The Future of Sustainable Buildings

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1 S C I E N C E P A S S I O N T E C H N O L O G Y The Future of Sustainable Buildings 17th Annual STS Conference Graz Critical Issues in Science, Technology and Society Studies Alexander Passer u What is a sustainable building?

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5 Planetary Boundaries Source: AGNHB according: J. Rockström, et al., A safe operating space for humanity, Nature, vol. 461, no. 7263, pp , Sep

6 The Focus of Sustainable Construction in Graz Tangible Resources Intangible Resources (Knowledge) It is our task at universities to enable our society to use knowledge and wisdom as an intangible resource to manage tangible resources! Improve Link Between Academia and Industry

7 Transformation is Required Goal A rapid reversal to meet climate ambitions NET ZERO GHG Emission! Gt CO 2 eq Global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion RTS B2DS 2DS Sources: Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Centre; IEA World Energy Statistics and Balances; IEA Energy Technology Perspectives 2017 Transformation is Required Intangible resources Goal A rapid reversal to meet climate ambitions NET ZERO GHG Emission! Method Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment People Students and professionals And all of you!

8 How about Chocolate? Chocolate (for a consumer) = edible part + packaging? Chocolate s Nutritional Value 100 g Nutritional value: 2.4 MJ = 570 kcal

9 Life Cycle Assessment ,5 MJ [g] 200 7,8 MJ 9,3 MJ 4 [MJ] ,4 MJ 2 0 Chocolate Packaging Nutritional value Palm oil Paper Sugar Plastic Milk powder Carton Butter Aluminum Cocoa beans Life Cycle Assessment ? 0,8 h [g] 200 4,1 h 4,9 h 4 [MJ] ,2 h 2 0 Nutritional value Chocolat e Packaging Palm oil Paper Sugar Plastic Milk powder Carton Butter Aluminum Cocoa beans

10 Lessons Learned Life Cycle Stages of Construction Products

11 Data Inventory Work Flow Structuring of the data collection Hierarchical decomposition of the building Building Building - elements Building sub-elements Building materials Level 0 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Source: D. Trigaux, PEF4Buildings-Project

12 Data Gathering Work Flow BIM Building plans (e.g. reinforcement plan) Technical documents Building cost sheet Element quantities (e.g. m² of floor) Material quantities (e.g. kg s of steel in floor element) Material characteristics (e.g. density) PEF guidance draft PEFCRs Belgian PCR Scenarios (e.g. transport or maintenance) Building owner Use phase (e.g. energy use) System boundary Source: PEF4Buildings-Project Climate Change, PEF_A1 Analyzing 1p 'BE2226 building' [%] Climate change Ozone depletion Human toxicity, non cancer effects Human toxicity, cancer effects Particulate matter Ionizing radiation HH Photochemical ozone formation Acidification Terrestrial eutrophication Freshwater eutrophication Marine eutrophication Freshwater ecotoxicity Land use Water resource depletion Mineral, fossil & ren resource depletion PEF_A1_Pre processing & aq. of mat. PEF_A2_Transport raw mat. PEF_A3_Manufacturing stage PEF_A4_Transport const. site PEF_A5_Installation(BO) PEF_B2_Maintainance(BO) PEF_B3_Repair(BO) PEF_B4_Replacement PEF_B6_Operational energy use/a PEF_C3 C4_EoL stage PEF_B7_Operational water use/a PEF_C1_Dismantling(BO) PEF_C2_Transport EoL scenarios(bo) Source: PEF4Buildings-Project

13 Holistic Approach Needed! Building assessment

14 Systemic Interdependencies BIM for Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Source: Passerinagural, A. Habilitation thesis: To the operationalization of sustainable construction, TU Graz 2016

15 Construction Technology Changed over Time Primary Energy Demand and related GHG emissions! Construction Technology Changed over Time Primary Energy Demand and related GHG emissions!

16 Decomposition of buildings final energy consumption by key contributions, Source: GABC Global Status Report 2017 based on analysis for IEA Energy Technology Perspectives 2017 Energy efficiency is not moving fast enough to offset strong growth in building energy demand Achieving Our Goals! Primary Energy Demand and related GHG emissions!

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18 (credit: Azote Images for Stockholm Resilience Centre) THE ABSOLUTE SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DEFINING SUSTAINABILITY BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL CARRYING CAPACITY

19 BUILDING A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE. Sustainable Construction: Let's build changes! S C I E N C E P A S S I O N T E C H N O L O G Y SCIENCE PASSION TECHNOLOGY Assoc.Prof. Dr. Alexander PASSER Mail: alexander.passer@tugraz.at Tel.: +43/316/ URL: u

20 Working Group Sustainable Construction Graz University of Technology Our research is dedicated to sustainability assessment methods and the workflows within the building design process to improve the applicability of assessment methods in the built environment as well as their successful implementation within full scale demonstration projects. In our interdisciplinary projects our foci lie on the optimization of the environmental and economic performance by the use of life cycle assessment, life cycle costing, system analysis and multi- criteria assessment methods within digital design processes. Visit: Image: Klima- und Energiefonds & SFL technologies, Fotograf: Gerhard Buchacher sbe19.tugraz.at

21 Transition for a zero-carbon built environment Sources (2) "DEATH TO STOCK" / creative commons free licence (3) (4) (5) AEE INTEC & TU Graz; (6) Picture credits: Eduard Hueber (7) (8) Pixabay_ CC0 Creative Commons (9) One prediction of where rising sea levels will end up at Cottesloe Beach, Western Australia. Copyright: go_greener_oz (Flickr); Photo Credit: One prediction of where rising sea levels will end up at Cottesloe Beach, Western Australia. (10) AGNHB according to J. Rockström, et. al, A safe operating space for humanity, Nature, vol. 461, no. 7263, pp , Sep (21) Picture credits: Eduard Hueber (22) Hierarchical de-composition of the building (D. Trigaux et al., 2014) (23 & 24): PEF4Buildings: (34) All other graphics: Passer, A. & AGNHB TU Graz