Presentation Outline Latest Requirements on Safe Lifting Operations. Presentation Outline

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1 Latest Requirements on Safe Lifting Operations Satishkumar, Specialist, OSH Specialists Occupational Safety and Health Division, MOM Presentation Outline Presentation Outline Introduction WSH Act and Subsidiary Regulations Crane Statistics OPS Hornbill Case Studies 1

2 WSH Framework A Tiered-based Regulatory Regime A Guide to the Workplace Safety and Health (General Provisions) Regulations A Guide to the Workplace Safety and Health (Construction) Regulations A Guide to the Workplace Safety and Health (OOC) Regulations WSH Act WSH (RM) Regulations WSH (GP) Regulations WSH Sectoral Regulations WSH (OOC) Regulations Statutes Risk Mgt General Sectoral Topical Duty Holders under WSH Act Occupiers Employer / Principal Competent Persons Duty Holders under WSHA Installers & Approved Contractors Manufacturers & Suppliers Persons at Work 2

3 Legislation ACOP Guidelines WSH Framework A Tiered-based Regulatory Regime WSH Act Workplace Safety and Health Act The Key legal instrument to support new WSH Framework WSH Subsidiary Legislation Codes of Practices Industry Guidelines WSH (Risk Management) Regulations WSH (General Provisions) Regulations WSH (Construction) Regulations WSH (Shipbuilding & Ship-repairing) Regulations WSH (Operation of Cranes) Regulations WSH (Scaffolds) Regulations CP on Working Safely at Height CP on WSH Risk Management CP on Safe Lifting Operations at Workplaces SS567: CP on Factory Layout Safety, Health and Welfare Requirements SS536: CP for Safe Use of Mobile Cranes SS559: CP for Safe Use of Tower Cranes SS 497: CP for Design, Safe Use and Maintenance of Gantry Cranes, Overhead Travelling Cranes and Monorail Hoist SS 573: CP for Safe Use of Powered Counterbalanced Forlift SS528: Specifications for Personal Fall Arrest Systems CP20: CP for Suspended Scaffolds Technical Advisories, Guidelines and Compliance Assistance Toolkits and Collaterals on matters pertaining to Equipment Safety WSH Regulatory Framework for Hazardous Equipment & Machinery Hazardous Machinery & Equipment Key Features Explicit Duties for various stakeholders such as Occupier, Employer, Principal, Supplier, Installer and Person at Work WSHA Fifth Schedule Enhanced Regime for Hazardous Machinery & Equipment Scaffolds Lifting Equipment (LE) Including Cranes, Lifts, Work Platforms, Gondolas Forklifts Power Presses Bar-benders Pressure Vessel & Piping Equipment containing corrosive, toxic or flammable substances Welding Equipment Equipment for construction of Support Structures Explosive Powered Tools Abrasive Blasting Equipment For LE additional requirement for: Requirement for Registration Requirement for Statutory Examination by AEs Requirements for Installation by Approved Contractors Additional requirements under WSH Operation of Cranes Regulations 3

4 WSH Regulatory Framework for Machinery & Equipment Risk Management WSH (Risk Management) Regulations - Duties of Employers & Principals Assess Risk to workers before work commences Eliminate the risk where possible, or if not, take measures to control the risk through; Substitution Engineering Controls Administrative Controls Provision and Use of Suitable PPE Deliverables Establish Safe Work Procedures Communicate the risks and control measures to the workers Reducing Risks at Source Emphasize the need for comprehensive RA Duties to address risks placed on those who create them Assign liability to those who are in control of workplace risks WSH Regulatory Requirements for Lifting Safety Duties of Occupier of a Workplace WSHA, Section 11 (1) Provide a safe workplace to every person within premises (2) Provide safe access and egress to and from the workplace (3) Ensure that Machinery & Equipment at the workplace are safe for use WSH (GP), Reg 21 (1) Ensure all LM are tested and certified by AE at least yearly (2) Ensure all LM are operated by trained and competent operators 4

5 WSH Regulatory Requirements for Lifting Safety Duties of Owner of a LM WSH (GP), Reg 21 (1) Ensure all LM are of good construction, sound material and adequate strength (2) Ensure all LM are properly maintained in accordance with manufacturer s recommendations WSH Regulatory Requirements for Lifting Safety Duties of Installers and Erectors of a LM WSHA, Section 17 (1) Ensure all LM are installed, erected or modified safely WSH (OOC), Regulation 20 (1) Only ACC to install, repair, alter or dismantle mobile or tower crane 5

6 WSH Regulatory Requirements for Lifting Safety Duties of Principal or Employer of workers carrying out Lifting Operations WSHA, Section 12 & 14 (1) Conduct proper Risk Assessment before starting Work (2) Provide and maintain a safe Work Environment for the Works (3) Ensure adequate Safety Measures are taken in respect of the Work or Equipment used (4) Ensure that workers are not exposed to Hazards due to the Work (5) Develop and implement Emergency Procedures due to the Work (6) Ensure that workers received adequate instruction, information, training and supervision necessary for the Work WSH Regulatory Requirements for Lifting Safety Duties of Persons at Work carrying out Lifting Operations WSHA, Section 15 (1) Use the PPE provided for his personal safety (2) Co-operate with Principal or Employer (3) Shall Not willfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse any Equipment that may pose harm to himself or to others 6

7 WSH Crane Operations Safety of Legislative Cranes Regulations Framework Extension of Coverage Extension of coverage from Factories to all workplaces where any lifting operation involving the use of a Crane is carried out 2. Development and Implementation of Lifting Plan Lifting operations are high-risk activities that require thorough and prior planning. New Regulations require that a Responsible Person to establish and implement a Lifting Plan before any Lifting Operation. 3. Enhancement of Duties of Lifting Supervisors The enhanced duties includes: i. To supervise all lifting operations by a mobile or tower crane in accordance with the Lifting Plan ii. To brief all crane operators, riggers and signalman on the Lifting Plan WSH Crane Operations Safety of Legislative Cranes Regulations Framework Mandatory Training for Lorry Crane Operators Extension of coverage from Factories to all workplaces where any lifting operation involving the use of a Crane is carried out 7

8 WSH Regulatory Requirements for Lifting Safety Duties of Crane Operator carrying out Lifting Operations WSH (OOC), Reg 16 (1) Carry out operational tests before starting work on all limiting and indicating devices before any lifting operation is carried out. (2) Check if ground conditions are safe for travel or any lifting operation. (3) To ensure that any outrigger when it is required is fully extended and secured. (4) To ensure that the lifting plan has been briefed by the lifting supervisor before any lifting operation. (5) Not to hoist any object if the weight of the load could not be determined. (6) Not to engage in any act or manoeuvre which is not in accordance with safe and sound practice WSH Regulatory Requirements for Lifting Safety Duties of Lifting Supervisor carrying out Lifting Operations WSH (OOC), Reg 17 (1) To coordinate all lifting activities; (2) To supervise all lifting operation by a mobile crane or tower crane in accordance with the lifting plan (3) To ensure that only registered crane operators. Appointed riggers and appointed signalmen participate in any lifting operation (4) To ensure that the ground conditions are safe for any lifting operation (5) To brief all crane operators, riggers and signalmen on the lifting plan 8

9 WSH Regulatory Requirements for Lifting Safety Duties of Rigger carrying out Lifting Operations WSH (OOC), Reg 18 (1) Ensure that the slings used are of good construction, sound and suitable material, adequate strength and free from patent defect. (2) Ensure that an adequate number of legs of the sling are used. (3) Ascertain the weight of the load which is to be lifted. (4) Ensure that only proper lifting gears are used. (5) Ensure that the load to be lifted is secure, stable and balanced (6) To ensure that any loose load is placed in receptacle to prevent the load or part from falling during the lifting operation WSH Regulatory Requirements for Fall Prevention Duties of Signalman carrying out Lifting Operations WSH (OOC), Reg 19 (1) Ensure or verify with the rigger that the load is properly rigged up before he gives a clear signal to the crane operator to lift the load. (2) Give correct and clear signals to guide the crane operator in the manoeuvre of the load safely to its destination. 9

10 Code of Practice for Safe Lifting Operations at Workplaces Machine Medium Man 5M Model to Safe Lifting Method Material Top 4 Contraventions Lifting Plan Issues Lifting Plan Guidelines in Code of Practice on Safe Lifting Operations at Workplaces Design of Lifting Plan shall consider the various elements as below: Details of Load Details of Crane / LG used Rigging Method used Means of Communication Personnel involved Physical and Environmental considerations Sequence and Special considerations Sketch of Zone of Operation 10

11 Crane-related Accident Statistics Crane related WSH statistics generally remain the same in 2012 compared with 2011 Crane-related Fatalities 2007 to 2012 Crane-related DOs 2007 to 2012 Crane-related Injuries 2007 to Preliminary figures up to November 2012 Continual Strong Growth in Construction Sector 11

12 CRANE SAFETY TARGETED ENFORCEMENT Findings & Results 80 Worksites Targeted Fined 31 Companies Fined 300 Cranes Checked $32,000 Fines Issued 67 Contraventions Uncovered 5 Stop Work Orders Issued 12

13 Targeted Enforcement Operations Hornbill Special Enforcement Ops on Crane Safety Top 5 Common Contraventions Identified Failure to Maintain Cranes No Lifting Plan or Inadequate Lifting Plan Failure to implement PTWS Defective LG or LG not certified Using Cranes not examined or certified by AE Top 5 Common Contraventions include: 1. Failure to Maintain Cranes in good working order 2. Failure to establish and implement a proper Lifting Plan 3. Failure to implement a Permit to Work System (PTWS) for lifting operations 4. Using a defective Lifting Gear or Lifting Gear without certification; and 5. Using Cranes not examined and certified by AE. 13

14 Top 4 Contraventions Failure to Maintain Cranes Defective Safety Latches Safety Latches found to be defective on main hook and auxiliary hooks Top 4 Contraventions Failure to Maintain Cranes Faulty Safety / Indicating Devices Load Moment Indicators found to not be in working condition. Extremely dangerous as operator will not be able to accurately know the SWL for given radii Faulty Indicating Devices such as Boom Angle Indicators 14

15 Top 4 Contraventions Failure to Maintain Cranes Wire Rope Issues Damaged or Defective Main & Auxiliary Hoist and Luffing Wire Ropes Kinked Wire Ropes Corroded Wire Ropes Rope Alignment issues v v Top 4 Contraventions Lifting Plan Issues No or Inadequate Lifting Plan 15

16 Top 4 Contraventions Lifting Plan Issues No or Inadequate Lifting Plan Lifting plan did not address all loads to be lifted Generic weight of load provided SWL of Crane not indicated Radius for lifting operations not indicated Rigging method not included Top 4 Contraventions PTWS Issues No or Inadequate PTWS PTW did not clearly indicate lifting work PTW was not assessed PTW not approved 16

17 Top 4 Contraventions PTWS Issues No or Inadequate PTWS PTW did not clearly indicate lifting work PTW not approved Top 4 Contraventions Defective Lifting Gears Defective Lifting Gears Kinked or Defective Lifting Gears 17

18 Top 4 Contraventions Defective Lifting Gears Defective Lifting Gears Kinked or Defective LGs Corroded LGs Defaced or No LG tags LG not certified by AEs 18

19 JAN 2012 JAN Case 1- Mobile Crane Collapse at Worksite Case Study #1 Overloading Background Occupier A 50-ton truck mounted variable boom crane toppled over during concreting operations. There were no injuries. The Project involved the Construction of a Multi-storey Car Park within a Residential Estate Observation & Findings Lifting plan had no indication of the working radius and its respective SWL Electrical wire of the load sensor was damaged when the crane hit tree branches Crane Operator was aware of defective load sensor but continued lifting operation Likely that accident was due to overloading of the crane Intervention The site was issued with SWO The Crane Operator licence was suspended with immediate effect JAN Case Study #1 Overloading 19

20 FEB Case Study #2 Material Failure Background Occupier Observation & Findings A 55-ton Crawler Crane was lifting timber planks when the fly-jib suddenly buckled and collapsed. There were no injuries. The Project involved the Construction of 5-storey private residential building Crane Operator was on his first day at the worksite Investigations reveals possibility of unsafe operation of the jib causing it to buckle and collapse Forensic Investigations initiated to investigate the failure modes and mechanisms MAY Case Study #3 Overloading Background Occupier Observation & Findings On 18 May 2012, at about 1500hrs, the crane was lifting a container that weighed about tons onto the trailer flatbed when the crane suddenly flipped over vertically Lifting and Trucking Lack of proper planning in the execution of the lift Complacent lifting team Inadequate information about the load being lifted Intervention The occupier was instructed to stop all lifting operations pending a review of all the SWP and Lifting Plans 20

21 MAY Case Study #3 Overloading OCT Case Study #4 Overloading Background Occupier Observation & Findings On 10 July 2012 at about 1500 hrs, the Crane Operator, Mr Yeo Chow Eng was lifting a bundle of steel rebars from its original location (radius of about 22m) to another location about (28 to 30m) away using the 45 Tons Kato Truck Mounted Telescopic Mobile Crane. The Crane Operator was lowering the boom to further its reach when the crane toppled forward. There was no reported injury due to the incident. Construction Lack of proper planning in the execution of the lift Inadequate information about the load being lifted Marginal Overload of crane Unsafe Operation by crane operator Intervention The occupier was instructed to stop all lifting operations pending a review of all the SWP and Lifting Plans 21

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