The state of the art of Open Data in Finland

Transcription

1 University of Lapland April 2013 The state of the art of Open Data in Finland Doctorand Dino Girardi Ins=tute for Law and Informa=cs University of Lapland - Finland CIRSFID University of Bologna 1

2 Keywords: Transparency, Right of Access Finland Digital Agenda, PSI, Open Government Data 2

3 The Enlightenment thinkers in Sweden and Finland the first freedom of informa2on ac2vist promoted the adop2on of Sweden s 1766 Freedom of the Press Act, which establishes the principle of the openness of official documents is widely considered to be the world s first access to informa=on law 3

4 h>p:// 4

5 6. correspondence, documents, protocols, judgments and awards [produced by] courts and government departments, our senior administrators and consistories or other public bodies... which, when requested, shall immediately be issued to anyone who applies for them on penalty of the provisions following paragraph 5

6 6. Documents should be provided immediately 6. and the penalty foreseen is loss of office for the public official who fails to provide the documents or in any way obstructs their release 6

7 Finland was part of Sweden when the first Act on the Freedom of Publishing and the Right of Access to Official Documents was enacted in We can say that ever since then the principle of free access to informa=on (the openness principle) has prevailed in Finland. 7

8 In Finland The right of access to informa=on in official documents is now a basic right protected by the Cons=tu=on. Under the Cons2tu2on, everyone has access to documents in the public domain. 8

9 Principle of Transparency and Right of Access to Informa=on Cons2tu2onal basis Fundamental legal framework for the administra2ve ac2on and policy 9

10 Principle of Transparency Ensures to all the ci2zens the freedom of informa2on and the right to consult or obtain informa2on and data maintained by the Public Sector Bodies 10

11 Right of Access to Informa=on So far Transparency has been granted under the na2onal freedom of informa2on regula2ons accordingly to the Principle of Access to the administra2ve acts and the Principles of Publicity of the acts. 11

12 Openness and availability of Public Sector Informa=on are therefore ensured to ci2zens on the base of the Right of Access 12

13 Principle of Transparency and Right of Access to Informa=on EUROPEN UNION LEGAL FRAMEWORK Art. 1, as to the Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union and This Treaty marks a new stage in the process of crea5ng an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe, in which decisions are taken as openly as possible and as closely as possible to the ci5zen. 13

14 Art. 15, as to the Treaty on the Func2oning of the European Union 1. In order to promote good governance and ensure the par5cipa5on of civil society, the Union s ins5tu5ons, bodies, offices and agencies shall conduct their work as openly as possible. 14

15 Beyond Access Transparency - Right of Access and Open Government Data Phenomena Today the Open Data Phenomena is driving the Principle of Transparency and the Right of Access to the Informa2on to a new and wider concept of openness and availability of Public Sector Informa2on (PSI). The concept of Open Data and specifically Open Government Data refers to policies and prac2ces of the States related to open their datasets and make it free to access and re- use for any purpose. 15

16 Beyond Access Transparency - Right of Access and Open Government Data Phenomena Therefore Transparency isn t just about access, it is also about sharing and reuse o_en, to understand material it needs to be analyzed and visualized and this requires that the material be open so that it can be freely used and reused 16

17 17

18 Beyond Access Transparency Right of Access and Open Government Data Phenomena Open Government Data and the 'Right to Reuse Summer School 2013 Legal Informa=cs University of Lapland 18

19 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years hcp:// _produc=ve_and_inven=ve_finland.pdf 19

20 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years On 26 November 2010, the Government submi>ed to Parliament a report en2tled Tuo>ava ja uudistuva Suomi Digitaalinen agenda vuosille Produc2ve and inven2ve Finland digital agenda for the years The report defines future objec=ves for the development of the informa=on society along with measures necessary to achieve them. 20

21 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years The Finland Digital Agenda enumerate the CHALLENGES of the program: Produc=vity leap in services Objec2ve: Digi2se services to improve overall produc2vity Seeing the ageing popula=on as a resource Objec2ve: Secure and develop the posi2on of seniors as ac2ve ci2zens A world leader in sustainable development Objec2ve: A digital environment supports ecological and sustainable choices Growth from the single market Objec2ve: Make Finland an influen2al pioneer in the digital single market As to the introduc2on of the Agenda in today s fast- changing world, certain precondi2ons must be in place to meet these far- ranging socio- economic challenges. 21

22 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years As to the introduc=on of the Agenda in today s fast- changing world, certain precondi=ons must be in place to meet these far- ranging socio- economic challenges. PRECONDITIONS Informa=on in produc=ve use Objec=ve: Informa=on resources are freely and readily accessible to all Service needs are best known by users Objec2ve: Digital services are designed collec2vely Improving skills and access Objec2ve: Everyone has the opportunity and skills to use digital services Reforming management and coordina=on Objec2ve: From silo management to interac2ve coopera2on. 22

23 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years Reuse of Public Sector Informa=on in the Digital Agenda of Finland One of the key success factors for society is the ability to exploit the full value and poten=al of public sector informa=on. The strategic objec=ve must be openness, accessibility and the possibility to easily u=lise that informa=on with a view to ensuring its high quality and con=nued availability 23

24 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years The report defines future objec=ves for the development of the informa=on society along with measures necessary to achieve them. 1- Develop society s informa=on infrastructure(including informa2on security, data protec2on, copyright) and informa=on model (shared concepts and architectures) with a view to improving informa=on u=lity. Streamline na2onal informa2on management and the organisa2on of informa2on produc2on. Immediately compile metadata standards for public informa=on resources. 24

25 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years Revise legisla=on in order to promote the use of open informa2on and digital contents, with due considera=on to the rights of individuals and right holders. Provide the authori2es with advice and guidance to increase the use of informa2on and contents (e.g. steering systems and prac2ces). 25

26 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years Ensure access to personal data contained in public and private informa=on resources and make them available for personal use. 26

27 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years Remove obstacles to informa2on use so that informa2on produced with public funding is easy to find, and is available for use primarily free of charge in a standardised, machine- readable format via an open programming interface (API). Avoid collec=on and storage of overlapping informa=on. 27

28 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years Oblige the authori=es that collect and administer informa=on resources to describe and, where necessary, to first define their key informa=on resources and rights of use. Reward the authori2es that have to done the most to promote the use of their informa2on resources. 28

29 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years Assign responsibility for ensuring the func=oning of APIs and standards as well as for suppor=ng informa=on system providers and buyers to follow prac=ces of openness. 29

30 Produc=ve and inven=ve Finland Digital agenda for the years Allocate funding to prac2ces and communi2es that develop and promote the use and integra2on of data. Facilitate the par=cipa=on of the research community and businesses in a collec=ve effort to create a seman=c network that combines and integrates informa=on resources 30

31 According with the recommenda=ons of the Digital Agenda the Finnish Ministry of Transport and Communica=ons has adopted a proposal for a government resolu=on on improving the accessibility and promo=ng the reuse of public informa=on resources in digital format. h>p:// folderid= &name=dlfe pdf 31

32 Pilot Cases in Finland The Government of Finland has taken many ini=a=ves for increasing the availability and use of open data in Finland. The Finnish Open Data site is called Avoin Data h>p:// avoin_data/ The Helsinki Region Infoshare: h>p:// The site is in Finnish, available in English thanks to Google transla2on. 32

33 Pilot Cases in Finland The Ministry of Transport and Communica=ons has the leading role and deal with most of the issues related with open data and the reuse of PSI. h>p:// The Ministry of Finance made a decision on rela2ng to the use of open data to boost economic ac2vity in Finland, but it is not available in English. h>p:// 33

34 Pilot Cases in Finland The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry h>p:// Open GIS data - Available spa=al datasets The ministry of agriculture and forestry issued a regula2on on the that made all the map- data of the Na2onal Land Survey of Finland free and available in electronic format. This means that companies can now use this data for free and make their own products based on them and sell them for consumers. A group of people used this data to make a free version of maps to the Garmin GPS- devices. These maps would have cost about 600,00 to buy commercially from Garmin, but equivalent versions are now available to download for free at the following web address: h>p:// 34

35 Pilot Cases in Finland 35

36 The Finnish Meteorological Ins=tute The ins2tute will open its data for free public use during the year The portal will follow the guidelines of the Inspire- direc=ve, but the data available will be more than what is required by the direc=ve. The data will be available in an electronic form, and it will include prac=cally all data of the Ins=tute. The informa2on will be divided into live- informa2on (real- 2me), periodical historical informa2on and forecasts. Using the data will require registra2on, but this is free. Registra2on is required so that the users will accept the terms of use (the Ins2tutes open data license). The open data will be shared via: h>p:// portal. Addi=onal services are available for extra cost. The Ins2tute will con2nue to provide free informa2on for the people and will extend its informa2on to new plaoorms, eg. iphone apps and such. This is partly based on the Ministry of Finances decision of to boost the Finnish economy. Open data is supposed to create new business opportuni2es. The Ministry of Transport and Communica2ons has issued an extra budget on to cover for the cost occurring for the opening up of the data by the Ins2tu2on. 36

37 h KIITOS! GRAZIE! 37