Soils&and&nutrient&cycling&in& tropical&forests& Carlos&A.&Sierra& Max&Planck&Ins;tute&for& Biogeochemistry&
|
|
- Bertha Cain
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Soils&and&nutrient&cycling&in& tropical&forests& Carlos&A.&Sierra& Max&Planck&Ins;tute&for& Biogeochemistry&
2 Outline& Nutrient&plant&demands& The&biogeochemical&heterogeneity&of&the& tropical&biome& Humans&and&the&cycling&of&nutrients&
3 Essen;al&elements&for&life&
4 Essen%al(Nutrients(of(Plants( & ( ( (Chemical ( (Atomic(Ionic(forms ( ( ( ( (Approximate(dry((( (((((Element (((( ( (symbol( (weight(absorbed(by(plants ( (concentra%on (((( Macronutrients&&&& Nitrogen & & & &N & & &14.01& & &NO 3I,&&NH4 + & & & & & & &4.0&%& Phosphorus & & &P & & &30.98& & &PO 3I 4,&HPO 2I 4,&H 2 PO 4I & & &&&&&&&0.5&%& Potassium& & &&& &K & & &39.10& & &K + & & & & & & & &4.0&%& Magnesium & & &Mg & &24.32& & &Mg 2+ & & & & & & &0.5&%& Sulfur & & & & &S & & &32.07& & &SO 2I 4 & & & & & & &0.5&%& Calcium & & & &Ca& &&&&&&40.08 & &&&&&&Ca 2+ & & & & & & &1.0&%& Micronutrients, Iron & & & & &Fe& & &55.85& & &Fe 2+,&Fe 3+ & & & & & &&200&ppm& Manganese & & &Mn & &54.94& & &Mn 2+ & & & & & &&200&ppm& Zinc & & & & &Zn& & &65.38& & &Zn 2+ & & & & & &&&&30&ppm& Copper & & & &Cu& &&&&&&63.54 & & &Cu + 2 & & & & & &&&&10&ppm& Boron & & & & &B & & &10.82& & &BO 2I 3,&B 4 O 2I 7 & & & & &&&&&&&&&&60&ppm&& Molybdenum & & &Mo & &95.95& & &MoO 2I 4 & & & & & &&&&&&2&ppm& Chlorine & & & &Cl & & &35.46& & &Cl I & & & & & &&&&&3000&ppm& Essen.al, Carbon & & & &C & & &12.01& & &CO 2 & & & & & &&40&%& Hydrogen & & & &H & & &&&1.01& & &H 2 O & & & & & &&&&6&%& Oxygen & & & &O & & &16.00& & &O 2,&H 2 O & & & & & &&40&%& & &Plant&;ssues&also&contain&other&elements&(Na,&Se,&Co,&Si,&Rb,&Sr,&F,&I)&which&are¬&needed&for& the&normal&growth&and&development.&
5 Primary&func;ons&of&elements& Func%on( Elements( Chemical(form( Examples( Structural& Electrochemical& Cataly;c&(acid& base)& Cataly;c&(redox)& H,&O,&C,&N,&P,&S,&Si,& B,&F,&Ca& H,&Na,&K,&Cl,& HPO 4 I2 & Zn,&Ni,&Fe,&Mn& Fe,&Cu,&Mn,&Mo,& Se& Organic& compounds& Free&ions& Complexed&with& enzymes& Complexed&with& enzymes& Biological& molecules,&cell& walls,&;ssue,& skeletons,&etc.& Message& transmission,& cellular&signaling,& energy& metabolisms& Diges;on,& hydrolisis,&po 4 & removal&in&acid& media& Reac;ons&with&O 2, & N&fixa;on,& reduc;on&of& nucleo;des& Sterner&&&Elser,&2002.&
6 Chapin&et&al.,&2011&
7 Nutrient&supply&constraints&the&produc;vity&of& terrestrial&ecosystems& Chapin&et&al.&2002.&
8 N,&P,&and&K&are&the&most&important&nutrients&that& contribute&to&plant&growth&in&agroiecosystems& Source:&FAO&2005&
9 Justus&von&Liebig's&Law(of(the( Minimum& Plant&growth&is& controlled¬&by&the& total&amount&of& resources,&but&by&the& scarcest&resource & y =min{f N (N),f P (P ),f K (K),...,f L (L)}
10 Nutrient&supply&constraints&the&produc;vity&of& ecosystems&
11 The&supply&of,&and&demand&for,&N&and&P&are& usually&in&close&balance& Davidson&&&Howarth&2007.&&
12 N&and&P&are&the& most&important& nutrients&for& biological∾vity& Sterner&&&Elser&2002&
13 Different&biological&molecules&have&fixed&stoichiometric& propor;ons& Sterner&&&Elser&2002&
14 C,&N,&and&P&can&be&found&in&constant&propor;ons& in&the&oceans&
15 N:P&ra;os&might&be&indicators&of&nutrient&limita;on& in&terrestrial&ecosystems& N:P&<&14& N:P&>&16&
16 N:P&ra;os&appear&to&indicate&P& limita;on&in&tropical&ecosystems& Hedin&2004&
17 Soil&nutrients&change&with&soil& development& Lambers&et&al.&2008&
18 Soil&pH&and&nutrient&concentra;ons&
19 Phosphorus&in&soils&decreases&with& ;me& Walker&&&Syers&1976&
20 Test&of&the&Walker&&&Syers &model&in&a&longiterm& chronosequence&in&hawaii& Crews&et&al.&1995&
21 Test&of&the&Walker&&& Syers &model&in&a&longi term&chronosequence& in&hawaii& Crews&et&al.&1995&
22 Changes&in&nutrient&limita;on&with&soil&development& Vitousek&&&Farrington&1997&
23 Take&home&messages& Nitrogen&and&phosphorus&are&the&main& nutrients&that&control&plant&growth& N&and&P&limits&plant&produc;on&in&a&synergis;c& fashion.&addi;ons&of&n&must&be&balanced&by& more&p&and&vice&versa.& P&limita;on&is&related&to&soil&development.&As& a&consequence&tropical&forests&are&believe&to& be&p&limited.&&
24 The&biogeochemical&heterogeneity&of& the&tropical&biome&
25 Source:&hmp:// soil4505/doc/unit10af.htm& Soils&of&Africa&
26 USDA&soil&orders&and&soil&development&
27 Soils&of&the&Amazon&basin& Quesada&et&al.&2011&
28 Soil&development&in&the&Amazon&
29 Oxisols&(USDA)&or&Ferralsols&(WRB)& Highly&weathered& High&clay&content&but&of&low& ac;vity&(1:1itype)& Deep&soils&>&20m& Good&drainage& Low&natural&fer;lity& High&concentra;ons&of&Fe& and&al&oxides& Moderately&acid&
30 Ul;sols&(overlaps&with&Plinthosols)& Highly&weathered& Clay&weathering&and&transloca;on& Acid&B&horizon&with&<&35%&CEC& No&calcareous&material& &<&10%&weatherable&minerals&in&topsoil&
31 Spodosolos&(Podzols)& Intensive&acid&leaching& Subsurface&horizon&with&illuvia;on&of& organic&mamer& WhiteIsand&horizon&of&eluvia;on& Some&of&the&most&nutrient&poor&forest& in&the&tropics& do&nascimento&et&al.&(2004)&
32
33 But&tropical&forests&are&supposed&to&be&the&most& produc;ve&ecosystems&on&earth!& Beer&et&al.&2010&
34 Tropical&forest¶dox& The%tropical%rainforest%thus%has%a% rela2vely%rich%nutrient%economy% perched%on%a%nutrient7poor% substrate % Whimaker&1975&
35 Primary&produc;vity&is&controlled&by&the& availability&and&the&efficiency&of&resources& NPP =min{l LUE, N NUE,W WUE} L = Light N = Nutrients W = Water Agren&&&Andersson&2012&
36 Strategies&to&increase&NUE&in&tropical& forests& Retransloca;on& NIfixa;on&and&symbio;c&associa;ons& Root&mats&
37 Limi;ng&nutrients&are&retranslocated&before&leaf& abscission&& Fife&et&al.&2003&
38 Roots&do¬&appear&to&retranslocate&nutrients& Gordon&&&Jackson&2000&
39 N&fixa;on&in&tropical&forests& Hedin&et&al.&2009&
40 NIfixing&organisms&
41 FreeIliving&N&fixers&in&a&tropical&forest& Reed&et&al.&2008&
42 Legumes&are&important&NIfixers,&but¬&always,& not&everywhere& Barron&et&al.&2010&
43 Roots&release&organic&substances&& (chelates&and&phosphatases)&to& mineralize&p&
44 RootImats& Jordan&&&Escalante&1980&
45 Strategies&to&increase&NUE&in&tropical& forests& Retransloca;on& NIfixa;on&and&symbio;c&associa;ons& Root&mats& LongIlived&;ssue&(leaves)& Defense&compounds&against&herbivory& Adjust&shoot&to&root&ra;os&
46 The&biogeochemical&heterogeneity&of& the&tropical&biome&
47 Wood&produc;vity&seems&related&to&soil&age&in&the&Amazon& basin& Malhi&et&al.&2004&
48 Soil&P&may&explain&differences&in&aboveground&wood& produc;on&
49 But&aboveground&NPP&may¬&tell&us&the&whole& story& Aboveground NPP Belowground NPP Productivity (Mg C ha 1 yr 1 ) Productivity (Mg C ha 1 yr 1 ) Clay soils Sandy soils Clay soils Sandy soils Total NPP LAI index Productivity (Mg C ha 1 yr 1 ) LAI index (m 2 m 2 ) Clay soils Sandy soils Clay soils Sandy soils Jimenez&et&al.&2014&
50 TakeIhome&message& The&tropical&biome&is&highly&diverse&in&its& biogeochemistry,&but&most®ions&have&highly& weathered&soils& Highly&weathered&soils&suggest&P&limita;on&in& these&forests,&however&they&are&s;ll&highly& produc;ve& This¶dox&can&be&resolved&in&terms&of&the& efficiency&of&nutrient&use&
51
52 Humans&and&the&cycling&of&nutrients&
53 Shiuing&cul;va;on&
54 Shiuing&cul;va;on&
55 Uhl&&&Jordan&1984& Ecosystem&recovery&auer&slashIandIburn&
56 Ecosystem&recovery&auer&slashIandIburn& Uhl&&&Jordan&1984&
57 Recovery&cycle&and&soil&proper;es& Chazdon&2014&
58 Biomass&recovery&in&tropical&America& Poorter&et&al.&2016&Nature&530:&211I214&
59 Biomass&recovery&in&tropical&America& Poorter&et&al.&2016&Nature&530:&211I214&
60 What&are&the&effects&of&large&scale& deforesta;on&on&nutrient&cycling?&
61 Effects&on&aqua;c&ecosystems&
62 Important&amounts&of&N&are&removed&by& deforesta;on,&but&it&can&recover&in&secondary&forests& Markewitz&et&al.&2004&
63 P&is&also&removed&but&an&important&por;on&is& retained&by&minerals&in&the&soil& Markewitz&et&al.&2004&
64 N&recovers&auer&agricultural& abandonment& Davidson&et&al.&2007&
65 Davidson&et&al.&2007& A&new¶digm&
66 N&fixa;on&seems&to&be&key&for& phosphatase&produc;on& Houlton&et&al.&2008&
67 C&stocks&can&recover&auer&decades&of& landiuse& TAGB (Mg C ha!1 ) TBB (Mg C ha!1 ) TDM (Mg C ha!1 ) Successional age (years) Successional age (years) Successional age (years) SOC (Mg C ha!1 ) TCS (Mg C ha!1 ) Proportion TAGB/TCS TAGB/TM Successional age (years) Successional age (years) Successional age (years) Sierra&et&al.&2012&
68
69 Con;nuous&cul;va;on&and&fer;liza;on&
70 However,&con;nuous&cul;va;on&is¬& sustainable& Stocking&2003&
71 Fertilier use (kg ha-1 arable land) Colombia China Germany USA World Year
72 Phosphorous&peak&
73
74 Phosphorus&use&efficiency&
75 TakeIhome&messages& SlashIandIburn&of&tropical&forests&make& nutrients&available&for&crops,&but&produc;vity& decline&over&;me& Regrowing&forest&can&recover&nutrient&stocks& over&;me& N&is&a&key&nutrient&for&forest&recovery& Current&fer;lizer&use&is¬&sustainable&
76 Topics&for&discussion& Environmental&consequences&of&largeIscale& conversion&of&tropical&forests&(oil&palm,&soy).& Sustainability&of&crop&produc;on&in&tropical& regions.& Possible&solu;ons&to&balance&food&produc;on& and&nutrient&loss.&
Nutrient Management in Vegetable Crops
Nutrient Management in Vegetable Crops Dr. Tom Thompson Dept. of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science Presented at 14 th Annual Desert Crops Workshop Holtville, CA 3 December, 2003 Objectives of Nutrient
More informationHortiFlow Analysis (w/v) Dilution Rates. Nutrient Gift (mg/litre) N P₂O₅ K₂O
HortiFlow 10-2-5 Total Nitrogen(N) 10% Nitrate Nitrogen 1.20% Ureic Nitrogen 8.80% Phosphorous Pentoxide (P₂O₅ 2.00 Potassium Oxide (K₂O) 5.00 Weak Feed 1ml/litre 100 ( NO₃ - 12) (urea 88) Standard Feed
More informationWheat Grain Nutrient Content. Tom Jensen International Plant Nutrition Institute Saskatoon, SK
Wheat Grain Nutrient Content Tom Jensen International Plant Nutrition Institute Saskatoon, SK IPNI is supported by leading fertilizer manufacturers and industry associations 2 Plant Mineral Nutrients Macro
More informationNUTRIENTS. Nitrogen (N) 15,000 Potassium (K) 10,000 Calcium (Ca) 5,000 Magnesium (Mg) 2,000 Phosphorus (P) 2,000 Sulfur (S) 1,000
NITROGEN ISSUES NUTRIENTS Macro-nutrients mg/kg* Nitrogen (N) 15,000 Potassium (K) 10,000 Calcium (Ca) 5,000 Magnesium (Mg) 2,000 Phosphorus (P) 2,000 Sulfur (S) 1,000 * Based on Dry Weight of plant tissue
More information2013 Georgia Grazing School:
Soil Fertility in Grazed Systems How Soil Holds Nutrients Soil Particle Organic Matter Extension Forage Specialist Crop and Soil Sciences UGA Mg K + Ca K + Al 3+ Mg Ca e.g., CEC = 10 K + K + Mg Ca Ca Mg
More informationFertility and Crop Nutrition. B. Linquist, R. Mutters, J. Hill and C. vankessel Rice Production Workshop, March 21, 2011
Fertility and Crop Nutrition B. Linquist, R. Mutters, J. Hill and C. vankessel Rice Production Workshop, March 21, 2011 900 800 Fertilizer costs: 1960-2010 Source: USDA 700 600 Nitrogen solutions (30%)
More information2014 Georgia Grazing School:
Soil Fertility in Grazed Systems Extension Forage Specialist Crop and Soil Sciences UGA What s in the soil, is in the plant, is in the animal,. Nutrient Storage Capacity How Soil Holds Nutrients Soil Particle
More informationNutrient Management in Field Crops MSU Fertilizer Recommendations Crop*A*Syst 2015 Nutrient Management Training
Nutrient Management in Field Crops MSU Fertilizer Recommendations Crop*A*Syst 2015 Nutrient Management Training George Silva - silvag@msu.edu Eaton, Ingham, Barry and Livingston Counties 17 Essential Plant
More informationTaking the Confusion Out of Soil Testing. Bill Kreuser University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Taking the Confusion Out of Soil Testing Bill Kreuser University of NebraskaLincoln Why Do We Soil Test? Estimate plant available nutrients Monitor changes in soil nutrients Peace of Mind Emphasis on Available
More informationDetroit Water and Sewerage Department Water Quality Division Laboratory Analysis of Water Samples Collected at Lake Huron Plant 6/9/2015
Lake Huron Plant Turbidity NTU 0.35 0.05 0.3/95% (1) Total Solids mg/l 136 162 500 10 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 145 136 500 10 Aluminum Al mg/l 0.510 0.142 0.05-0.2 0.005 Iron Fe mg/l 0.082 0.118 0.3
More informationMWELO Providing Insight on Soil and Compost Requirements. Will Bakx
MWELO Providing Insight on Soil and Compost Requirements Will Bakx www.sonomacompost.com willbakx@sonomacompost.com Soils: 2 Sections 492.5 Soil Management report 492.6(3) Soil Preparation, Mulch and Amendments
More informationUnderstanding your EAL agricultural soil results
Understanding your EAL agricultural soil results An EAL agricultural soil test report holds a wealth of information. To assist in its interpretation, please refer to the colour coded text below and within
More informationSoil Fertility and Fertilizers - Timing and Management Crop Opportunity Update North Battleford, SK March 6, 2014
Soil Fertility and Fertilizers - Timing and Management Crop Opportunity Update North Battleford, SK March 6, 2014 Ross H. McKenzie PhD, P. Ag Retired Agronomy Research Scientist Lethbridge, AB. Outline:
More informationLake Huron Water Treatment Plant Mineral Report
Lake Huron Water Treatment Plant Mineral Report Turbidity NTU 0.40 0.05 0.3/95% (1) Total Solids mg/l 160 155 500 10 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 101 0 500 10 Aluminum Al mg/l < 0.050 0.060 0.05-0.2 0.005
More informationLake Huron Water Treatment Plant Mineral Report
Lake Huron Water Treatment Plant Mineral Report Turbidity NTU 0.30 0.06 0.3/95% (1) Total Solids mg/l 94 91 500 10 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 81 51 500 10 Aluminum Al mg/l < 0.050 < 0.050 0.05-0.2 0.005
More informationDetroit Water and Sewerage Department Water Quality Division Laboratory Analysis of Water Samples Collected at Lake Huron Plant 10/14/2014
Lake Huron Plant Turbidity NTU 0.43 0.04 0.3/95% (1) Total Solids mg/l 103 116 500 10 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 112 142 500 10 Aluminum Al mg/l < 0.050 < 0.050 0.05-0.2 0.005 Iron Fe mg/l 0.053 < 0.050
More informationObjective. Understand the importance of nutrient cycles
Nutrient cycles 1 Objective Understand the importance of nutrient cycles 2 Keywords General facts about nutrients Soil- and economic concerns Humus is important for sustainable nutrient management 4 General
More informationPrinciples Of Fertigation In Micro Irrigation
Principles Of Fertigation In Micro Irrigation National Seminar On Fertigation Date: 15 th Sept. 2017 Venue: Hotel Surya Palace, Vadodara Snehasish Majumder FERTIGATION Fertigation is the process of application
More informationPasture Management- Fertility. Brie Menjoulet Agronomy Specialist Hermitage, MO
Pasture Management- Fertility Brie Menjoulet Agronomy Specialist Hermitage, MO Goals of Pasture Fertility To establish and maintain desired species Requirements and application timing of some nutrients
More informationDean Haen Director Port of Green Bay
Dean Haen Director Port of Green Bay In-Water Confined Disposal Facilities (CDF) failed Expansion Open Water Dumping prohibited Upland Disposal Only viable option Bay Port (Upland Confined Disposal Facility)
More informationNomenclature. A systematic method of writing chemical formulas and naming compounds
Nomenclature A systematic method of writing chemical formulas and naming compounds Chemical symbols Symbols are used to represent elements Either one capital letter, or a capital letter with a lower case
More informationCalculating Crop Nutrient Value From Irrigation Water Inputs: A Survey of Southeast Missouri Irrigation
University of Missouri Extension WQ278, Reviewed January 2009 Calculating Crop Nutrient Value From Irrigation Water Inputs: A Survey of Southeast Missouri Irrigation Paul Tracy and S.G. Hefner Department
More informationThe objective of this document is to specify the chemicals characteristics and properties of the material Steel AISI Carbon Steel.
STEEL AISI - 2 Steel AISI 2. Carbon Steel. Carbon C.8.23 Manganese Mn.3.6 Phosphorus P -.4 Max Sulfur S -.5 Max FM-DO-CO-2 3/3/27 STEEL AISI - 862 Steel AISI 862. Carbon Steel. Carbon C.7.23 Silicon Si
More informationValue of Secondary & Micronutrients in Dairy Manure RICHARD HALOPKA, CCA UW- EXTENSION CLARK COUNTY CROPS & SOILS AGENT
Value of Secondary & Micronutrients in Dairy Manure RICHARD HALOPKA, CCA UW- EXTENSION CLARK COUNTY CROPS & SOILS AGENT Method Randomly select 100 manure samples 65 liquid < 11% dry matter (DM) 35 solid
More informationEPA Primary. (mg/l as CaCO3) (mg/l as CaCO3)
NORTH TEXAS MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT - Wylie Water Analysis Jan-2018 Mineral Analysis Raw Treated Standards Residue on Evaporation 412 456 500 1000 Silica (SiO2) 3.63 3.41 Iron (Fe) 0.378 0.259 0.3 0.3
More informationUnderstanding Nutrients and Their Affects on the Environment
Understanding Nutrients and Their Affects on the Environment Humans & Ecosystems Humans are just like ecosystems, too much or too little of a nutrient is bad for the system. Nutrient management is a balancing
More informationInterpreting Soils tests to build active soils w/cover crops
Interpreting Soils tests to build active soils w/cover crops Eero Ruuttila UCONN Sustainable Agriculture Specialist January 18, 2014 Getting Started in Organic Farming Conference The popular mind is still
More informationCan Sugar Beet Juice Effluent Be Used as a Biofertilizer?
Can Sugar Beet Juice Effluent Be Used as a Biofertilizer? WRPI/USDA WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROJECT REPORT Anna Allen USDA-ARS-SJVASC 9611 E. RIVERBEND AVE. PARLIER, CA 93648 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements...
More informationGeneral Recommendations for Fertilization of Turfgrasses on Florida Soils 1
SL1 General Recommendations for Fertilization of Turfgrasses on Florida Soils 1 J.B. Sartain In many neighborhoods, people envy the individual with the most beautiful lawn and think they cannot grow a
More informationWhich of these is the formula for disulfur heptoxide? A. S 2 O 7 B. S 7 O 2 C. SO 2 D. N 2 O
Which of these is the formula for disulfur heptoxide? A. S 2 O 7 B. S 7 O 2 C. SO 2 D. N 2 O Which of these is the correct chemical formula for a molecule of oxygen? A. O B. O -2 C. O +2 D. O 2 Which of
More informationTopic Reacting masses Level GCSE Outcomes 1. To calculate reacting masses 2. To set out mole calculations in a grid format
Topic Reacting masses Level GCSE Outcomes 1. To calculate reacting masses 2. To set out mole calculations in a grid format Problems on Reacting Masses of Solids Section 1 1. What is the mass of magnesium
More informationHUMAN IMPACT. Part 1. EUTROPHICATION & ACIDIFICATION
HUMAN IMPACT Part 1. EUTROPHICATION & ACIDIFICATION SUBSTANCES INORGANIC & ORGANIC SUBSTANCES INORGANIC & ORGANIC Eutrophication Acidification HUMAN IMPACT EUTROPHICATION EUTROPHICATION water pollution
More informationManipulating Fertility of Potted Chrysanthemum Influences Cotton Aphid (Aphis gossypii) Populations
Manipulating Fertility of Potted Chrysanthemum Influences Cotton Aphid (Aphis gossypii) Populations Fred T. Davies 1, Jr., Kevin M. Heinz 2, Amanda Chau 2, Chuanjiu He 1, and Andy D. Cartmill 1 1 Department
More informationCERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS
BAY 3, 4500 5TH STREET NE CALGARY, AB CANADA T2L 7C3 MAXXAM JOB #: A814851 Received: 2008/04/02, 13:15 Matrix: Water # s Received: 1 This report supersedes all previous reports with the same Maxxam job
More informationOrganic Growing. Michael Bomford Kentucky State University
Organic Growing Michael Bomford Kentucky State University Certified Organic Producers, 2006 16 U.S. organic food sales have grown between 17 and 21% each year since 1997 (total U.S. food sales over this
More informationAppendix C1: Batch Kinetics Tests
Appendix C1: Batch Kinetics Tests This appendix contains the entire data set for the batch kinetics tests for the potential biofilter components. These tests were performed to provide estimates of optimal
More informationBIOCHAR SOIL IMPROVEMENT WHY BOTHER? WHAT CAN IT DO FOR YOU? HOW DO YOU MAKE IT?
BIOCHAR SOIL IMPROVEMENT WHY BOTHER? WHAT CAN IT DO FOR YOU? HOW DO YOU MAKE IT? CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE YOUR MOST VALUABLE ASSET IS YOUR SOIL BUT WHAT S THE REAL TRUTH ABOUT CLICK TO EDIT MASTER
More informationRECOMMENDED SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION (For Testing Laboratories) * Test Method / Standard against which tests are performed
Sl Product / Material of test 1 Wastewater Colour, true colour units, 2 Turbidity, NTU 3 Total dissolved solids mg/1, IS-3025 (Part 4) -1983 2005: 2120 /C IS-3025 (Part 10)-1984 2005: 2130/B IS-3025 (Part
More informationPROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAMS SOILS & INPUTS
PROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAMS SOILS & INPUTS A15 15a 24 A38a A38b 45 Soils Fresh soils Mineral fertilizers Activated sludge, sediments, Soil: Physico-chemistry Activated sludge, sediments, Soil: Micropollutants
More informationWith High Fertilizer Prices. Gerald Bryan Extension Agronomist UM Extension Jackson, MO
With High Fertilizer Prices Gerald Bryan Extension Agronomist UM Extension Jackson, MO 573 243 3581 Good fertility = Good Pastures = Good Crops Know where you are..soil Test What Nutrients Do Plants Require?
More information2016 Southern Consultants Meeting High Yield Soybean Production
2016 Southern Consultants Meeting High Yield Soybean Production Daniel H. Poston February 25, 2016 Things That Drive Soybean Yield Light (Temperature) Nutrition Water (Drainage) Pest management What do
More informationAn essential element. N o u r i s h i n g t h e P l a n e t i n t h e 21s t C e n t u r y
Master 1.1, Essential Nutrients An essential element 1. is required for a plant to complete its life cycle; 2. cannot be replaced by another element; 3. is directly involved in the plant s metabolism;
More informationPumpkin Grown on Leaf Mulch Produces Large Attractive Fruit and Builds Soil Quality
Pumpkin Grown on Leaf Mulch Produces Large Attractive Fruit and Builds Soil Quality J. Heckman and A. Wyenandt Mid-Atlantic Pumpkin School January 24, 2007 2 Passes = 6 inch Mulch Layer (20 dry tons/acre)
More informationNational Sunflower Association of Canada Inc.
National Sunflower Association of Canada Inc. Nutritional Needs of Sunflower CROP DEVELOPMENT General Ensuring the fertility needs of the crop are met is critical to maximize yield and profit. Improper
More informationThe Next Step for Berries: Precision Fertigation
The Next Step for Berries: Precision Fertigation by: Marcus van Heyst (M.Hort.Sc.) National Sales Manager Powerplants Australia Pty Ltd Introduction Hydroponics definition Fertigation system types Control
More informationAre Soil Tests Worth It? Making Soil Tests Work for YOU. The Familiar Process. Soil Tests Miss the Most Important Nutrient
Are Soil Tests Worth It? Making Soil Tests Work for YU Bill Kreuser University of Nebraska Lincoln Turf.unl.edu 1 2 The Familiar Process 1. Take soil sample and submit to a lab How deep and how many samples?
More informationTHE EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY HIGH DENSITY SEPTIC SYSTEMS ON SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN GWINNETT COUNTY, GEORGIA
THE EFFECTS OF EXTREMELY HIGH DENSITY SEPTIC SYSTEMS ON SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN GWINNETT COUNTY, GEORGIA John Anderson Georgia Perimeter College Lawrence Kiage Georgia State University Geographic Setting
More informationGeneral Recommendations for Fertilization of Turfgrasses on Florida Soils 1
SL21 General Recommendations for Fertilization of Turfgrasses on Florida Soils 1 T. W. Shaddox 2 In many neighborhoods, people envy the individual with the most beautiful lawn and think they cannot grow
More informationSafety Data Sheets (SDSs) Soon To be Avalable for Purchase from AFS
Steel SC002 High Alloy Steel Chromium (Cr) 10.0 52.0 7440 47 3 Cobalt (Co) 0 2.5 7440 48 4 Copper (Cu) 0 4.0 7440 50 8 Iron (Fe) Remainder 7439 89 6 Manganese (Mn) 0.3 6.0 7439 96 5 Molybdenum (Mo) 2.0
More informationS1 Building Blocks Summary Notes
S1 Building Blocks Summary Notes Atoms & Molecules 1 We are developing our understanding of atoms and molecules. Atoms are the simplest building blocks of every substance in the universe. There are just
More informationFormula & Equation Writing
Formula & Equation Writing Book column Be Na Mg column Ca lithium Ionic Equations Ionic Formulae Balanced Equations Formula Equations Word Equations carbonate Transition Metals C 3 valency valency Using
More informationSustainable Intensification: Growth from research and technology. Optimized fertilizer use efficiency for crop nutrition and GHG reduction
SCI BioResources Group / Syngenta Sustainable Intensification: Growth from research and technology Jealott s Hill Research Centre, UK, Tuesday 30 th October 2012 Optimized fertilizer use efficiency for
More information4R Nutrient Management Plan Worksheet
4R Nutrient Management Plan Worksheet 1) Farm Information Enterprise Name (Farm or Business name): Contact Information Farmer (Name, Address, Phone, Email) Contact Information Adviser (Professional Agrologist,
More informationP.M. FRIDAY, 12 June hour For Examiner s use only
Surname Centre Number Candidate Number Other Names 0 GCSE 4462/02 S15-4462-02 SCIENCE A/CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY 1 HIGHER TIER P.M. FRIDAY, 12 June 2015 1 hour For s use Question Maximum Mark Mark Awarded 1.
More informationChapter 7.2. AFFIRM and Alberta MMP Software. learning objectives
AFFIRM and Alberta MMP Software learning objectives Identify information required to use the Alberta Farm Fertilizer Information and Recommendation Manager (AFFIRM). Identify information required to use
More informationextension.missouri.edu Archive version -- See Using Your Soil Test Results
University of Missouri Extension G9111, Reviewed October 1, 1993 Editor's note: Use the XPLOR order form to purchase the printed version of this publication, which includes a sample soil test report. Using
More informationSoil Testing and Nutrient Management. Craig Cogger Soil Scientist WSU Puyallup
Soil Testing and Nutrient Management Craig Cogger Soil Scientist WSU Puyallup Soil Testing Nutrients Soil Quality Contaminants Biological Simple Soil Quality Tests Texture Structure Color Texture: Proportions
More informationPractice General Chemistry Speaking Test (I. Gould) (Questions from Chapter 1 of the textbook) hydrogen 1 H
Practice General hemistry Speaking Test (I. Gould) (Questions from hapter 1 of the textbook) hydrogen 1 1.0079 helium 2 e 4.0026 lithium 3 Li 6.941 beryllium 4 Be 9.012 boron 5 B 10.811 carbon 6 12.0107
More informationSCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO 17034:2016
SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO 17034:2016 SCP SCIENCE 21800 Clark Graham Baie d'urfe, Quebec H9X 4B6 CANADA David Smith Phone: 514 457 0701 dsmith@scpscience.com REFERENCE MATERIAL PRODUCER Valid To: November
More informationSugarbeet Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates K.A. Rykbost and R.L. Dovell
K.A. Rykbost and R.L. Dovell Introduction Fertilizer requirements for optimum sugarbeet production in the Klamath Basin have not been extensively evaluated to date. Studies in Malheur County have shown
More informationUnit I PART I. MATH TOOLS FOR CHEMISTRY I. The Metric System The metric system is the scientific system of units of measurement
CHEMISTRY 100 LECTURE Unit I PART I. MATH TOOLS FOR CHEMISTRY I. The Metric System The metric system is the scientific system of units of measurement Length Volume Mass METRIC BASIC UNITS LENGTH MASS VOLUME
More informationNutrient Control BMPs: Soil Testing Plant Tissue Analysis Fertilizer Application Spill Prevention
Nutrient Control BMPs: Soil Testing Plant Tissue Analysis Fertilizer Application Spill Prevention Mabry McCray Everglades Research and Education Center Soil Testing Importance Part of the Nutrient Control
More informationSugarcane Fertilizer Recommendations. R. Johnson, H.Viator, B. Legendre
Sugarcane Fertilizer Recommendations R. Johnson, H.Viator, B. Legendre Essential Nutrients Nitrogen Phosphorous Potassium Calcium Sulfur Magnesium Micronutrients Zinc, Boron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Chlorine,
More informationQUESTIONNAIRE FOR GENERAL WTP REQUESTED DATA FOR THE WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WTP) - Application : groundwater (well pit); urban wastewater;
REQUESTED DATA FOR THE WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WTP) - Application : ENVIRONMENTAL DATA - Temperature min. : C - Temperature max. : C - Altitude (m.a.s.l) : m - Plant location (geographic area, seismic zone,
More informationSITE INFORMATION. Soil and Water. Outline. Site Characteristics. Introductory Vegetable Production. Some Basic Site Requirements 25/02/2013
Outline Soil and Water Introductory Vegetable Production Basic Site Requirements Site / Soil Information Soil Preparation Soil Fertility Water Uses, Sources, Quality Irrigation Crop Water Use 2 Some Basic
More informationMadhya Pradesh Waste Management Project Laboratory, Plot No. 104, Industrial Area No. II, Pithampur, Dhar, Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh Waste Management Project, Certificate Number TC-5022 (in lieu of T-2449) Page 1 of 8 CHEMICAL TESTING I. POLLUTION AND ENVIRONMENT 1. Waste Water (Effluent & Sewage) ph APHA 22nd Edition,
More informationPredicting Reaction Products
Predicting Reaction Products Once you classify a chemical reaction, write the products and balance the reaction. Review Diatomic Molecules! Elements that exist only as compounds in the natural world: Iodine
More informationImproving Corn and Soybean Yields With Starter and Foliar Fluid Fertilizers
Improving Corn and Soybean Yields With Starter and Foliar Fluid Fertilizers Dorivar Ruiz Diaz and Nathan Mueller Dep. of Agronomy Kansas State University Objectives Verify potential soil parameters that
More informationFertilizer and Nutrient Management of Timothy Hay
July 2009 Agdex 127/541-2 Fertilizer and Nutrient Management of Timothy Hay Timothy has a relatively high demand for nutrients. Under excellent moisture conditions or irrigation and when supplied with
More informationNutrient Control BMPs: Soil Testing Plant Tissue Analysis Fertilizer Application Spill Prevention
Nutrient Control BMPs: Soil Testing Plant Tissue Analysis Fertilizer Application Spill Prevention Mabry McCray Everglades Research and Education Center Soil Testing Importance Part of the Nutrient Control
More informationTREE ESSENTIAL ELEMENT. COPPER (Cu)
Pub. No. 19 April 016 TREE ESSENTIAL ELEMENT COPPER (Cu) by Dr. Kim D. Coder, Professor of Tree Biology & Health Care Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, University of Georgia Copper (Cu) is
More informationSoil Management Basics. New Farms for New Americans 2010
Soil Management Basics New Farms for New Americans 2010 Questions for Today: What is organic agriculture? What is soil fertility? What are the goals of a good soil management program? What are the components
More informationNutrient Control BMPs: Soil Testing Plant Tissue Analysis Fertilizer Application Spill Prevention
Nutrient Control BMPs: Soil Testing Plant Tissue Analysis Fertilizer Application Spill Prevention Mabry McCray Everglades Research and Education Center Soil Testing Importance Part of the Nutrient Control
More informationSoilFacts Waste Analysis Agricultural, industrial, municipal, and yard wastes can be valuable to farmers provided they are properly managed. Waste analysis is an important key to proper management. By
More informationAlfalfa Fertility. Brian Arnall Precision Nutrient Management Dept. Plant and Soil Sciences
Alfalfa Fertility Brian Arnall Precision Nutrient Management Dept. Plant and Soil Sciences Goals? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Table 4.6 Soil Fertility Handbook. Primary nutrient soil test calibration tables for
More informationBasic concepts of managing the water within an aquaponics system
Water Quality Station Basic concepts of managing the water within an aquaponics system Water is the life-blood of an aquaponics system. It is the medium through which all essential macro- and micronutrients
More informationTITLE: SABS PROFICIENCY TESTING SCHEME, RSA
TITLE: SABS PROFICIENCY TESTING SCHEME, RSA PRESENTED BY: Ms C. MODIKA Contact Info : +7(0) 48 6383 Fax No. ; +7(0) 48 609 Email : Modikac@sabs.co.za TANZANIA, 3 8 December 007 Mission Mission Statement
More informationKits. Item Product name Article Number 1 ACIDITY TEST AQUAMERCK ALCOHOL TEST MG/L REFLECTOQUANT
Kits Item Product name Article Number 1 ACIDITY TEST AQUAMERCK 1.11108.0001 2 ALCOHOL TEST 15-150 MG/L REFLECTOQUANT 1.17946.0001 3 ALKALINITY TEST AQUAMERCK 1.11109.0001 4 ALUMINIUM TEST 0.020-1.20 MG/L
More informationP.M. THURSDAY, 15 January minutes
Candidate Name Centre Number Candidate Number 0 GCSE 236/01 SCIENCE FOUNDATION TIER CHEMISTRY 1 P.M. THURSDAY, 15 January 2009 45 minutes For Examiner s use Total Mark ADDITIONAL MATERIALS In addition
More informationLoropetalum Screening for High Lime Induced Abnormalities
Loropetalum Screening for High Lime Induced Abnormalities Nature of Work: Dr. James T. Midcap Department of Horticulture The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 Sizzling Pink Loropetalum has developed
More informationCERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS
Your C.O.C. #: 32531001 Attention: Scott Churko Engineering and Operations Dpt PO Box 1390 Parksville, BC Canada V9P 2H3 CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS MAXXAM JOB #: B279455 Received: 2012/09/06, 09:15 Sample
More informationState of the art precision equipment run by dedicated staff guarantee rapid turnaround analyses, a service the Laboratory prides itself on.
Capability Statement AgVita Analytical has been providing analytical services to clients nationally for over 20 years. We are recognised within agricultural industries as one of Australia's leading laboratories
More informationNaming and Classifying the Elements. nobelium antimony. oxygen arsenic. phosphorus beryllium. platinum bismuth. plutonium boron.
6.2 Naming and Classifying the Elements To learn more about the origins of the names of the elements, visit www.science.nelson.com GO The names of the elements have varied origins. Some elements are named
More informationSite-Specific Nutrient Management
Site-Specific Nutrient Management For Nutrient Management Planning To Improve Crop Production, Environmental Quality, and Economic Return Written By: Agustin Pagani, Post-Doctoral Fellow John E. Sawyer,
More informationName: Mods: Date Agenda Homework
Name: Mods: UNIT 6 FORMULA WRITING, FORMULA WEIGHTS, and PERCENT COMPOSITION Date Agenda Homework Wed Dec 3 Thurs Dec 4 Fri Dec 5 Mon Dec 8 Tues Dec 9 Wed Dec 10 (1/2 Day) Thurs Dec 11 Fri Dec 12 Mon Dec
More informationAquaponics: Comparing Walleye & Tilapia Production
Aquaponics: Comparing Walleye & Tilapia Production Chris Hartleb Department of Biology Northern Aquaculture Demonstration Facility Aquaponics Innovation Center Aquaponics Aquaponics is an integrated, soilless
More informationADDITIONAL SCIENCE/CHEMISTRY
Surname Centre Number Candidate Number Other Names 0 GCSE 4472/01 ADDITIONAL SCIENCE/CEMISTRY CEMISTRY 2 FOUNDATION TIER A.M. TURSDAY, 15 May 2014 1 hour For s use Question Maximum Mark Mark Awarded 1.
More informationADDITIONAL SCIENCE/CHEMISTRY
Surname Centre Number Candidate Number Other Names 0 GCSE 4472/01 ADDITIONAL SCIENCE/CEMISTRY CEMISTRY 2 FOUNDATION TIER A.M. TURSDAY, 15 May 2014 1 hour For s use Question Maximum Mark Mark Awarded 1.
More informationWine Grape Production. Quality
Wine Grape Production Cutting Costs, Nutrients and Quality Quality versus Costs Less can mean More Irrigation Nitrogen Crop Growth Factors to Consider Variety/Rootstock Water Source Production System Past
More informationEFFECT OF DIFFERENT BLEND RATIOS OF POLY4 WITH MOP ON THE YIELD AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF RICE IN SICHUAN, CHINA
Sustaining the future. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT BLEND RATIOS OF POLY4 WITH MOP ON THE YIELD AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF RICE IN SICHUAN, CHINA ASA & CSSA Annual Meeting 2018 Enhancing productivity in a changing
More informationWarm Mineral Springs Sampling by Sarasota County
Warm Mineral Springs Sampling by Sarasota County John Ryan, Kathryn Meaux, Rene Janneman and Jon S. Perry Sarasota County Environmental Services Sarasota, Florida September 11 Warm Mineral Springs is a
More informationSoil properties and characteristic in Kuwait for agricultural development
Symposium no. 20 Paper no. 1507 Presentation: poster Soil properties and characteristic in Kuwait for agricultural development ABDAL Mahdi and SULEIMAN Majda Arid Land Agricultural Department, Kuwait Institute
More informationAAS - Atomic Absorption Mono Element ppm Standard Solutions (Spectro ECON)
CL01.0105 CL01.0106 CL01.0107 CL01.0126 CL01.0127 CL01.0135 CL01.0136 CL01.0137 CL01.0138 CL01.0205 CL01.0206 CL01.0207 CL01.0216 Aluminium standard solution (Spectro ECON) 8.948 g AlCl3.6H2O / l H2O Solution
More informationCore Analysis with the Tracer
BRUKER ELEMENTAL Core Analysis with the Tracer Prepared by: Lee Drake, Senior Application Scientist January 23, 2014 BRUKER ELEMENTAL Key Points OBJECTIVE 3 EXPLORATION 3 DECISION MAKING 3 RECLAMATION
More informationElvaX Light for Petrochemical analysis
ElvaX Light for Petrochemical analysis Introduction ElvaX Light is a powerful and productive instrument for analysis of petroleum products, such as automotive fuels (gasoline, diesel), lubricating oil,
More informationSoil Test Laboratory Analysis and Fertilizer Recommendations
Soil Test Laboratory Analysis and Fertilizer Recommendations Len Kryzanowski, P.Ag. Director, Environmental Strategy and Research Environmental Stewardship Branch Alberta Agriculture and Forestry Key Messages
More informationSoil Management and Soil Testing for Irrigated Cotton Production
Cooperative Extension Soil Management and Soil Testing for Irrigated Cotton Production Introduction Whenever we are studying an important crop plant such as cotton, it is a natural tendency to focus on
More informationGROWERS GUIDE. to Soil Health.
GROWERS GUIDE to Soil Health www.arrowseed.com Feed Your Soil One percent organic matter contains about 1,200 pounds of nitrogen, 345 pounds of phosphorus and 150 pounds of sulfur per acre. Dr. Ray Ward,
More informationCERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS REVISED REPORT
Your C.O.C. #: A122303 Attention: STEPHEN LEGAREE EDMONTON 9331 9331-48 Street EDMONTON, AB CANADA T6B 2R4 Report #: R1787645 Version: 2R CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS REVISED REPORT MAXXAM JOB #: B4B4991 Received:
More information