Unit 5: World War I Vocabulary

Transcription

1 Name: Unit 5: World War I Vocabulary Word Definition Analysis 1. Militarism (227) glorification of the military fueled an arms race between How do we see militarism in WWI? (give an example) the countries in Europe (and other areas) 2. Alliance A formal agreement between two or more nations to cooperate (work together) for specific purposes, including war. What alliances were formed during WW1?( ) 3. Nationalism a strong feeling of pride in and loyalty to one s nation How does nationalism contribute to WW1? 4. Archduke Franz Ferdinand- Was an Archduke of Austria from 1889 until his death, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo caused Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia. This caused the Central Powers and the Allies of World War I to declare war on each other Why is this the spark of WWI? (what had each country formed which would cause them to enter the war)

2 5. Allied Powers WWI coalition (group) of France, Britain, and Russia later included U.S., Portugal, Japan, and Italy What year did the U.S. join the allied powers? 6. Central Powers WWI coalition (group) of Germany and Austria- Hungary later included Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria 7. Kaiser Wilhelm II (228) German emperor and King of Prussia until the end of WWI. He was the eldest grandson of the British Queen Victoria and was related to King George V of the United Kingdom and Tsar Nicholas II. 8. Western Front (229) battle front between the Allies and Central Powers in western Europe during World War I Which of the M.A.I.N. causes of the war does this show? Is Kaiser Wilhelm to blame for WWI? Why or why not? In what country is the Western Front located? 9. Trench warfare ( ) New form of warfare in which armies attack each other from fortified trenches What is one downside to trench warfare? 10. Isolationism ( ) Government policy of not taking part in economic and political alliances with other countries. (no trade) Unlike, Neutrality - foreign policy of not taking sides in any international argument, controversy, dispute, or war (trade is okay) Why did America try isolationism during WW1? (231)

3 11. Unrestricted submarine warfare (232) German military policy of staging submarine attacks (Uboats) on Allied and neutral nation s unarmed ocean liners without advanced warning. Sunk the Lusitania (British Ship) - killed 128 Americans 12. Zimmermann Note (233) a coded telegram that German foreign minister Arthur Zimmermann sent to German minister in Mexico proposed that if the U.S. entered war, Mexico and Germany should become allies and Mexico would get land back Led to U.S. declaring war 13. Selective Service Act (235) act passed by Congress in 1917 authorizing a draft of men for military service What was the American reaction to the unrestricted submarine warfare? What would Mexico gain if they agreed to help Germany? Can we still draft today? 14. War Industries Board (236) Regulated all industries engaged in the war effort Led by Bernard Baruch Determined what products industries would make, where those products went, and how much they would cost 15. Propaganda- information or rumors spread by a group or government to promote its cause or ideas or to damage an opposing cause or idea Why would we need someone to organize our economic production and pricing during a war? During WW1 how was propaganda used?

4 16. Committee on Public Information (CPI) ( ) federal government agency created during World War I to encourage Americans to support the war led by George Creel job was to advertise the war to gain public support Would Creel use propaganda to advertise the war? Why or why not? 17. Liberty Bonds a government issued bond sold during WWI to raise money for the Allied war effort How is a purchaser rewarded for purchasing a liberty bond? 18. Rationing a system for limiting the distribution of food, gasoline, and other goods, so that the military can have the weapons, equipment, and supplies it needs Why was rationing used during WW1? 19. Espionage Act of 1917 (238) Federal law passed on June 15, 1917 It was intended to prohibit interference with military operations or recruitment, prevent insubordination in the military, and to prevent the support of U.S. enemies during wartime. 20. Schenck v. United States (238) Supreme Court case that declared Charles Schenck s propaganda efforts against the military draft were illegal under the Espionage Act and is not protected under first amendment. What amendment does this limit? How? What does this mean about his first amendment rights? 21. John J. Pershing (243) General that led the American Expeditionary Force, insisted on welltrained soldiers What was Pershing involved in during 1910 (prior to WW1 think back to unit 4)?

5 22. American Expeditionary Forces (243) Led by General John Pershing First US soldiers to be deployed to France in WWI When did US troops begin entering WWI? 23. Battle of the Argonne Forest (244) Battle in 1918 that took place in very rugged terrain that lasted a month and a half. 1.2 million Americans were involved; 117,000 were killed or wounded. Turning point of the war on the Western front 24. Alvin York (245) fought in the Battle of Argonne Forest --killing 25 Germans and captured 132 prisoners He was the most decorated soldier of WWI, also winning a Medal of Honor. Why is this battle so important? What battle won York the Medal of Honor? 25. Vladimir Lenin (243) founded the Communist Party in Russia and led the Russian Revolution o overthrew Tsar Nicholas II He became dictator of Soviet Russia and promoted communism. 26. Woodrow Wilson (245) (President from ) President during WWI Represented the U.S. at the Treaty of Versailles. There he suggested his 14 Points including the League of Nations. What happened to the royal family during the Russian Revolution? What role will Wilson play during WWI?

6 27. Fourteen Points (246) End of WWI, a 14-point plan for peace presented by Woodrow Wilson League of Nations-The only one of Wilson s 14 points that was not used. o international organization by the Allied powers at the end of WWI to promote international peace and security 28. The Big Four The four leaders of the four countries present at the signing of the Treaty of Versailles England: Henry Lloyd George US: Woodrow Wilson France: George Clemenceau Italy: Vittorio Orlando 29. Treaty of Versailles ( ) Peace treaty (1919) that assigned Germany responsibility for the war (War Guilt Clause) Germany had to pay money to Allies (Reparations) Reduced their territory 30. Reparations a payment demanded of a nation defeated in war by a victorious nation Why did Congress not approve the League of Nations? Which Senator led the movement against Wilson? (247) Why wasn t Germany or Russia included in the negotiations? Did the U.S. ratify (pass) this treaty? ( ) How were reparations used at the end of WW1? th regiment In WWI, an all-african American regiment of the U.S. Army Why should we learn about this?