question passage. This passage has differing This totals 33 minutes. If you work at it you should be able to get the 4 and 5 minute passages

Transcription

1 ACT Science Test Overview Scientific Process Purpose / Objective Generally, this is the first sentence or two of the passage. The purpose is usually to answer a question. Usually 1-2 per test. Experimental Procedure How will the experiment be conducted? What equipment will be utilized? What parameters will be measured? Probably 3-4 per test. Data Most of the questions come from this area. This is the graphs, charts and tables. Usually the first 2 or 3 questions for a passage deal with the data lookup questions. Understanding how to read the various types of charts and graphs is essential to this part of the test. Data Analysis Focuses on data trends - increasing/decreasing. Extrapolation/interpolation. What region increases or decreases the most, the least? These questions review the data presented in the data section. Conclusions This is the hardest section for most students. Typically these answers will not be found explicitly in the passage. This requires you to understand the experiment, discussion, or the question itself and make your choice. Decision Making Do Not Skip Around This is like adding questions to the test. Bulletized Thinking Is it A, B, C, or D? Decide on each answer as you go through the choices. Rule an answer either In or Out as you go down the list. Make your decision and move on. If you really need to look at it again, come back when you have finished the test. Time Management 3 psgs - 5 Q - 4 min each 3 psgs - 6 Q - 5 min each 1 psg - 7 Q - 6 min each This totals 33 minutes. If you work at it you should be able to get the 4 and 5 minute passages on time. Save the extra time for the 7 question passage. This passage has differing opinons of scientists or differing hypotheses. It takes more time to compare and contrast. What information is in the graph or table? Y Axis - What is on it and Which direction gets bigger? Second Y Axis 20% H2 0 30% H2 0 10% H2 0 Then Decrease Increase X Axis - What is on it & Which direction gets bigger?

2 AllPencilsDown Math / Science Review 5 Gas Initial Temperature of gas ( C) Table 3 Final Temperature of gas ( C) Change in volume (L) Helium Helium Helium Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen Methane Methane Based on Table 3, if L of helium at 24 C is heated to 34 C at constant pressure, the change in volume will most likely be closest to which of the following: A L B L C L D L PRIOR KNOWLEDGE SO 4 containing aerosols are produced today in large quantities by human activity. Scientist 1 would most likely predict that the climatic effect in an area where large amounts of SO 4 containing aerosols are put into the atmosphere would be a decrease in the: F. amount of ultraviolet light reaching Earth s surface in that area G. average ph of rainfall in that area. H. amount of rainfall in that area. J. average wind speed in that area. FACTS In 1908, an object from outer space devastated 2,000 km 2 of forest in Siberia. The object was between 10 m and 100 m in diameter and traveled at a maximum speed of 15 km/sec. It exploded at an altitude of 8 km and released energy equivalent to 20 million tons of TNT. Two scientists discuss whether this object was a comet or an asteroid. Which of the following statements would both scientists most likely use to explain the damage to the forest caused by the object s explosion? Energy from the explosion: A. traveled rapidly down to Earth s surface. B. dissipated in the upper atmosphere. C. was released less than 1 km above Earth s surface. D. was released as the object struck Earth s surface. RIDICULOUS ANSWER CHOICES Based on the description of the procedures in the studies, the scientists had to extract complete and intact fossil snail shells instead of fossil shell fragments from the rock layers in order to: F. describe the colors of a living snail s shell. G. make accurate measurements of each shell s dimensions. H. determine the present-day climate of Bonin Island. J. determine the rock layers ages using radiocarbon dating. Scientist 2 says that a protein may be trapped in a moderately highenergy shape. Which of the following findings, if true, could be used to counter this argument? A. Once a protein has achieved its tertiary structure, all of the folding patterns at the local level are stable. B. Enough energy is available in the environment to overcome local energy barriers, driving the protein to its lowest-energy shape. C. During protein synthesis, the secondary structure of a protein is determined before the tertiary structure is formed. D. Proteins that lose their tertiary structure or quaternary structure also tend to lose their biological functions. Which of following is the most likely explanation for the difference in the depth of the bog water table in the 2 years? A. The amount of groundwater discharged to the bog was higher during the drought, and therefore the bog received more water than normal. B. The amount of groundwater discharged to the bog was higher during the drought, and therefore the bog received less water than normal. C. The amount of rainfall received by the bog was higher during the drought, and therefore the bog received more water than normal. D. The amount of rainfall received by the bog was lower during the drought, and therefore the bog received less water than normal. Divide and Conquer Which gas does a plant use to create its food by combining with water and sunlight? A. Oxygen, which uses chlorophyll from the air to mix with water and make carbon dioxide. B. Oxygen, which uses sugar to make air. C. Carbon dioxide, which combines water and chlorophyll with light from the sun to make sugar and give off oxygen. D. Carbon dioxide, which uses water and sugar to make air. Closer examination of Section 1 in Study 1 revealed that the largest grains (up to 20 mm in diameter) were at the bottom of the section. According to the studies, which of the following statements best explains why such large grains were found at the bottom of the section? A. The water velocity at the time the sediment was deposited was high enough to carry away all but the largest grains. B. The water velocity at the time the sediment was deposited was too slow to carry away even the smallest grains. C. The water depth at the time the sediment was deposited was too shallow for large grains to settle to the bottom. D. The water depth at the time the sediment was deposited was too deep for large grains to settle to the bottom.

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