City-States. Athens Vs. Sparta

Transcription

1 City-States Athens Vs. Sparta

2 9/20 Bell-Ringer 1. Define Democracy 2. What makes the United States a democracy? 3. In what ways is the United States not a democracy?

3 Greek Polis

4 Essential Question How did democracy develop in Ancient Greece?

5 Rule and Order in Greek City-States Geography = significantly influenced Greek political life. No single government Developed: small, independent communities Loyalty to these local communities. Polis= City-State; independent political unit Free Citizens

6 Most Greek city-states had the following: Agora = center for trade & government Acropolis, a temple on a hill dedicated to a sacred god

7 Loyalty to City-State Despite similar language & religion, the Greek polis were very different from each other, especially how they were governed

8 Greek city-states had many different forms of Government: Monarchy: government ruled by a king Aristocracy: government ruled by wealthy nobles Oligarchy: government ruled by few (powerful) people Tyrant - Rules in name of the common man

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10 Democracy- Government ruled by the People Athens = Birthplace of Democracy

11 Evolution of Athens to Democracy Draco- imposes draconian punishments "for crimes Solon- creates system to improve social divisions (elites vs. commoners) Free small farmers from debt servitude For classes of citizens (wealth not birth) Established ekklesia (citizen assembly) Cleisthenes- introduced reforms elevating the demos to political power

12 Cleisthenes Democratic Reforms 1. Creates 10 new tribes based on geography 2. All freemen can debate issues and vote yes/no with white or black rocks 3. The ekklesia selects a 500 person council & judges, council presents proposals to an assembly go all citizens 4. Ostracism- a bad politician can be banished for 10 years by the people 5. Selection by Lot- was introduced for choosing arches (used to be aristocrats) wealth didn t matter

13 Answer the Essential Question How did democracy develop in ancient Greece? 3 paragraphs Using only the following resources: Textbook chapter 6 Section 2 Lecture Notes Assignment due Monday

14 Athenian Education Formal education Not for girls Boys sent to private schools (age 7) Grammar, reading, writing, math, music, oratory Only for upper classes = Development of citizens who could participate in government and public affairs

15 9/21 Bell-Ringer Review your notes and answer the following question: How did democracy develop in Ancient Greece?

16 Review Direct participation = Direct Democracy people vote on everything = Key to Athenian democracy. U.S. today = Representative Democracy vote for people to make decisions for us.

17 SPARTA

18 Sparta Builds a Military State Isolated city-state Culturally & politically different = Athens Oligarchy- government ruled by a few. - 2 Kings Education= NOT important. Training to become a good soldiers = Important.

19 Helots = peasants forced to work the land Slaves of the state Not individually owned (not able to vote) 2/3 of population Attempted revolt 640 BCE Sparta = create a stronger army

20 Women Received training- Participation in sports in public Girls taught reading and writing Supervised farms Expected and driven to produce strong and healthy children & loyalty Could own and control property but held no political rights

21 Spartan Government: Military State Citizens - original inhabitants of Sparta Assembly Government decision = all male citizens were allowed to participate in. Council of Elders 5 elected officials carried out laws 2 kings ruled the military Government = considered one of the most stable in all of Ancient Greece = led to a warrior and military state (state above individual)

22 Social Class Three classes of people: First class= Only men born in Sparta were citizens. Second class = Women & people who came from other city-states or other countries. Could own businesses Couldn t become citizens Free farmers and craftsmen (not able to vote) Third class= slaves: Helots, slaves of the state (not able to vote)

23 Life of Spartan Rigorously trained from Birth Boys taken from families at age 7 Began their only career: a soldier Learned total obedience, superhuman endurance, and skills of a soldier. Age 20-30: Cadet, guarding the borders, policed the country & controlled the slaves. Age 30: Married, mature enjoyed rights and duties of a citizen until 60= military duty over, train youth or public service Lost only two battles in 500 years, terrifying in combat

24 RACE WRITING 5 paragraphs Compare and Contrast Athens and Sparta 3-4 sentences each paragraph 1 paragraph Sparta 1 paragraph Athens 3 paragraphs compare and contrast similarities and differences: Economy, Military, Education, Government, Etc.

25 Graphic Organizer: Compare and Contrast Athens and Spartans Daily Lives Retake Quizzes Get information then fill out compare and contrast circle chart