HOW WATER MOVES IN SOIL Beth Guertal Auburn University
|
|
- Alberta Harrington
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 HOW WATER MOVES IN SOIL Beth Guertal Auburn University
2 What s Up for Today Terms associated with water movement in soil. How things in sports field construction/remediation can affect water movement. How you can affect that.
3 What Makes Water Special
4 Hydrogen Bond
5 The Polarity of Water: The Hydrogen Bonds. Many unique properties of water are due to the hydrogen bonds. Ice floats because hydrogen bonds hold water molecules further apart in a solid than in a liquid. Unique physical properties: high heat of vaporization, strong surface tension, nearly universal solvent properties of water are also due to hydrogen bonding. The hydrophobic effect, or the exclusion of compounds containing carbon and hydrogen (nonpolar compounds) is another unique property of water caused by the hydrogen bonds.
6 The Properties of Water that are Important for Soil 1. Cohesion (water molecules attracted to each other) 2. Adhesion (water molecules attracted to a soil surface) Surface Tension (cohesion, liquid-air interface) Capillary rise (adhesion, surface tension) Capillary rise is inversely proportional to a tube radius and liquid density. h = 0.15/r (cm) where: h = height of rise r = radius of tube
7 Surface tension (Cohesion water molecules attracted to each other)
8
9 Cohesion water molecules attracted to each other
10
11 Adhesion attraction of water molecules to a surface Adhesion and surface tension cause water to move up a column.
12 Smaller the pore size (narrower the diameter of the tube) the higher the rise of the water.
13 What Makes Water Move? There are really four things we talk about (in soil physics we call it potential ) 1. Gravity 2. Matric (capillary, suction) 3. Submergence 4. Osmosis
14 Submergence This is a positive pressure due to the weight of water in saturated soils and aquifers. This is the water below the water table (springs, aquifers). An artesian aquifer is a confined aquifer containing groundwater under positive pressure.
15 Osmotic Potential Semi-permeable membrane, such as in plant cells, for osmotic potential to matter. Osmosis movement across a semi-permeable membrane.
16 Gravity The force of gravity acts on soil water the same as any other body. Attraction towards the center of the earth pulls water down.
17
18 Matric (Suction, Tension, Capillary, Pressure) Due to the attractive forces between the water and the soil solids (adhesion). In the most correct sense we measure it as a negative. Often, we drop the negative for ease of use.
19 Pore Size and Water Macropores aid in water drainage, greater in sandy and well-aggregrated soils. Micropores water holding capacity, capillary mvt of water, greater in fine-textured soils. Often called capillary pores. This is related to soil texture sands have more macropores and clays an d soil with organic matter have more micropores.
20 SO Macropores gravity drainage Micropores suction, tension, capillary water holding capacity
21 Where we see these terms in turfgrass management. Macro Micro
22 Capillary Flow
23 So, for water movement in SOILS Gravity And Matric (pressure, suction, capillary)
24 How soil water content changes as a soil dries Drier >
25 Descriptions of Soil Wetness The soil moisture curve (as shown in previous slides) is a continual curve. However, we have distinct points along that curve that we like to use as indicators of the degree of soil wetness. Sort of like a highway is a continual road from one place to another, but you have distinct stops at certain places along that road.
26 Descriptions of Soil Wetness Saturated all soil pores filled with water, volumetric water content close to the total porosity. Gravitational water water is in the macropores, but it begins to percolate downward under the force of gravity. Field capacity the point at which the macropores have drained and are now filled with air. The micropores still hold water which is largely plant available. We use this term a lot.
27 How Water Flows Through Soil Saturated flow all pores, large and small, are filled with water flow is largely controlled by gravity. Unsaturated flow flow in water in which all the pores are not filled with water, this is capillary flow, mainly. Much harder to describe and measure. That is why many of our measurements of water flow are most often done under saturated conditions.
28 Other terms for Water Movement: Infiltration and Percolation Infiltration -the downward entry of water into the soil Infiltration rate: Infiltration/time; decreases with time (initially fast, then slows as soil becomes saturated) Percolation: downward movement of water through the soil (usually saturated conditions) Infiltration is the entry of water at the surface, while percolation is the movement down through the soil. Many use percolation as the same thing as saturated hydraulic conductivity.
29 Measuring Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity (Ksat)
30 Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Constant Head method (Klute and Dirksen,1986) Sandy loam soil # Aerifications K sat, in hr a 1 11 b
31
32 Water movement in layered soils
33
34
35 How to fix this in real life soils Aerify Get drainage Eliminate layers
36
37 Amendment Inclusion Study Installed each June in 2004, 2005 and 2006 in 5 x 10 foot plots. Saugahactee CC, Auburn, AL. Tifdwarf hybrid bermudagrass P. rye overseeding each Fall.
38 Mehlich Soil-Test Extraction Results after Year 3 Mehlich Extractable soil P, K, Ca and Mg, and soil ph 10 mo. after 3rd incorporation (April, 2007) Trt P K Ca Mg ph lb/a Sand 70 a 50 c 602 ab 68 a 6.0 a Profile (50) 77 a 70 bc 623 ab 77 a 5.9 a Profile (25) 70 a 60 bc 613 ab 71 a 6.0 a Clinolite (50) 76 a 100 a 774 a 77 a 6.1 a Clinolite (25) 80 a 118 a 628 ab 76 a 6.1 a Axis (50) 74 a 56 c 545 b 63 a 5.8 a Axis (25) 77 a 62 bc 593 ab 68 a 5.9 a Nothing 79 a 70 bc 714 ab 81 a 6.0 a
39 Double-ring infiltration measurements, in the field. August 30th, (Two mo. after 2 nd application) Trt in/hr Sand Profile (50) Profile (25) Clinolite (50) Clinolite (25) Axis (50) Axis (25) Nothing 3.0 a 2.4 a 2.8 a 2.2 a 3.4 a 3.4 a 2.2 a 3.4 a
40 Laboratory hydraulic saturated conductivity measurements Trt Sept 04 Nov 05 Mar 05 inches/hour Sand 16 a 18 ab 10 ab Profile (50) 13 a 14 ab 11 ab Profile (25) 11 a 11 b 7 ab Clinolite (50) 12 a 23 ab 12 ab Clinolite (25) 14 a 12 b 14 a Axis (50) 14 a 24 a 13 ab Axis (25) 10 a 15 ab 6 b Nothing 11 a 14 ab 8 ab
41 Water Drop Penetration Test
42 Trt Time (seconds) for the water droplet to penetrate the core, by depth (cm) at thatch 1 cm 2 cm 3 cm 4 cm 5 cm 6 cm Feb Control 118 a 64 a 32 a 1.1 ab 0.8 ab 0.9 a 0.9 ab ACA b 21 b 1.7 c 0.4 b 0.4 ab 0.4 a 0.5 b ACA b 24 b 16 abc 0.4 b 0.3 b 0.4 a 0.8 ab ACA b 36 b 13 bc 1.0 ab 0.9 a 1.2 a 1.5 a ACA b 27 b 8 bc 3.8 ab 0.6 ab 0.8 a 1.1 ab ACA b 28 b 16 abc 8.0 a 0.5 ab 0.4 a 0.6 b ACA b 25 b 15 abc 1.6 ab 0.5 ab 0.4 a 0.6 b ACA a 27 b 27 ab 3.1 ab 0.8 a 1.3 a 0.9 ab
43 Thank You.
Going Deep: Aerification of Compacted Athletic Fields. Beth Guertal Auburn University, AL
Going Deep: Aerification of Compacted Athletic Fields Beth Guertal Auburn University, AL Athletic Field Traffic Wear and Tear on Turfgrass Worn turf Soil compaction Soil Compaction where people go Arrrrg.
More informationLecture 6: Soil Water
6-1 GEOG415 Lecture 6: Soil Water Infiltration Movement of water into soil. Importance? - flood prediction -erosion -agriculture - water resources Infiltration capacity Expressed in the same unit as rainfall
More informationAgronomy 406 World Climates
Agronomy 406 World Climates February 13, 2018 Hydrologic cycle. Team 4 Climate News presentation this Thursday. Review: METED module, Understanding the Hydrologic Cycle Active review session for the midterm
More informationLecture 11: Water Flow; Soils and the Hydrologic Cycle
Lecture 11: Water Flow; Soils and the Hydrologic Cycle Water Flow in Soils Types of Water Flow in Soil Saturated flow: Soil pores completely filled with water; controlled by the hydrostatic potential After
More informationSoils & Hydrology ( Part II)
Soils & Hydrology (3060 - Part II) 9. Soil Water 10. Precipita>on and Evapora>on 11. Infiltra>on, Streamflow, and Groundwater 12. Hydrologic Sta>s>cs and Hydraulics 13. Erosion and Sedimenta>on 14. Wastes
More informationWhat is the Vadose Zone? Why Do We Care? Tiffany Messer Assistant Professor Biological Systems Engineering School of Natural Resources University of
What is the Vadose Zone? Why Do We Care? Tiffany Messer Assistant Professor Biological Systems Engineering School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln Learning Objectives History of Vadose
More informationLecture 5. Soil Water Characteristic Curves (SWCC)
Lecture 5 Soil Water Characteristic Curves (SWCC) Surface Tension, Review Physical Model for Capillary The capillary model provides a mathematical relationship between the radius of curvature of the air-water
More informationWater Budget IV: Soil Water Processes P = Q + ET + G + ΔS
Water Budget IV: Soil Water Processes P = Q + ET + G + ΔS Infiltration Infiltration capacity: The maximum rate at which water can enter soil. Infiltration capacity curve: A graph showing the time-variation
More informationTHE PORTION OF THE SOIL WATER THAT IS USABLE BY PLANTS. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FIELD CAPACITY AND WILTING POINT.
SOIL WATER STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF WATER - POLAR MOLECULE: NEGATIVE CHARGE ON ONE END, POSITIVE ON THE OTHER - COHESION AND ADHESION - ATTRACTION TO CLAY SURFACES - HYDRATION OF IONS - SURFACE TENSION
More informationSoil Water Relationship. Dr. M. R. Kabir
CHAPTER 4 Soil Water Relationship Dr. M. R. Kabir Professor and Head, Department of Civil Engineering University of Asia Pacific (UAP), Dhaka LECTURE 10 Introduction Root zone (depth of soil penetrated
More informationLaboratory Assignment #3
UVIVERSITY OF IDAHO CE326/BAE356/FOR463 HYDROLOGIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES Laboratory Assignment #3 Student Name: XXXXX Title: Infiltration Laboratory Date of Exercise: 3 October 200X Date of Submission:
More informationWater in Soils. Too Much Water in the Soil. Not Enough Water in the Soil. Soils and Water, Spring Lecture 4, Soil Water 1
Water in Soils Natural Resource Conservation Service, U.S.D.A. Too Much Water in the Soil Use of Histosol for fuel (Scotland) Subsidence in a drained Histosol (Everglades, Florida) http://soils.ag.uidaho.edu/soilorders/histosols.htm
More informationPage 1. Name:
Name: 7574-1 - Page 1 1) The diagram below shows the result of leaving an empty, dry clay flowerpot in a full container of water for a period of time. The water level in the container dropped to level
More informationTexture Definition: relative proportions of various sizes of individual soil particles USDA classifications Sand: mm Silt:
Texture Definition: relative proportions of various sizes of individual soil particles USDA classifications Sand: 0.05 2.0 mm Silt: 0.002-0.05 mm Clay:
More informationSoil Water. Soil Water. Soils and Water, Spring Lecture 3, Soil Water 1
Soil Water Importance. Global distribution. Properties of water. Amount and energy of water in soil. Hydraulic properties (hydraulic conductivity and water retention). Soil Water Objectives Gain an appreciation
More informationAgry 560 Exam November 7, 2002 (135 points) (10 pages)
1 Agry 560 Exam November 7, 2002 (135 points) (10 pages) Name (4) 1. In the auger-hole method for measuring saturated hydraulic conductivity below a water table, what is actually measured? a) infiltration
More informationSoil Physical Properties and Wastewater Treatment
Soil Physical Properties and Wastewater Treatment John R. Buchanan, Ph.D., P. E. Associate Professor Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science Department Soil Physical Properties and Wastewater Treatment
More informationSignificance of Water Observation Lab
Significance of Water Observation Lab It has been said that the chemistry of life is water chemistry. Because of its chemical properties, water is the medium in which most of life s chemical reactions
More informationLaboratory Assignment #3
UVIVERSITY OF IDAHO CE326/BAE356/FOR463 HYDROLOGIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES Laboratory Assignment #3 Student Name: XXXXX Title: Infiltration Laboratory [Note to Students: This is provided as a general example
More information09.04 double ring infiltrometer
09.04 double ring infiltrometer operating instructions Contents On these operating instructions... 2 Introduction... 2 1. Soil water... 2 1.1 Soil water energy... 2 1.2 Infiltration... 2 2. Description...
More informationTENSIOMETER Hydrostatic pressure potential Piezometer
II. TENSIOMETER 2.1. Hydrostatic pressure potential Piezometer As discussed earlier the hydrostatic (positive) pressure potential ψh under field conditions applies to saturated soils and is measured with
More informationRiver Channel Characteristics
River Channel Characteristics Storages and Transfers in Drainage Basins Precipitation Evapotranspiration SURFACE STORAGE INTERCEPTION STORAGE CHANNEL STORAGE Soil Moisture Storage Aeration Zone Storage
More informationObjective: Experimental Procedures:
Evaluation of various soil surfactants for creeping bentgrass sand-based putting green management. Purdue University, 2006 Cale A. Bigelow and Adam C. Moeller Agronomy Department Objective: Experimental
More informationThe Basics. Understanding the Behavior of Light Non- Aqueous Phase Liquids (LNAPLs) in the Subsurface February 2005
The Basics Understanding the Behavior of Light Non- Aqueous Phase Liquids (LNAPLs) in the Subsurface February 2005 1 Welcome. The Remediation Technologies Development Forum (RTDF) Non- Aqueous Phase Liquid
More informationCHAPTER 13 OUTLINE The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater. Hydrologic cycle. Hydrologic cycle cont.
CHAPTER 13 OUTLINE The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater Does not contain complete lecture notes. To be used to help organize lecture notes and home/test studies. Hydrologic cycle The hydrologic cycle is
More informationRemediation of Brine Spills- What Goes Wrong Kerry Sublette
Remediation of Brine Spills- What Goes Wrong Kerry Sublette University of Tulsa Spills of produced water or brine on soil result in two types of damage: Excess salinity Creates an osmotic imbalance that
More informationHydrologic Cycle. Rain Shadow:
Hydrologic Cycle The cyclical movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere by evaporation, to the surface through precipitation, to streams through runoff and groundwater, and back to the ocean.
More informationAn Introduction into Applied Soil Hydrology
Klaus Bohne An Introduction into Applied Soil Hydrology Preface Contents 1 Introduction: The soil as a reactor between the earth's atmosphere and the subsurface 1 2 Mechanical composition of mineral soils
More informationENGINEERING HYDROLOGY
ENGINEERING HYDROLOGY Prof. Rajesh Bhagat Asst. Professor Civil Engineering Department Yeshwantrao Chavan College Of Engineering Nagpur B. E. (Civil Engg.) M. Tech. (Enviro. Engg.) GCOE, Amravati VNIT,
More informationSignificance of Water Observation Lab
Significance of Water Observation Lab It has been said that the chemistry of life is water chemistry. Because of its chemical properties, water is the medium in which most of life s chemical reactions
More informationDraft Final Report. April 18, submitted to: National Academy of Sciences IDEA Program Inam Jawed, Program Officer
Draft Final Report Contract No. NCHRP-113 Geocomposite Capillary Barrier Drain for Limiting Moisture Changes in Pavements: Product Application April 18, 28 submitted to: National Academy of Sciences IDEA
More informationIntroduction to Groundwater
Introduction to Groundwater Unit Essential Questions: How does the Earth cycle its water through its major reservoirs? How does society s use of resources affect water quality? Presentation Objectives:
More informationRainwater harvesting and greywater recovery - Part 1 -
Rainwater harvesting and greywater recovery - Part 1 - Prof. Patrice CANNAVO AGROCAMPUS OUEST / Agreenium, France Department of Physical Environment, Landscape Architecture Environmental Physics and Horticulture
More informationEast Maui Watershed Partnership Adapted from Utah State University and University of Wisconsin Ground Water Project Ages 7 th -Adult
INTRODUCTION What is groundwater? Water contained in saturated soil and rock materials below the surface of the earth. It is not NEW water, but is recycled water through the hydraulic cycle. The source
More informationGroundwater Flow Demonstration Model Activities for grades 4-12
Groundwater Flow Demonstration Model Activities for grades 4-12 NR/WQ/2012-5 SET-UP Please allow time to practice using the groundwater model before conducting demonstrations. 1. Remove the groundwater
More informationHydrologic Cycle. Water Cycle. Groundwater
Water Cycle, Groundwater, Water Pollution Hydrologic Cycle Distribution/Cycle Animation http://www.mnforsustain.org/water_climate_global_water_cycle_study.htm Water Cycle 86% of evaporation from sea surface
More informationAgry 465 Exam November 17, 2004 (100 points) (8 pages)
Agry 465 Exam November 17, 2004 (100 points) (8 pages) Name (4) 1. Tensiometers measure what in the soil? (circle all true statements) a) hydrogen concentration b) gravimetric water content c) volumetric
More informationComputation of excess stormflow at the basin scale. Prof. Pierluigi Claps. Dept. DIATI, Politecnico di Torino
Computation of excess stormflow at the basin scale Prof. Pierluigi Claps Dept. DIATI, Politecnico di Torino Pierluigi.claps@polito.it losses include: interception, evapotranspiration, storage infiltration,
More informationENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY - GEOL 406/506
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY - GEOL 406/506 Glossary of useful Terms: 1. Abiotic: not living. 2. A b s o r p t i o n: the penetration of atoms, ions, or molecules into the bulk mass of substrate. 3. Acclimation:
More informationFINAL REPORT: Laboratory evaluation of SupraSorb rootzone amendment material for sports turf rootzone mixes
FINAL REPORT: Laboratory evaluation of rootzone amendment material for sports turf rootzone mixes Report date: 18 June 2013 Consultant: Dr Christian Spring, Head of Soils Laboratory AustraBlend Pty Ltd
More informationMy Notes. Ka Hana Imi Na auao A Science Careers Curriculum Resource Go to: 1
My Notes Ka Hana Imi Na auao A Science Careers Curriculum Resource Go to: www.cds.hawaii.edu/kahana 1 My Notes Ka Hana Imi Na auao A Science Careers Curriculum Resource Go to: www.cds.hawaii.edu/kahana
More informationIslamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department Soil Mechanics Lab ECIV 3151 Final Exam 2016/2017
Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department Soil Mechanics Lab ECIV 3151 Final Exam 2016/2017 Instructors: Dr. Jehad T. Hamad Engr. Yasser M. Almadhoun Examination Date:
More informationSimplified Procedure for Unsaturated Flow Parameters
American Journal of Applied Sciences 8 (6): 635-643, 2011 ISSN 1546-9239 2011 Science Publications Simplified Procedure for Unsaturated Flow Parameters 1 Natthawit Jitrapinate, 2,3 Vichai Sriboonlue, 3
More informationFACT FLASH. 5: Groundwater. What is groundwater? How does the ground store water? Fact Flash 5: Groundwater
FACT FLASH 5: Groundwater What is groundwater? Groundwater is fresh water (from rain or melting ice and snow) that soaks into the soil and is stored in the tiny spaces (pores) between rocks and particles
More informationVadose/unsaturated. (Basic concepts) Lucila Candela ERASMUS
The Vadose/unsaturated Zone (Basic concepts) 1 Lucila Candela ERASMUS Contents Nature of vadose zone Energy status Parameters and determination Water Balance Hydraulic conductivity 2 (nobody s land, Meinzer,
More informationGroundwater Hydrology
Groundwater Hydrology Þröstur Þorsteinsson Environment and Natural Resources, University of Iceland Why study groundwater? Important source of fresh water Large portion of the Earth s fresh water as groundwater
More informationWATER IN SOIL. 5.1 Types of water in soil
Water in Soil 19 CHAPTER 5 WATER IN SOIL يؤثر وجود المياه فى التربة تأثيرا بالغا على سلوكها الهندسى. ومن أهم المبادئ التى وضعها العالم الفذ ترزاكى )Terzaghi( - مؤسس علم ميكانيكا التربة - مبدأ الجهد الفعال
More informationWater Related Soil Properties
Water Related Soil Properties Water is essential for plant growth. Plants extract mineral laden water from the soil. For effective irrigation and drainage it is important that the processes governing soil
More informationThe Decline of Soil Infiltration Capacity Due To High Elevation Groundwater
Civil Engineering Dimension, Vol. 1, No. 1, March 28, 35-39 ISSN 141-953 The Decline of Soil Infiltration Capacity Due To High Elevation Groundwater Isri Ronald Mangangka 1 Abstract: Infiltration capacity
More informationChapter 3 THEORY OF INFILTRATION. 3.1 General
Chapter 3 THEORY OF INFILTRATION 3.1 General Water entering the soil at the surface of ground is termed as infiltration. It replaces the soil moisture deficit and the excess water moves downward by the
More informationA Short Course on Soil McDaniel s Nut Grove Wednesday, October 12 th, Soil Characteristics
A Short Course on Soil McDaniel s Nut Grove Wednesday, October 12 th, 2005 Soils are unconsolidated natural mineral and organic materials at the earth s surface, differentiated by weathering and decomposition
More informationEvapotranspiration Calculations for Stormwater Quality Models
Bob Pitt Cudworth Professor of Urban Water Systems Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL USA B.S. Engineering Science, Humboldt State University,
More informationEvapotranspiration Calculations for Stormwater Quality Models
Bob Pitt Cudworth Professor of Urban Water Systems Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL USA B.S. Engineering Science, Humboldt State University,
More informationA-2. Soils. Soil Media. Chapter Contents. Soil Media In-situ Soil Testing Separation from Seasonal High Water Table (SHWT)
A-2. Soils Chapter Contents Soil Media In-situ Soil Testing Separation from Seasonal High Water Table (SHWT) Importance of Soil Composition in SCMs The soil composition of many stormwater SCMs also is
More informationAESI AESI 6/17/2015 HOW AND WHERE DOES INFILTRATION WORK? o Context: Summary of Geologic History. o Constraints/benefits for different geologic units
PRESENTED June 17, 2014 BY Jim Brisbine, PE HOW AND WHERE DOES INFILTRATION WORK? o Context: Summary of Geologic History o Constraints/benefits for different geologic units o Key geologic and groundwater
More informationDesign Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1. January 2009
Design Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1 January 2009 This page is intentionally blank. Design Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1 January 2009 For information or additional copies
More information1. Apply knowledge of the controlling variables for groundwater flow. 2. Demonstrate groundwater flow direction based on hydraulic head observations.
.9-12 HYDRAULIC HEAD SUBJECTS: TIME: Science (Physical Science, Physics), Math 1 class period MATERIALS: Copies of student sheets and background information OBJECTIVES The student will do the following:
More informationWHAT IS SOIL? soil is a complex system of organic and inorganic (mineral) compounds Soil properties depend on formation process particle size climate
Lecture 5, Soil water and infiltration WHAT IS SOIL? soil is a complex system of organic and inorganic (mineral) compounds Soil properties depend on formation process particle size climate THE IMPORTANCE
More informationGeneral Groundwater Concepts
General Groundwater Concepts Hydrologic Cycle All water on the surface of the earth and underground are part of the hydrologic cycle (Figure 1), driven by natural processes that constantly transform water
More informationSource of Pollution or Groundwater Solution?
Acknowledgement Source of Pollution or Groundwater Solution? Kitt Farrell-Poe, Ph.D. Water Quality Extension Specialist & Professor Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering University of Arizona This work
More informationInfiltration. ro ock and soil. Soil. Unsa aturated Zone. Hydraulic properties? Rock. soil. pores filled with air and water
Proprietà idrauliche in condizione di saturazione variabile: come misurarle in laboratorio e in campo? Maria Clementina Caputo Unsaturated zone measurement purposes To measure, predict, and understand
More information9/9/ Basic Types of Rocks. Porosity of Earth Materials
3 Basic Types of Rocks Porosity of Earth Materials Igneous rocks: crystalline solids which form directly from the cooling of magma. Example: granite. Sedimentary rocks: formed from material deposited as
More informationTHE INFLUENCE OF VARYING COMPOSITION OF SOIL SAMPLES ON WATER FLOW RATE (2MM SHARP SAND 1MM MEDIUM SAND)
Solid Earth and Space Physics (218) 1: 1-11 Clausius Scientific Press, Canada THE INFLUENCE OF VARYING COMPOSITION OF SOIL SAMPLES ON WATER FLOW RATE (2MM SHARP SAND 1MM MEDIUM SAND) Edeye Ejaita Physics
More informationInterpretation of Soil Moisture Content to Determine Soil Field Capacity and Avoid Over Irrigation in Sandy Soils Using Soil Moisture Measurements
Interpretation of Soil Moisture Content to Determine Soil Field Capacity and Avoid Over Irrigation in Sandy Soils Using Soil Moisture Measurements By: Lincoln Zotarelli, Research Scientist, Michael D.
More informationWater Diversion Capacity of Shallow Land Waste Repository Covered by Capillary Barrier of Soil
Proceedings of the 2 nd World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering (CSEE 17) Barcelona, Spain April 2 4, 217 Paper No. ICGRE 174 ISSN: 2371-5294 DOI: 1.11159/icgre17.174 Water Diversion
More informationIntroduction to Land Surface Modeling Hydrology. Mark Decker
Introduction to Land Surface Modeling Hydrology Mark Decker (m.decker@unsw.edu.au) 1) Definitions 2) LSMs 3) Soil Moisture 4) Horizontal Fluxes 5) Groundwater 6) Routing Outline 1) Overview & definitions
More informationSoil Water Drainage Measurement and Soil Water Sampling. Doug Cobos, Ph.D. Decagon Devices and Washington State University
Soil Water Drainage Measurement and Soil Water Sampling Doug Cobos, Ph.D. Decagon Devices and Washington State University About the presenter Ph.D. in Soil Physics, University of Minnesota Research Scientist/Director
More informationVADOSE/W 2D Tutorial
1 Introduction VADOSE/W 2D Tutorial This example illustrates the basic methodology for simulating soil-climate interaction of an engineered soil cover system placed over a waste. The primary objective
More informationAP Environmental Science. Unit One. Sunday, August 30, 15
AP Environmental Science Unit One GLOBAL WATER: RESOURCES and USE Properties of Water Water! Composed of 2 Hydrogen and 1 oxygen! Exists as solid, liquid or gas! Polar! Forms Hydrogen bond between 2 water
More informationImpact of Compaction State and Initial Moisture on Infiltration Characteristic of Soil
American Journal of Water Science and Engineering 2015; 1(1): 1-6 Published online September 15, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ajwse) doi: 10.11648/j.ajwse.20150101.11 Impact of Compaction
More informationVADOSE/W 2D Tutorial
Elevation 1 Introduction VADOSE/W 2D Tutorial This example illustrates the basic methodology for simulating soil-climate interaction of an engineered soil cover system placed over a waste. The primary
More informationLecture 20: Groundwater Introduction
Lecture 20: Groundwater Introduction Key Questions for Groundwater 1. What is an aquifer? 2. What is an unconfined aquifer? 3. What is groundwater recharge? 4. What is porosity? What determines the magnitude
More informationGroundwater 3/16/2010. GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology
GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology Definitions Groundwater Subsurface water in soil or rock that is fully saturated. Aquifer Contains enough saturated material to yield significant quantities of
More informationCistern is a three way blended soil surfactant, with one of its component a Humectant Compound. Humectants are designed to hold / retain moisture in
Cistern is a three way blended soil surfactant, with one of its component a Humectant Compound. Humectants are designed to hold / retain moisture in the upper portions of the soil profile. Humectants will
More informationThe Study of Reservoir Immersion of a Hydropower Station
2017 2 nd International Conference on Architectural Engineering and New Materials (ICAENM 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-436-3 The Study of Reservoir Immersion of a Hydropower Station Shi You Zhang, Ai Guo Li
More information2007 World of Coal Ash (WOCA), May 7-10, 2007, Northern Kentucky, USA
2007 World of Coal Ash (WOCA), May 7-10, 2007, Northern Kentucky, USA http://www.flyash.info Using the Moisture-Deficient Characteristics of Dry Scrubber Ash and an Arid Location to Develop a State-Approved
More informationRefining the N index to determine the risk of nitrate contamination of surface and groundwater for Ontario soils
Refining the N index to determine the risk of nitrate contamination of surface and groundwater for Ontario soils C.F. Drury, G.W. Parkin, W.D. Reynolds, J. Saso J. Lauzon, T.Q. Zhang, C.S. Tan, J.Y. Yang,
More informationLecture 2: Soil Properties and Groundwater Flow
9621 Soil Remediation Engineering Lecture 2: Soil Properties and Groundwater Flow Spring 2012 Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science 1 2.1 Soil properties 2.1.1 What is soil? Each discipline defines
More informationTrue False Click and Drag Artesian wells are naturally under pressure and require no additional pumps to get the water out of the ground.
True False Click and Drag Artesian wells are naturally under pressure and require no additional pumps to get the water out of the ground. Groundwater recharge is the water from infiltration Groundwater
More informationGroundwater Earth 9th Edition Chapter 17 Mass wasting: summary in haiku form Importance of groundwater Importance of groundwater
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Groundwater Earth 9 th Edition Chapter 17 Geology 100 Mass wasting: summary in haiku form The grass is greener over the septic system said Erma Bombeck. Importance of groundwater
More informationGroundwater and surface water: a single resource. Santa Cruz River, Tucson
Groundwater and surface water: a single resource Santa Cruz River, Tucson 1942 1989 1 Groundwater basics Groundwater is water found within the pore spaces of geologic material beneath the surface of the
More informationA Preliminary Experimental Analysis of Infiltration Capacity through Disturbed River Bank Soil Samples
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS A Preliminary Experimental Analysis of Infiltration Capacity through Disturbed River Bank Soil Samples Chitaranjan Dalai 1, Ramakarjha 2 1 (Department of Civil Engineering,
More information1. Introduction. 2. Material and Methods
Golf Session II Papers THE SLOPING GREEN: EFFECT OF ROOTZONE MATERIAL AND DEPTH ON MOISTURE RETENTION IN USGA PUTTING GREENS B.R. Leinauer, P.E. Rieke, T.A. Nikolai, D.E. Karcher, J.R Crum, R.M. Sallenave,
More informationPore-Water Pressure Definition for a Levee Stability Analysis
Pore-Water Pressure Definition for a Levee Stability Analysis GEO-SLOPE International Ltd. www.geo-slope.com 1200, 700-6th Ave SW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2P 0T8 Main: +1 403 269 2002 Fax: +1 888 463 2239
More informationWater Management in Pecan Orchards. Dr. Jim Walworth Dept. of Soil, Water & Environmental Sci. University of Arizona
Water Management in Pecan Orchards Dr. Jim Walworth Dept. of Soil, Water & Environmental Sci. University of Arizona Orchard Water Use = Evapotranspiration Soil Evaporation + Plant Transpiration Combined
More informationHow & Where does infiltration work? Context: Summary of Geologic History Constraints/benefits for different geologic units
Associated Earth Sciences, Inc. Associated Earth Sciences, Inc. Presented by: Matthew A. Miller, PE April 23, 2013 How & Where does infiltration work? Context: Summary of Geologic History Constraints/benefits
More informationMethods for Measuring Hydraulic Conductivity
Methods for Measuring Hydraulic Conductivity Hydraulic Conductivity Definition Importance Methods Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity Applications OUTLINE Definition What
More informationWetting Agents QUALIBRA Deeper Thinking
Wetting Agents QUALIBRA Deeper Thinking 04 th October 2016, Dubai Marcela Munoz T&L Technical Manager Syngenta EAME 1 Wetting agents. Why do we need them? Climatic extremes, hot, dry and wind impact on
More informationDetermination of Hydrophobicity Index: Standard and Mini Disk Infiltrometers
Determination of Hydrophobicity Index: Standard and Mini Disk s A.E. Hunter 1, B.C. Si 1, H.W. Chau 1 1 Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan,
More informationWater Resources Engineering. Prof. R. Srivastava. Department of Water Resources Engineering. Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur.
Water Resources Engineering Prof. R. Srivastava Department of Water Resources Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Lecture # 13 Today we will continue to discuss some of the abstractions
More informationCONTAMINATED LAND FUNDAMENTALS
CONTAMINATED LAND FUNDAMENTALS Hydrogeology Martin Robertson Z Energy Ltd HYDROGEOLOGY AND THE CSM. WATER CYCLE Groundwater is often a subdued replica of topography. Flow patterns are controlled by the
More informationThe soil is a very. The soil can. The manure. Soil Characteristics. effective manure treatment system if manures are applied at the proper rate.
The soil is a very effective manure treatment system if manures are applied at the proper rate. The soil can filter pollutants and prevent them from reaching groundwater. The manure application rate should
More informationEx: If porosity of a soil sample is 50% by volume, the moisture in each meter of a saturated soil is equivalent to 50 cm on the field surface.
Soil moisture constants: Saturation Capacity (Maximum moisture holding capacity): It is defined as the amount of water required to fill all the pore spaces between soil particles by replacing all the air.
More informationUNIVERSITY OF BOLTON RAK ACADEMIC CENTRE BENG (HONS) CIVIL ENGINEERING SEMESTER ONE EXAMINATION 2017/2018 GROUND AND WATER STUDIES 1
OCD023 UNIVERSITY OF BOLTON RAK ACADEMIC CENTRE BENG (HONS) CIVIL ENGINEERING SEMESTER ONE EXAMINATION 2017/2018 GROUND AND WATER STUDIES 1 Date: Friday 12 th January 2018 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: MODULE
More information3/7/ Basic Types of Rocks. A Brief Review of Physics
A Brief Review of Physics Energy is the capacity to do work. Work is equal to the product of the net force applied to a fluid and the distance through which the force moves: W = F l W is work [M 2 T -2
More informationSOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
GEOLOGY 408/508 SOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE CHAPTER 6 Brady & Weil, Rev. 14th ed. THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE (FIGURE 6.2) WATER BALANCE EQUATION Watershed - an area of land drained by a single stream system
More informationGroundwater. Chapter 10 11/22/2011. I. Importance of groundwater
Groundwater Chapter 10 I. Importance of groundwater A. Groundwater is water found in the pores of soil and sediment, plus narrow fractures in bedrock B. Where is fresh water - 2 % of all water is fresh
More informationDESIGN PARAMETERS FOR MULTI-PHASE EXTRACTION SYSTEMS USING UNSATURATED AND SATURATED SOIL PROPERTIES
DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR MULTI-PHASE EXTRACTION SYSTEMS USING UNSATURATED AND SATURATED SOIL PROPERTIES Todd White, M.Sc., P.Geol. and Douglas A. Sweeney, M.Sc., P.Eng. SEACOR Environmental Inc. INTRODUCTION
More informationCOMAND provides a natural, cost effective way of maintaining quality playing surfaces, while creating wear tolerant and attractive turfgrass
MAXIMIZE TURF HEALTH & PERFORMANCE COMAND provides a natural, cost effective way of maintaining quality playing surfaces, while creating wear tolerant and attractive turfgrass ADVANCED NATURAL TOPDRESSING
More informationSOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS
SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS, Zerihun Alemayehu GROUNDWATER Groundwater takes 0.6% of the total water in the hydrosphere 0.31% of the total water in the hydrosphere has depth less than
More information