Appendix E. H y a t t C e n t e r Chicago, Illinois (71 South Wacker Drive) Appendix E. - Acoustics Calculations- - Construction Study-

Transcription

1 H y a t t C e n t e r Chicago, Illinois (71 South Wacker Drive) - Acoustics Calculations- - Construction Study- Patrick Hopple Structural Option Dr. Hanagan Spring 2005 Senior Thesis The Pennsylvania State University Department of Architectural Engineering

2 Acoustics Study Sound Power Levels Design Criteria I Shaft Speech/Conversation Office Background Noise Frequency Lp (s) Lp (s) NC-35 Curve Lp (s) db 57 db 45 db db 62 db 40 db db 63 db 35 db db 57 db 30 db db 48 db 25 db db 40 db 20 db Room Type NC-Rating STC-Rating (IBC 2003) Open-Plan Office NC-35/40 Min. STC 50 Lobby NC-40/45 Min. STC 50 Restroom NC-35/40 Min. STC 50 Section (Air-borne sound) Room Sizes (feet) L W H Area Volume (ft^3) Open-Plan Office* Lobby* Restroom Room Sizes (meters) L(m) W H Area Volume (m^3) Open-Plan Office* Lobby* Restroom *= One bay designed Wall Sizes L H SA Shaft Wall Lobby Restroom Cladding Page 1 of 6

3 Acoustics Study Absorption Coefficients Design Criteria II Absorption Coefficients α Octave Band Frequency Description Materials Cladding Shaft Wall Shaft Wall Bath Wall/Floor 10 (30) Office Floors Ceilings Shaft Floor/Ceiling AIR # (9 if needed) 10 (30) AIR Construction Materials Glass, heavy (large panes) Gypsum Board, 1/2" Thck (2x4's 16"o.c) Gypsum, 1 lyr 5/8" thck (fibrous insul) Marble or glazed tile walls (floors) Concrete or terrazzo Carpet, heavy on raised floors Acoustical board, 3/4" thck in suspension Shaft wall floor/ceiling Results Summary Freq. Office Req'd TL (db) Restroom Lobby Office Req'd STC Rating Restroom Lobby IBC 2003 Min STC 50 Page 2 of 6

4 Acoustics Study Open-Plan Office SA W-shaft 37.6 SA W-clad 48.0 S f /S c V Sound Absorption (sabines) a 2 (sabines) Freq. SA w-shaft α shaft SA w-shaft α shaft Office SA w-clad α clad SA floor α floor Sa ceiling α ceiling ΣSα α T 60 R t α room Transmission Loss Calculation Freq. Lp(s) Likely Noise in Shaft Minus NC-40 (-5dB) Bckgrnd in Office Required NR (db) Minus 10*loga 2 /S Required TL (db) Page 3 of 6

5 Acoustics Study Restroom SA W-shaft 62.7 SA W-rest 62.7 S f /S c 69.7 V Sound Absorption (sabines) a 2 (sabines) Freq. SA w-shaft α shaft SA w-shaft α shaft Rest SA w-rest α rest SA floor α floor Sa ceiling α ceiling ΣSα α T 60 R t α room Transmission Loss Calculation Freq. Lp(s) Likely Noise in Shaft Minus NC-35(-5dB) min. Bckgrnd noise in Restroom Required NR (db) Minus 10*loga 2 /S Required TL (db) Page 4 of 6

6 Acoustics Study Lobby SA W-shaft 37.6 SA W-lobby 18.8 S f /S c 41.8 V Sound Absorption (sabines) a 2 (sabines) Freq. SA w-shaft α shaft SA w-shaft α shaft Lobby SA w-lob α lob SA floor α floor Sa ceiling α ceiling ΣSα α T 60 R t α room Transmission Loss Calculation Freq. Lp(s) Likely Noise in Shaft Minus NC-35(-5dB) min. Bckgrnd noise in Restroom Required NR (db) Minus 10*loga 2 /S Required TL (db) Page 5 of 6

7 Acoustics Study Open-Plan Office Speech SA W-shaft 37.6 SA W-clad 48.0 S f /S c V Sound Absorption (sabines) a 2 (sabines) Freq. SA w-shaft α shaft SA w-shaft α shaft Office SA w-clad α clad SA floor α floor Sa ceiling α ceiling ΣSα α T 60 R t α room Transmission Loss Calculation Freq. Lp(s) Likely Noise in Shaft Minus NC-35 (-5dB) Bckgrnd in Office Required NR (db) Minus 10*loga 2 /S Required TL (db) Page 6 of 6

8

9

10

11 Life safety assurance for modern building designs Shaft Wall Systems

12 Performance Selector 1 Hour Fire-rated Construction Non-loadbearing Acoustical Performance Reference Construction Detail Description Test Number STC Test Number ARL Index wt. 8 5/8 SHEETROCK Brand Gypsum FIRECODE Core UL Des U415, 39 USG SA926 1 Panels, joints finished System A Based on 4 C-H studs 25 gauge 3 1 8" 2-1/2 USG C-H Studs 25 gauge 24 o.c. or U469 1 SHEETROCK Brand Gypsum Liner Panels 2 Hour Fire-rated Construction wt. 9 1/2 SHEETROCK Brand FIRECODE C Core Gypsum UL Des U415, 38 USG SA926 2 Panels, face layer joints finished System B 3 1 2" 2-1/2 USG C-H Studs 25 gauge 24 o.c. or U438 1 SHEETROCK Brand Gypsum Liner Panels 43 USG Based on 4 C-H studs 25 gauge 48 RAL-OT Based on 1 sound batts in cavity 50 RAL-OT Based on 4 C-H studs 25 gauge with 3 mineral fiber insulation wt. 8 3/4 SHEETROCK Brand ULTRACODE Core Gypsum UL Des U415, 51 RAL-OT SA926 3 Panels, joints finished System C Based on 4 C-H studs with 3 THERMAFIBER 4 3 4" 4 USG C-H Studs 25 gauge 24 o.c. SAFB insulation 3 THERMAFIBER SAFB 1 SHEETROCK Brand Gypsum Liner Panels wt. 10 1/2 DUROCK Brand Cement Board, joints finished UL Des U415, SA /8 SHEETROCK Brand FIRECODE Core Gypsum System D 3 5 8" Panels 2-1/2 USG C-H Studs 20 gauge 24 o.c. 1-1/2 THERMAFIBER SAFB 1 SHEETROCK Brand Gypsum Liner Panels DUROCK Brand Cement Board screw attached and laminated to gypsum panel with 4 vertical strip ceramic tile mastic centered between studs wt. 9 1/2 SHEETROCK Brand FIRECODE C Core Gypsum UL Des U415, 44 USG SA926 5 Panels System E Based on 4 C-H studs 25 gauge 3 1 2" 2-1/2 USG C-H Studs 25 gauge 24 o.c. or U467 1 SHEETROCK Brand Gypsum Liner Panels joints finished both sides wt. 10 1/2 SHEETROCK Brand FIRECODE C Core Gypsum UL Des U415, 53 USG SA926 6 Panels applied vertically, face layer joints finished System F Based on 4 C-H studs 25 gauge with 4" RC-1 resilient channel or equivalent 24 o.c. 2-1/2 USG C-H Studs 25 gauge 24 o.c. 1 SHEETROCK Brand Gypsum Liner Panels 58 3 mineral fiber insulation USG Based on 4 C-H studs 25 gauge with additional layer on liner panel side and 3 mineral fiber insulation wt. 8 1 x 2 perimeter angles 25 gauge UL Des U529 SA " 1 SHEETROCK Brand Gypsum Liner Panel, fastened to angles 1/2 SHEETROCK Brand FIRECODE C Core Gypsum Panels 1/2 SHEETROCK Brand FIRECODE C Core Gypsum Panels, joints finished 14 USG Shaft Wall Systems

13 Performance Selector Wall Systems Limiting Heights SHEETROCK Brand Shaft Wall Systems are engineered to withstand pressure loads and provide in-service impact resistance to ensure long-term performance and durability. Use this section to determine the size and gauge of framing for the system you select. You will need to know elevator pressures and other in-service demands. Structural Performance Impact-Resistant for Durability Impacted with a 60 lb. sand bag, SHEETROCK Brand Shaft Wall Systems proved durable. In the test, three impacts each were made at 15 ft.-lb., 30 ft.-lb., and each following 15 ft.-lb. interval until failure. At 270 ft.-lb. the test was stopped; while cracked, the wall was not penetrated. For additional information about abuse-resistant, secure or other hardened applications, contact United States Gypsum Company at 800 USG.4YOU. Flexing Resistance for In-Service Performance Shaft walls are subjected to both positive and negative pressures as elevator cabs rise and descend. This piston effect of an elevator in its shaft causes continual flexing of the shaft wall. In tests, SHEETROCK Brand Shaft Wall Systems were subjected to over one million full oscillation cycles to model wall performance through the life of the building. These tests showed that a 25 ga. J-Runner is inadequate at the top or bottom of a shaft wall. As the long runner leg is continually flexed from wall deflection, it can rupture and screws can strip out and fracture from the flexing. Oscillation tests showed 24 ga. J-Runners minimize these problems and are essential to long-term safety. Limiting Heights Maximum partition heights are shown for four different intermittent air pressure loads and three allowable deflections. The applied pressure load is selected by the designer based on elevator cab speed and the number of elevators per shaft. Instead of using only deflection criteria, United States Gypsum Company design data consider several additional factors in determining limiting partition heights. A. Bending stress the unit force exerted which will break or distort the stud. B. End reaction shear determined by the amount of force applied to the stud which will bend or shear the J-Runner or cripple the stud. C. Deflection the actual deflection under a load. Allowable deflection is based on the amount of bending under load that a particular wall can experience without exceeding a prescribed ratio related to partition height. Elevator Shaft Pressures The air pressure load on shaft walls depends upon the elevator cab speed and the number of elevators per shaft. The following recommendations are derived from United States Gypsum Company tests conducted in three high-rise buildings ranging in height from 17 to 100 stories. Recommended Elevator Shaft Pressure Load Elevator velocity ft./min. One or two elevators per shaft Three or more elevators per shaft 0 to psf 5.0 psf 180 to psf 5.0 psf 700 to 1, psf 7.5 psf 1,600 to 2, psf a 7.5 psf Note (a) Single-cab high-speed elevator shafts may require special design considerations. 16 USG Shaft Wall Systems

14 Wall Systems Limiting Heights Table Intermittent Air Pressure Fire-rated system B, D, F, G, H, I Fire-rated system E b Load (wind load) psf a Stud Type Designation Allowable and Size deflection 2-1/2 C-H Studs 212CH-18 L/ (f) 10 5 (f) 9 0 (f) 7 5 (f) (f) 10 5 (f) 9 0 (f) e 7 5 (f) L/ (d) 10 5 (f) 9 0 (f) 7 5 (f) 11 8 (d) 10 2 (d) 9 0 (d) 7 5 (f) L/ (d) 9 3 (d) 8 5 (d) 7 4 (d) 10 2 (d) 8 11 (d) 8 0 (d) 7 1 (d) 212CH-34 L/ (d) 15 9 (f) 13 8 (f) 11 2 (f) 17 7 (d) 15 4 (d) 13 8 (f) 11 2 (f) L/ (d) 13 4 (d) 12 1 (d) 10 7 (d) 14 0 (d) 12 2 (d) 11 1 (d) 9 8 (d) L/ (d) 11 7 (d) 10 7 (d) 9 3 (d) 12 2 (d) 10 8 (d) 9 8 (d) 8 6 (d) 4 C-H Studs 400CH-18 L/ (f) (f) (f) 9 8 (v) e (f) 13 9 (f) e 10 4 (v) e 6 11 (v) e L/ (f) (f) (f) 9 8 (v) e 16 3 (d) 13 9 (f) e 10 4 (v) e 6 11 (v) e L/ (d) 12 5 (d) (f) 9 8 (v) e 14 3 (d) 12 5 (d) 10 4 (v) 6 11 (v) e 400CH-34 L/ (d) 20 0 (d) 18 2 (d) 15 0 (f) e 23 7 (d) 20 7 (d) 18 5 (f) 15 0 (f) e L/ (d) (d) 14 5 (d) 12 7 (d) 18 9 (d) 16 4 (d) (d) 13 0 (d) L/ (d) (d) 12 7 (d) 11 0 (d) 16 4 (d) 14 3 (d) 13 0 (d) 11 4 (d) 6 C-H Studs 600CH-34 L/ (c) 27 7 (d) 24 8 (f) e 18 0 (v) e 28 0 (c) 26 5 (d) e 24 0 (d) e 18 0 (v) e L/ (d) (d) (d) 17 5 (d) e 24 0 (d) (d) e 19 0 (d) 16 8 (d) e L/ (d) 19 2 (d) 17 5 (d) 15 2 (d) (d) 18 4 (d) 16 8 (d) 14 6 (d) Double 6 E-Studs d 600ES-34 L/ (c) 28 0 (c) e 28 0 (c) e 20 0 (v) e 28 0 (c) 28 0 (c) e 28 0 (c) e 20 0 (v) e L/ (c) 26 3 (d) e 24 0 (d) e 20 0 (v) e 28 0 (c) 26 0 (d) e 23 6 (d) e 20 0 (v) e L/ (d) 23 0 (d) 21 0 (d) e 18 3 (d) e 26 3 (d) 22 9 (d) 20 6 (d) e 18 0 (d) e Fire-rated system C c Fire-rated system A c Stud type Designation Allowable and Size deflection 2-1/2 C-H Studs 212CH-18 L/ (d) 10 5 (f) 9 0 (d) e 6 0 (v) e L/ (d) 8 6 (d) 7 9 (d) e 6 0 (v) e L/ (d) 7 5 (d) 6 9 (d) 5 11 (d) 212CH-34 L/ (d) 14 8 (f) 12 9 (f) 10 5 (f) L/ (d) 12 3 (d) 11 1 (d) 9 8 (d) L/ (d) 10 8 (d) 9 0 (d) 8 6 (d) 4 C-H Studs 400CH-18 L/ (f) 13 9 (f) 10 4 (v) e 6 1 (v) e (f) 13 9 (f) 10 4 (v) e 6 1 (v) e L/ (d) 13 4 (d) 10 4 (v) e 6 11 (v) e (d) 13 4 (d) 10 4 (v) e 6 11 (v) e L/ (d) 11 8 (d) 10 4 (v) e 6 11 (v) e 13 4 (d) 11 8 (d) 10 4 (v) e 6 11 (v) e 400CH-34 L/ (d) 19 3 (d) 17 6 (d) e 15 0 (f) e 22 0 (d) 19 3 (d) 17 6 (d) e 15 0 (f) e L/ (d) 15 3 (d) (d) 12 2 (d) e 17 6 (d) 15 3 (d) (d) 12 2 (d) e L/ (d) 13 4 (d) 12 2 (d) 10 7 (d) e 15 3 (d) 13 4 (d) 12 2 (d) 10 7 (d) e 6 C-H Studs 600CH-34 L/ (c) 26 8 (d) e 20 2 (v) e 13 6 (v) e 28 0 (c) 26 8 (d) e 20 2 (v) e 13 6 (v) e L/ (d) 21 2 (d) e 19 3 (d) e 13 6 (v) e 24 3 (d) 21 2 (d) e 19 3 (d) e 13 6 (v) e L/ (d) 18 6 (d) 16 9 (d) e 13 6 (v) e 21 2 (d) 18 6 (d) 16 9 (d) e 13 6 (v) e Double 6 E-Studs d 600ES-34 L/ (c) 28 0 (c) e 28 0 (c) e 20 0 (v) e 28 0 (c) 28 0 (c) e 28 0 (c) e 20 0 (v) e L/ (c) 24 9 (d) 22 6 (d) e 20 0 (v) e 28 0 (c) 24 9 (d) 22 6 (d) e 20 0 (v) e L/ (d) 21 9 (d) 19 6 (d) 17 3 (d) e 25 3 (d) 21 9 (d) 19 6 (d) 17 3 (d) e Notes Runner fasteners should withstand 193 lb. single shear and 200 lb. bearing force; attachment spacing should not exceed 24 o.c. See the Performance Selector for system references and rated assembly details. L/180 data available upon request from United States Gypsum Company. Limiting criteria: f bending stress, d deflection, v end reaction shear, c practical limitation. (a) Stud spacing of 24 for all values. (b) For assembly with single-layer board both sides of studs. (c) For assembly with single-layer board attached to studs. (d) Attachment of USG Steel Double 6 E-Stud for SHEETROCK Brand Shaft Wall Systems. The studs are to be attached back-to-back (web to web) with pairs 1/2 of type S-12 pan head screws installed in two rows, spaced as widely apart as possible. The first and last pairs of fasteners shall start within 6 of each end of the studs. They shall then be spaced at a maximum of 12 on center throughout the body of the entire stud. (e) Use JR20 runner for this height. 17 USG Shaft Wall Systems

15 Performance Selector Wall Systems Limiting Heights Unlined Shafts Gypsum shaft walls have been used for many years for vent and air shafts. Their fire-resistant features and economical dry construction make them ideal for this use. To function properly, vent and air shaft systems should be designed with the following performance provisions: 1. Gypsum board surface temperature does not exceed 125 F. 2. Separate approved liners should be installed in areas subject to continuous moisture overspray, condensation or air stream temperature over 125 F. 3. Air stream dew point temperatures are maintained below gypsum board surface temperature. 4. The assembly is constructed to withstand sustained design uniform air pressure loads not exceeding 10 psf. Startup surge loads should not be greater than 1-1/2 times the design static load. (See table below for limiting heights.) 5. To ensure airtight construction, select appropriate sealants and apply where required. Sustained pressure load psf 2-hr. fire-rated system 1-hr. fire-rated system Stud Type Designation Stud Allowable and Size Spacing deflection 2-1/2 C-H Studs 212CH L/ a 6 0 a L/ a L/ a 212CH L/ L/ L/ C-H Studs 400CH L/ a 13 9 a 6 11 a L/ a a L/ a CH L/ a a L/ a L/ a 6 C-H Studs 600CH L/ a 26 8 a 13 6 a L/ a a L/ a Double 6 E-Studs 600ES L/ a 28 0 a 20 0 a L/ a a L/ a a Notes Runner fasteners should withstand 193 lb. single shear and 200 lb. bearing force; attachment spacing should not exceed 24 o.c. (a) Use JR20 runner for this height. 18 USG Shaft Wall Systems

16 Fire Rating Study Fire Resistance Ratings ANSI/UL 263 (BXUV) UL Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Fire Resistance Directory 2001 Volume Design No. U438 Nonbearing Wall Ratings 1, 2, 3, or 4 Hr (See Items 3&4) 1. Floor and Ceiling Runners J Shaped runner, min 2 ½ deep (min 4 in. deep when System C is used), with unequal legs of 1 in. and 2 in., fabricated from min 24 MSG (min 20 MSG when Item 4A is used) corrosionprotected steel. Runners positioned with short leg toward finished side of wall. Runners attached to structural supports with steel fasteners located not greater than 2 in. from ends and not greater than 24 in. OC. E Shaped studs (Item 2A) may be used as side runners in place of J shaped runners. 2. Steel Studs C-H shaped studs, min 2-1/2 in. deep (min 4 in. deep when System C is used), fabricated from min 25 MSG (min 20 MSG when Item 4A is used) corrosion-protected steel. Cut to lengths 3/8 to ½ in. less than floor-to-ceiling height and spaced a maximum 24 in. OC. 2A. Steel Studs (not shown) E shaped studs installed back-to-back in place of C-H shaped studs (Item 2) E Shaped studs secured together with steel screws spaced a maximum 12 in. OC. Fabricated from min 25 MSG (min 20 MSG when Item 4A is used) corrosion-protected steel, min. 2-1/2 in. deep (min. 4 in. deep with System C is used), with one leg 1 in. long and two legs ¾ in. long. Shorter legs 1 in. apart to engage gypsum liner panels. Cut to lengths 3/8 to ½ in. less than floor-to-ceiling height. 3. Gypsum Board* - 1 thick gypsum wallboard liner panels, supplied in nom 24 in. widths. Panels cut 1 less in length than floor to ceiling height. Vertical edges inserted in H shaped section of C-H studs. Free edge of end panels attached to long leg of J runners with 1-5/8 in. long Type S steel screws spaced not greater than 12 in. OC. Type SLX or equivalent fire code rated wallboard 4. Gypsum Board* - ½ in thick, 4 ft. wide wallboard applied vertically in two layers. Inner or base layer attached to studs with 1 in. long Type S steel screws spaced 24 in. OC along the edges in the field of the boards. Outer face layer attached to studs and J runners with 1-5/8 in. long Type S steel screws spaced 12 in. along the edges and in the field of the boards, staggered from screws in inner layer. Joints between inner and outer layer staggered. Outer layer joints covered with paper tape and joint compound. Exposed screw heads covered with joint compound. As an alternate method, inner wallboard layer applied vertically, outer wallboard layer applied horizontally. Inner layer attached to studs with 1 in. Type S. steel screws spaced 24 in. OC along vertical edges and in the field. Outer layer secured to inner layer wallboard with 1-1/2 in. long Type G steel screws located midway between studs and 1 in. from the horizontal joint. 4A. Gypsum Board* - (As an alternate to Item 4) 5/8 in. thick, 4 ft. wide. Attach as described in Item 4. 4B. Gypsum Board* - (As an alternate to Item 4) 5/8 in. thick, 4 ft. wide. Attach as described in Item 4 but with Type S-12 steel screws. 5. Caulking and Sealants* - (Optional, not shown) A bead of acoustical sealant applied around the partition perimeter for sound control. (Type AS) * Bearing the UL Classification Mark 1 of 1

17 Fire Rating Study Fire Resistance Ratings ANSI/UL 263 (BXUV) UL Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Fire Resistance Directory 2001 Volume 1 Design No. U419 Nonbearing Wall Ratings 1, 2, 3, or 4 Hr (See Items 3&4) 1. Floor and Ceiling Runner (Not shown) Channel shaped, fabricated from min 25 MSG (min 20 MSG when Item 4A is used) corrosion-protected steel, min width to accommodate stud size, with min 1 in. long legs, attached to floor and ceiling with fasteners 24 in. OC max. 2. Steel Studs Channel shaped, fabricated from min 25 MSG (min 20 MSG when Item 4A is used) corrosion-protected steel, min width as indicated under Item 4, min 1 ¼ in. flanges and ¼ in. return, spaced max of 24 in. OC. Studs to be cut 3/8 to ¾ in. less than assembly height. 3. Batts and Blankets* - (Required as indicate under Item 4) Mineral wool batts, friction fitted between studs and runners. Min nominal thickness as indicated under Item 4. See Batts and Blankets (BKNV or BZJZ) Categories for names of Classified companies. 3A. Batts and Blankets* - (Optional) Placed in stud cavities, any glass fiber of mineral wool insulation bearing on the UL Classification Marking as to Surface Burning Characteristics and/or Fire Resistance. See Batts and Blankets (BKNV or BZJZ) Categories for names of Classified companies. 4. Gypsum Board* - Gypsum panels with beveled, square or tapered edges, applied vertically or horizontally. Vertical joints centered over studs and staggered one stud cavity on opposite sides of studs. Vertical joints in adjacent layers (multilayer systems) staggered one stud cavity. Horizontal edge joints and horizontal butt joints on opposite sides of studs need not be staggered. Horizontal edge joints and horizontal butt joints in adjacent layers (multilayer systems) staggered a min of 12 in. The thickness and number of layers for the 1 hr, 2 hr, 3 hr, and 4 hr ratings are as follows: 1 of 2

18 Fire Rating Study Wall Board Protection on Each Side of Wall Rating Min Stud Depth # Layers & Thkns of Panels Min Thkns of Insulation (Item 3) 2 1-5/8 2 layers, ½ Optional in. thick 2 1-5/8 2 layers, 5/8 Optional in. thick 2 3-1/2 1 layer, ¾ in. thick 3 in. 4A. Gypsum Board* - (As and alternate to Item 4) 5/8 in. thick gypsum panels, installed as described in Item 4 with Type S-12 steel screws. The length and spacing of the screws as specified under Item 5. (Type FRX) 4B. Gypsum Board* - (As an alternate to Item 4 and 4A) 5/8 in. thick, 2 ft. wide, tongue and groove edge, applied horizontally as the outer later to one side of the assembly. Secured as described in Item 5. Joint covering (Item 7) not required. (Type SHX) 5. Fasteners (Not shown) Type S or S-12 steel screws used to attach panels to studs (Item 2) or furring channels (Item 6). Single layer systems: 1 in. long for ½ and 5/8 in. thick panels or 1-1/4 in. long for ¾ in. thick panels, spaced 8 in. OC when panels are applied horizontally, or 12 in. OC when panels are applied vertically. Two layer systems: First layer- 1 in. long for ½ and 5/8 in. thick panels or 1-1/4 in. long for ¾ in. think panels, spaced 16 in. OC. Second layer- 1-5/8 in. long for ½ in., 5/8 in. thick panels or 2-1/4 in. long for ¾ in. thick panels, spaced 16 in. OC with screws offset 8 in. from first layer. 6. Furring Channels (Optional, not shown, for single or double layer systems) Resilient furring channels fabricated from min 25 MSG corrosion-protected steel, spaced vertically a max of 24 in. OC. Flange portion attached to each intersecting stud with ½ in. long Type S- 12 steel screws. Not for use with Item 4A. 7. Joint Tape and Compound Vinyl of casein, dry or premixed joint compound applied in two coats to joints and screw heads of outer layers. Paper tape, nom 2 in. wide, embedded in first layer of compound over all joints of outer panels. 8. Caulking and Sealants* - (Optional, not shown) A bead of acoustical sealant applied around the partition perimeter for sound control. (Type AS) * Bearing the UL Classification Mark 2 of 2

19 Fire Rating Study Fire Resistance Ratings ANSI/UL 263 (BXUV) UL Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Fire Resistance Directory 2001 Volume 1 Design No. U415 System C 2 Hr 1 Nonbearing Wall Ratings 1, 2, 3, or 4 Hr Floor and Ceiling Runner J Shaped runner, min 2 ½ deep (min 4 in. deep when System C is used), with unequal legs of 1 in. and 2 in., fabricated from min 24 MSG (min 20 MSG when Item 4A is used) corrosion-protected steel. Runners positioned with short leg toward finished side of wall. Runners attached to structural supports with steel fasteners located not greater than 2 in. from ends and not greater than 24 in. OC. E Shaped studs (Item 2A) may be used as side runners in place of J shaped runners. 2. Steel Studs C-H shaped studs, min 2-1/2 in. deep (min 4 in. deep when System C is used), fabricated from min 25 MSG (min 20 MSG when Item 4A is used) corrosion-protected steel. Cut to lengths 3/8 to ½ in. less than floor-to-ceiling height and spaced a maximum 24 in. OC. 2A. Steel Studs (not shown) E shaped studs installed back-to-back in place of C-H shaped studs (Item 2) E Shaped studs secured together with steel screws spaced a maximum 12 in. OC. Fabricated from min 25 MSG (min 20 MSG when Item 4A is used) corrosion-protected steel, min. 2-1/2 in. deep (min. 4 in. deep with System C is used), with one leg 1 in. long and two legs ¾ in. long. Shorter legs 1 in. apart to engage gypsum liner panels. Cut to lengths 3/8 to ½ in. less than floor-to-ceiling height. 3. Gypsum Board* - Gypsum liner panels, nom 1 in. thick, 24 in. wide. Panels cut 1 in. less in length than floor-to-ceiling height. Vertical edges inserted in H portion of C-H studs or gap between the two ¾ in. legs of the E studs. Free edge of end panels attached to long leg of vertical J runners with 1-5/8 in. long Type S steel screws spaced not greater than 12 in. OC. When wall height exceeds liner panel length, liner panel may be butted to extend to the full height of the wall. Butt joints backed with 6 in. by 22 in. strips of ¾ in. thick gypsum wallboard (Item 4). Wallboard strips centered over butt joints and secured to liner panels with six 1-1/2 in. long Type G steel screws, three screws along the 22 in. dimension at the top and bottom of the strips. 4. Gypsum Board* - SYSTEM C - Gypsum panels, nom 3/4 in. thick, 48in. wide applied vertically of horizontally, secured with 1-1/4 in. long Type S steel screws spaced 8 in. OC along vertical edges and 12 in. OC in the field with installed vertically or 8 in. OC along the vertical edges and in the field with installed horizontally. Screws along side joints offset 4 in. Requires min 4 in. deep framing per Items 1, 2 and 3. Requires min 3 in. thick mineral wool batts per Item 6. Type X Fire Code Wallboard 1 of 2

20 Fire Rating Study 5. Joint Tape and Compound Vinyl of casein, dry or premixed joint compound applied in two coats to joints and screw heads of outer layers. Paper tape, nom 2 in. wide, embedded in first layer of compound over all joints of outer panels. 6. Batts and Blankets* Min 3 in. (System C) thick mineral wool batts, friction fitted between the studs and floor and ceiling runners. 7. Caulking and Sealants* - (Optional, not shown) A bead of acoustical sealant applied around the partition perimeter for sound control. (Type AS) * Bearing the UL Classification Mark 2 of 2

21 Fire Rating Study Fire Resistance Ratings ANSI/UL 263 (BXUV) UL Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Fire Resistance Directory 2001 Volume 1 Design No. U906 Bearing Wall Rating 2 Hr Nonbearing Wall Rating 2 Hr 1. Concrete Blocks* Nominal 6 by 8 by 16 in., hollow or solid. Classification D-2 (2-hr) Anchor Concrete Products Inc. Allowable compressive stress of 57% of max allowable compressive stress in accordance with the empirical design method. Betco Block & Products Inc, DBA Arthur Whitcomb Westbrook Concrete Block Co. Inc. Allowable compressive stress of 75.6% of max allowable compressive stress in accordance with the empirical design method. 2. Mortar Blocks laid in full bed of mortar, nom 3/8 in. thick, of not less than 2-1/4 and not more than 3-1/2 parts of clean sharp sand to 1 part Portland cement (proportioned by volume) and not more than 50 percent hydrated lime (by cement volume). Vertical joints staggered. 3. Portland Cement Stucco or Gypsum Plaster - Add ½ hr to Classification if used. Attached to concrete blocks (Item 1). 4. Foamed Plastic* - (Optional-Not Shown) 1-1/2 in. thick max, 4 ft. wide sheathing attached to concrete blocks (Item 1). BPB America, Inc. BPB Celotex Type Thermax * Bearing the UL Classification Mark 1 of 1

22 Differential Column Shortening Calculations Interior Core Column BF #4 Floor WT Col. Area Loads Dead 58 E= Live 76 2 Story HT Area = 1425 Accumlated Load, Kips n Column Shortening Length Correction Factor, each level, inch Lumped column length correction, in Say 1/2 in Say 7/8 in Say 3/4 in Say 3/4 in Say 3/4 in SUM Page 1 of 2

23 Differential Column Shortening Calculations Floor Exterior Column R5 or R16 WT (W14) Col. Area Loads Dead 55 Live 50 2 Story HT Area = Accumlated Load, Kips n Column Shortening Length Correction Factor, each level, inch Lumped column length correction, in Say 1/4" Say 5/8 in Say 3/4 in Say 1/2 in Say 1/2 in SUM Page 2 of 2

24 Shear Wall Estimate Estimate Shear Wall RSMeans Building Construction Cost Data 2000 WinEST Estimating Software ENR Price Index (Steel $) Description Units Quantity Bare Unit Costs Total including Material Labor Equipment Total O&P Material Labor Equipment Total Bare Total O&P Patent Slipform + crew SFCA $1.73 $4.16 $0.45 $6.33 $4.41 $557,779 $1,343,519 $145,508 $2,046,806 $1,425,974 Concrete 5ksi Concrete CY $71.50 $71.50 $78.50 $1,158,300 $0 $0 $1,158,300 $1,271,700 6 ksi Concrete CY $81.50 $81.50 $90.00 $956,810 $0 $0 $956,810 $1,056, ksi Concrete CY $ $ $ $3,919,860 $0 $0 $3,919,860 $4,313,920 CY $6,034,970 $0 $0 $6,034,970 $6,642,220 Reinforcing Steel Gr 60 Material Deliver Installation 15" Wall Tons $ $18.00 $ $1, $1, $421,270 $10,741 $423,657 $855,668 $922,498 18" Wall Tons $ $18.00 $ $1, $1, $175,053 $4,463 $176,045 $355,560 $383,331 24" Wall Tons $ $18.00 $ $1, $1, $233,298 $5,948 $234,620 $473,865 $510,876 32" Wall Tons $ $18.00 $ $1, $1, $316,217 $8,062 $318,009 $642,289 $692,453 "C" Columns Tons $ $18.00 $ $1, $1, $148,684 $3,791 $149,526 $302,000 $325, $1,294,522 $33,005 $1,301,856 $2,629,382 $2,834,746 Placement Material Labor Equipment Crane and Bucket CY $47.00 $9.60 $56.60 $38.50 $0.00 $2,287, $467, $2,755, $1,874, Add per story (highrise) CY $0.82 $0.43 $1.25 $1.75 $0.00 $39, $20, $60, $85, per Story Total $88.00 $31.10 $ $ $0.00 $4,283, $1,513, $5,797, $6,133, Install Wall Reinforcing TON 2500 $ $12.53 $ $ $0 $960, $31,325 $991,325 $1,090,458 Embedded Plates EA 1600 $40.00 $40.00 $44.00 $0.00 $64, $0.00 $64, $70, Embedded Studs EA $14.00 $15.40 $350, $0.00 $0.00 $350, $385, Total $350, $64, $0.00 $414, $455, TOTALS $8,237,270 $6,684,364 $2,992,637 $17,914,271 $18,582,477 1 of 8

25 Braced Frame Core Estimate Estimate Braced Core RSMeans Building Construction Cost Data 2000 WinEST Estimating Software ENR Price Index (Steel $) Description Steel Units Quantity Bare Unit Costs Total including Type Material Labor Equipment Total O&P Material Labor Equipment Total Bare Total O&P Erection TON $0.00 $ $90.50 $ $4.41 $0 $5,499,412 $1,728,114 $7,227,526 $84,210 Steel Take-Offs Outer Comp. Beams A992 TON 3950 $ $ $ $2,231,750 $0 $0 $2,231,750 $2,454,925 Core Framing A992 TON 400 $ $ $ $226,000 $0 $0 $226,000 $248,600 Brace Diagonals A992 TON 3421 $ $ $ $1,932,973 $0 $0 $1,932,973 $2,126,270 Brace Beams A992 TON 1950 $ $ $ $1,101, $0.00 $0.00 $1,101, $1,211, Box Columns A572 TON 5366 $ $ $ $3,837,002 $0 $0 $3,837,002 $4,220,703 Columns A992 TON 2272 $ $ $ $1,283,614 $0 $0 $1,283,614 $1,411,975 Misc./Studs/Additional A36 TON 1736 $ $ $ $328,090 $0 $0 $328,090 $361,073 Bolts (30 bolts/ton) A325 EA $0.70 $2.21 $2.91 $4.81 $364,544 $1,150,919 $0 $1,515,463 $2,504, Shaft Wall Assembly U438 SF $3.57 $2.15 $5.72 $7.81 $1,154,181 $695,095 $0 $1,849,276 $2,524,973 8ksi Concrete Comp Col CY 2090 $ $3.15 $2.00 $ $ $277,970 $6,584 $4, $317,607 TOTALS $12,737,731 $7,352,009 $1,732,294 $21,822,034 $17,467,042 2 of 8

26 Hat Truss + Outrigger Estimate Estimate Hat Truss + Outriggers RSMeans Building Construction Cost Data 2000 WinEST Estimating Software ENR Price Index (Steel $) Description Steel Units Quantity Bare Unit Costs Total including Type Material Labor Equipment Total O&P Material Labor Equipment Total Bare Total O&P Erection TON $0.00 $ $90.50 $ $4.41 $0 $5,820,399 $1,828,980 $7,649,379 $89,125 Steel Take-Offs Outer Comp. Beams A992 TON 3950 $ $ $ $2,231,750 $0 $0 $2,231,750 $2,454,925 Core Framing A992 TON 400 $ $ $ $226,000 $0 $0 $226,000 $248,600 Brace Diagonals A992 TON 3421 $ $ $ $1,932,973 $0 $0 $1,932,973 $2,126,270 Brace Beams A992 TON 1950 $ $ $ $1,101,606 $0 $0 $1,101,606 $1,211,767 Box Columns A572 TON 6316 $ $ $ $4,515,678 $0 $0 $4,515,678 $4,967,246 Columns A992 TON 2049 $ $ $ $1,157,565 $0 $0 $1,157,565 $1,273,322 Hat Truss + Outrigger A992 TON 316 $ $ $ $178,441 $0 $0 $178,441 $196,285 Misc./Studs/Additional A36 TON 1809 $ $ $ $341,813 $0 $0 $341,813 $376,175 Bolts (30 bolts/ton) A325 EA $0.70 $2.21 $2.91 $4.81 $386,425 $1,219,998 $0 $1,606,423 $2,655, Shaft Wall Assembly U438 SF $3.57 $2.15 $5.72 $7.81 $1,154,181 $695,095 $0 $1,849,276 $2,524,973 8ksi Concrete Comp Col CY 2460 $ $3.15 $2.00 $ $ $327,180 $7,749 $4, $373,834 TOTALS $13,553,613 $7,743,241 $1,833,900 $23,130,753 $18,497,813 3 of 8

27 Braced Core + 2 Outriggers Estimate Estimate Core + 2 Outriggers RSMeans Building Construction Cost Data 2000 WinEST Estimating Software ENR Price Index (Steel $) Description Steel Units Quantity Bare Unit Costs Total including Type Material Labor Equipment Total O&P Material Labor Equipment Total Bare Total O&P Erection TON $0.00 $ $90.50 $ $ $0 $5,729,441 $1,800,397 $7,529,839 $8,282,823 Steel Take-Offs Outer Comp. Beams A992 TON 3950 $ $ $ $2,231,750 $0 $0 $2,231,750 $2,454,925 Core Framing A992 TON 400 $ $ $ $226,000 $0 $0 $226,000 $248,600 Brace Diagonals A992 TON 3421 $ $ $ $1,932,973 $0 $0 $1,932,973 $2,126,270 Brace Beams A992 TON 1950 $ $ $ $1,101, $0.00 $0.00 $1,101, $1,211, Box Columns A572 TON 6316 $ $ $ $4,515,678 $0 $0 $4,515,678 $4,967,246 Columns A992 TON 2049 $ $ $ $1,157,565 $0 $0 $1,157,565 $1,273,322 Hat Truss + Outrigger A992 TON 316 $ $ $ $178,441 $0 $0 $178,441 $196,285 Belt Truss + Outrigger A992 TON 319 $ $ $ $180,073 $0 $0 $180,073 $198,080 Misc./Studs/Additional A36 TON 1809 $ $ $ $341,813 $0 $0 $341,813 $376,175 Bolts (30 bolts/ton) A325 EA $0.70 $2.21 $2.91 $4.81 $393,118 $1,241,129 $0 $1,634,247 $2,701, Shaft Wall Assembly U438 SF $3.57 $2.15 $5.72 $7.81 $1,154,181 $695,095 $0 $1,849,276 $2,524,973 8ksi Concrete Comp Col CY 2460 $ $3.15 $2.00 $ $ $327,180 $7,749 $4, $373,834 TOTALS $13,740,378 $7,673,415 $1,805,317 $23,219,110 $26,935,581 4 of 8

28 Braced Core + 3 Outriggers Estimate Estimate Core + 3 Outriggers RSMeans Building Construction Cost Data 2000 WinEST Estimating Software ENR Price Index (Steel $) Description Steel Units Quantity Bare Unit Costs Total including Type Material Labor Equipment Total O&P Material Labor Equipment Total Bare Total O&P Erection TON $0.00 $ $90.50 $ $ $0 $5,729,441 $1,800,397 $7,529,839 $8,282,823 Steel Take-Offs Outer Comp. Beams A992 TON 3950 $ $ $ $2,231,750 $0 $0 $2,231,750 $2,454,925 Core Framing A992 TON 400 $ $ $ $226,000 $0 $0 $226,000 $248,600 Brace Diagonals A992 TON 3421 $ $ $ $1,932,973 $0 $0 $1,932,973 $2,126,270 Brace Beams A992 TON 1950 $ $ $ $1,101, $0.00 $0.00 $1,101, $1,211, Box Columns A572 TON 6316 $ $ $ $4,515,678 $0 $0 $4,515,678 $4,967,246 Columns A992 TON 2049 $ $ $ $1,157,565 $0 $0 $1,157,565 $1,273,322 Hat Truss + Outrigger A992 TON 316 $ $ $ $178,441 $0 $0 $178,441 $196,285 Belt Truss + Outrigger x 2 A992 TON 637 $ $ $ $360,146 $0 $0 $360,146 $396,160 Misc./Studs/Additional A36 TON 1809 $ $ $ $341,813 $0 $0 $341,813 $376,175 Bolts (30 bolts/ton) A325 EA $0.70 $2.21 $2.91 $4.81 $399,811 $1,262,260 $0 $1,662,071 $2,747, Shaft Wall Assembly U438 SF $3.57 $2.15 $5.72 $7.81 $1,154,181 $695,095 $0 $1,849,276 $2,524,973 8ksi Concrete Comp Col CY 2460 $ $3.15 $2.00 $ $ $327,180 $7,749 $4, $373,834 TOTALS $13,927,144 $7,694,545 $1,805,317 $23,427,007 $27,179,652 5 of 8

29 Construction Estimate Summary Material Labor Equipment Total Shear Wall $8,237,270 $6,684,364 $2,992,637 $17,914,271 Braced Frame $12,737,731 $7,352,009 $1,732,294 $21,822,034 Hat Truss $13,553,613 $7,743,241 $1,833,900 $23,130,753 2 Outriggers $13,740,378 $7,673,415 $1,805,317 $23,219,110 3 Outriggers $13,927,144 $7,694,545 $1,805,317 $23,427,007 Percentage of Costs Material % Labor % Equipment % Shear Wall Braced Frame Hat Truss Outriggers Outriggers Total Steel Tonnage Shear Wall Braced Frame Hat Truss Outriggers Outriggers Cost Breakdown Shear Wall Braced Frame Hat Truss 2 Outriggers 3 Outriggers Structural System Cost % Material % Labor % Equipment % 6 of 8

30 Typical Column Schedule Typical Column Schedule (W14) 2 Levels per Column BF Core Original Ext. Columns Outrigger Ext. Columns Floor 2 Story HT WT Tons/Col Line WT Tons/Col. Line WT Tons/Col Line SUM 418 SUM 164 SUM BX SUMS 55 BX SUMS 174 BX SUMS 44 W SUMS 109 W SUMS 81 W SUMS 7 of 8

31 Typical Brace and Beam Schedule Typical Brace & Beam Schedule BF Bays N-S) #1 24 #4 48 E-W Width North 67.5 #2 39 #5 39 Average South 67.5 #3 48 # ' total/fl SUM = 219 Braces/Diagonal (W14) Outrigger Member Weights BF Core Beams Floor 2 Story HT WT Tons/Floor N-S E-W WT Tons WT Tons/Floor N-S E-W Hat Truss+Outrigger W21x W14x W40x W14x SUM Belt Truss+Outrigger W21x W14x W40x W14x SUM SUM SUM BX SUMS 3421 W SUMS Page 8 of 8