USFS-Forest Products Laboratory's Priority Research Areas for Cellulose Nanomaterials and Biocomposites

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1 USFS-Forest Products Laboratory's Priority Research Areas for Cellulose Nanomaterials and Biocomposites Robert J Moon Materials Research Engineer Forest Products Lab robertmoon@fs.fed.us Adjunct Prof., School of Materials Science & Engineering Member of Renewable Bioproducts Institute Adjunct Prof., School of Materials Engineering, Member of Birck Nanotechnology Center RBI-Executive March, 2015

2 USFS-Forest Products Laboratory's Priority Research Areas for Cellulose Nanomaterials and Biocomposites U Agarwal, Z Cai, C. Clemons, B Illman, RJ Moon, W Nieh, A Rudie, R Sabo, G Schueneman, M Tshabalala, T Wegner, JY Zhu USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory One Gifford Pinchot Drive Madison, WI p: RBI-Executive March, 2015

3 Why Cellulose Nanomaterials? What can CNs do that no other nanoparticle can do? Light/Stiff/Strong Optical Surface Chemistry High Production Potential Low Cost Potential US Source Local Jobs Few EHS Concerns Renewable Sustainable Biodegradable Healthy Forests It is not one specific property that sets Nanocellulose apart from the rest, rather the unique combination of relevant characteristics that gives these materials utility Industry Societal Needs 3

4 Why Cellulose Nanomaterials? What can CNs do that no other nanoparticle can do? Light/Stiff/Strong Optical Surface Chemistry High Production Potential Low Cost Potential US Source Local Jobs Healthy Forests It is not one specific property that sets Nanocellulose apart from the rest, rather the unique combination of relevant characteristics that gives these materials utility Industry Societal Needs Few EHS Helps Concerns USFS Fulfil its Mission: Renewable Sustainable Biodegradable Caring for the Land and Serving People Goal: to achieve quality land management under the sustainable multiple-use management concept to meet the diverse needs of people. 4

5 USFS-FPL -CN R&D USFS Broad Program Areas FPL Broad R&D Platform Areas S S S S S S Scientist- ID specific Projects individual projects P P P P P P P P P P P Partners- ID Needs FPL Scientists - flexibility to pursue research within the context of overarching USFS Priorities and Goals 5

6 Outline USFS Snapshot Summary FPL Snapshot Cellulose Nanomaterials R&D Drivers, Approach, Focus Areas Research Areas Summary & Impact FPL Scientist Snapshots Cellulose Nanomaterials (CNs) CNCs CNFs Rod-like Fibril-like 6

7 Forest Land in US 751 million acers >50% Private USFS- Snapshot Forests Essential Climate control, CO 2 Clean water Habitat Products Jobs USDA-FS National Forest System State & Private Forests R&D Program Areas Fire Forest Health Invasive Species Resource Mgmt/Use Water/Air/Soil Inventory & Monitoring R&D Focus Areas Climate Change Adapt Biomass & Bioenergy Nanotechnology Water Management Urban Natural Resources R&D Structure 77 research units 67 locations 83 Exp. Forests 370 Research Natural Areas 500 Scientists 3000 employees Fire Hazard Opportunity: Remove dead wood Make CNs from Reduce fuel loading Create Nat'l Wealth Create Jobs Solve Critical Forest mgmt. Problems Guiding Principle: Healthy Forests Healthy Forest Products Industry 7

8 USFS -CNs R&D- Summary Drivers: Wood utilization & products Jobs Fire Reduction save lives, forests & $ R&D Priority Areas: Biomass & Bioenergy Nanotechnology Activities: In NNI since 2005 Organizing workshops/roadmaps Research Funding ~$4.5M/yr Pilot Scale CN processing ~$3.2M Public-Private Partnerships- FY2016 Budget Proposal: $80M President s budget 2 Nat'l Network for Manufacturing Innovation (NNMI) institutes Cellulose Nanomaterials Biomanufacturing and Bio-Based Products 8

9 Outline USFS Snapshot Summary FPL Snapshot Cellulose Nanomaterials R&D Drivers, Approach, Focus Areas Research Areas Summary & Impact FPL Scientist Snapshots Cellulose Nanomaterials (CNs) CNCs CNFs Rod-like Fibril-like 9

10 Forest Products Lab- Snapshot The Lab: Established in 1910, - Madison, Wisconsin Largest Federal Forestry Research Lab 45 Scientists, 155 total employees $20M/yr budget, ~$4.5M/yr on Nano ~10 Scientists on Nano R&D Focus Areas: Healthy & Sustainable Forests (use of forest biomass from forest restoration, fuels reduction, insect killed, invasive species, etc.) Nanotechnology/Nano-materials Advanced Structures/Green Building Bioenergy/Biorefinery Advanced Composites Defense/Homeland Security Use of Wood-based Materials 10

11 FPL -CNs R&D- The Drivers Healthy & Sustainable Forests: Find use of low-value forest biomass Develop Value-added Products Large Volume Uses In-Wood Processing Support Local Businesses Create Jobs in Rural America FPL R&D must satisfy USFS Mission! Healthy Forests Industry 11

12 VALUE FPI-Gov-Uni Research: Efficient Use of Renewable Resources CELLULOSE NANOMATERIALS USFS CNs Perspective Use lower cost wood SCRIMBER Increase Value GLULAM I-JOIST PARALAM COMPOSITE LVL LUMBER LUMBER TISSUE HARDWOOD PLYWOOD OSB PARTICLEBOARD MDF CHEMICALS PACKAGING PRINTING PAPER CONSTRUCTION PLYWOOD FUEL PELLET LIQUID FUEL POWER HARVEST RESIDUE MILL RESIDUE PULP WOOD SAW LOGS VENEER LOGS WOOD COST

13 FPL -CNs R&D- Approach Commercialization: Develop Underlying Science & Technology (Platform Technologies) Develop CN Supply (pilot plant facilities) Develop Partnerships (PPP) Develop New Applications Develop Road Maps to Advance Technologies Industry Consortium, Industry Associations, NNI, etc. Risk Reduction Environment-Health-Safety Develop Codes & Standards (for materials and new applications) Develop Market Studies for New Applications Develop Generic Business Case Development Technology Readiness levels

14 FPL -CNs R&D- Focus Areas Research/Development/Deployment: Production of CNs for Research and Scale-up Characterization Surface Functionalization CN-Composites Organic/Inorganic Composites Multi-Length Scale Modeling Manipulation of Tree Cell Wall Architecture Input: Broad areas of CN R&D FPL Scientists - flexibility to pursue research within the context of overarching USFS Priorities and Goals FPL nanotech: 14

15 Methods Sources Yields Drying Production Characterization Functionalization Composites Template Structures Separators/Barrier Dispersion Interface Durability New systems Structures FPL -CN R&D- Summary Particles & Comps Properties Distribution Interfaces Sacrificial Hybrid Padalkar et al. Uniform coverage New Chemistries Oxygen Moisture Chemical Predictive Modeling Hierarchical Mechanical Thermal Interface Dri et al. Flexible Electronics Printing Transfer Manufacturing 3-D Printing Roll-to-Roll Fibers Foams 15

16 FPL -CN R&D- Impact CNC-CNF Pilot Plants Scientists at Uni P 3 Nano Public-private Partnership TAPPI Nano Publications Market Analysis Conference: 2007 present Nanodivision 60+ peer review 1 book 50+ Conference 7+ patent apps Workshops USFS-NNI Road Mapping Partnerships Industry, Academia, Fed 16

17 USFS Funded CN Pilot Plants CNC & CNF Pilot Plant 2012, Forest Products Laboratory $1.7 Million CNC ~30kg/wk, batch process CNF ~ 5kg/wk, batch process CNF Pilot Plant 2012, University Maine $1.5 Million Upgrade CNF Facilities 1 ton/day, batch process 17

18 USFS Funded CN Pilot Plants CNC & CNF Pilot Plant 2012, Forest Products Laboratory $1.7 Million CNC ~30kg/wk, batch process CNF ~ 5kg/wk, batch process CN Distributed: April Jan private companies CNF Pilot Plant 2012, University Maine $1.5 Million Upgrade CNF Facilities 1 ton/day, batch process 90+ public research/academic institutions In 33 different countries CNF: > 5,500 lbs. CNC: > 350 lbs. 18

19 Partnerships in Nanotechnology October 2007 Access to Purdue Facilities & Resources Member: Birck Nanotechnology Center Initiate Efforts in CN: 7 Faculty, 9 Students October 2013 Access to GaTech Facilities & Resources Member: Renewable Bioproducts Institute Coordinate efforts Industry Cooperation December 2013 P 3 Nano Public-Private Partnership Strategic Planning Risk Reduction Pooling Resources 19

20 P 3 Nano a Public-Private Partnership -- Industry/Government/Academia

21 FPL -CN R&D- Summary Drivers: Wood utilization & products Jobs Value-added Products R&D Priority Areas: Biomass & Bioenergy Nanotechnology Advanced Composites Activities: Pilot Scale CN processing Organizing workshops/roadmaps Partnerships Research Organizing Conferences FPL Scientists at Universities New FPL Sci. at: 21

22 Outline USFS Snapshot Summary FPL Snapshot Cellulose Nanomaterials R&D Drivers, Approach, Focus Areas Research Areas Summary & Impact FPL Scientist Snapshots Cellulose Nanomaterials (CNs) CNCs CNFs Rod-like Fibril-like 22

23 FPL Scientists doing CN R&D Umesh Agarwal Zhiyong Cai Craig Clemons Barbara Illman Robert J Moon Alan Rudie Ron Sabo Greg Schueneman Mandla Tshabalala JunYong Zhu (partial list) 23

24 Thank you for your Attention To learn more about Cellulose Nanomaterials State of the Art Review Papers: R J Moon, Chemical Society Reviews.(2011). DOI: /C0CS00108B Websites: Contact Me: robertmoon@fs.fed.us Ramie 24