product and components roadmap as master for all changes Rigorous two-way traceability Establish consistent tool support Motivate and reward conformance to productline specifications Include source code in supplier agreements 25/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

26 Change Project Reuse Project: Strategic Change and Deployment Strategic Level Align engineering, product management and sales on targets and implementation approach Perform rigorous reviews on roadmap, change requests, feature prioritization, market communication, dependency management, etc. Provide a change map with timeline, dependencies (people, projects, markets, platforms) and strategic relevance Establish organization to align stakeholders in product management, engineering, sales Apply strict governance criteria, namely short-term (cash flow from projects) vs. long-term (reuse of product) Deployment Level Start with few components which deliver results Consider activities with high savings potential, e.g., validation, automatic regression testing, certification, component-based documentation Manage the change process with specific targets, ownership, communication, periodic reviews, share best practices Update processes and tools along the way 26/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

27 Change Project Conclusions Intelligent reuse helps reducing cost and improving efficiency Modularization with tailored reuse concepts Cost savings levers: automatic regression test, documentation, certification, feature evolution, service-oriented business models Success factors Stepwise approach starting with requirements engineering Thorough management buy-in and leadership Strong product management with transparent product strategy Architecture competence and governance Major risks Unclear responsibilities and lack of ownership Insufficient change management, and thus fallback to the past 27/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

28 Change Project Further Reading Requirements Engineering Christof Ebert dpunkt.verlag 450 pages 5. fully reworked edition 2014 Chinese edition, 2013 The classic for systematically handling requirements. Written by a practitioner for practice easy to understand and to apply! During a joint project I experienced first hand that the author knows what he talks about." Hans Leibbrand, COO, Thales 28/ Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V

29 Thank you for your attention. Contact us We are glad to support you. Passion. Partner. Value. Vector Consulting Services Phone Fax Vector Consulting Services GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V