FEASIBILITY OF BALANCING RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY

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1 FEASIBILITY OF BALANCING RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY TROUGH HEAT AND GASBASED STORAGE CHAINS 9th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES 2015) March 11 th 2015 in Düsseldorf Christine Brandstätt with Max Fette, Sabine Meyer and others results of the research project MultiGridStorage 1

2 Agenda electricity storage in gas and heat networks why? how? modelling approach MuGriFlex Scenarios feasibility in different frameworks electricity surcharges gas prices conclusions picture source: faz.net 2

3 Imbalance in Future Electricity Supply sorted load duration curve with high shares of renewables data source: Krzikalla et al more frequent occurrence of surplus with the need to store domination of shortages with the need to release 3

4 Storage Chains analysed in MuGriSto STORAGE 4

5 Storage Chains analysed in MuGriSto 5

6 Modelling with MuGriFlex simulate hourly operation of storage chains over a year according to varying electricity prices and heat demand 6

7 heat capacity [kw] spot price [ct/kwh] Operation Schedule in MuGriFlex heat demand spot sprice 7,00 6,00 5, , , EB GB CHP storage storage 2,00 1,00 0,00 0 1,00 schedule the cheapest supply option while covering heat demand and optimizing storage and ramping 7

8 Plant Parameters component parameter unit value thermal capacity kw th electric boiler COP kw th 0,99 investment cost thermal capacity kw th heat pump COP kw th 2,8 investment cost thermal capacity kw th CHP plant electric capacity kw el investment cost PEM electrolyser thermal capacity kw th efficiency (today / future) % 54 / 70 AL electrolyser thermal capacity kw th efficiency (today / future) % 67 / 70 SO electrolyser thermal capacity kw th efficiency (today / future) % 77 / 77 gas boiler thermal capacity kw th heat store thermal capacity kwh th investment cost district heating grid heat demand MWh th /a peak heat demand kw th mediumsize district heating grid with CHP plant and gas boiler addition of complementing electric boiler/heat pump or electrolyser 8

9 spot price [ /MWh] Spot Prices Sceanrios future more extreme prices in the future 9

10 payback time [a] utilization hours [h/a] Feasibility linked to Electricity Surcharges heat chains in EB +HP CHP EB HP (2.000) (4.000) (6.000) (8.000) CHP (+EB) (+HP) electricity surcharges [ct/kwh] 5 0 utilization and system payback of CHP decreases in combination with electric boiler or heat pump 10

11 payback time [a] utilization hours [h/a] Feasibility linked to Electricity Surcharges heat chains in the future scenario CHP (2.000) (4.000) (6.000) CHP 5 (8.000) electricity surcharges [ct/kwh] more utilization hours for electric boiler and heat pump utilization of CHP and system payback less favorable 0 11

12 utilization hours [h/a] payback time [a] Feasibility linked to Electricity Surcharges gas chains (SOE) in2012 and the future scenario future future electricity surcharges [ct/kwh] gas chains not feasible in current or future scenario feasibility is achieved with subsidies but comes with high utilization 12

13 payback time [a] utilization hours [h/a] Feasibility linked to Gas Price heat chains in CHP HP (2.000) EB CHP (+EB) (4.000) CHP +HP 10 (6.000) 5 (8.000) gas price [ct/kwh] utilization and system payback of gas boiler / CHP worsen heat pump becomes feasible with high gas prices 0 13

14 payback time [a] utilization hours [h/a] Feasibility linked to Gas Price heat chains in the future scenario CHP HP 25 (2.000) EB (4.000) (6.000) CHP (+EB) CHP +HP 10 5 (8.000) gas price [ct/kwh] similar utilization and system payback Higher feasibility for moderate gas price increase 0 14

15 payback time [a] utilization hours [h/a] Feasibility linked to Gas Price gas chains (SOE) in 2012 and the future scenario future (2.000) (4.000) (6.000) future (8.000) gas price [ct/kwh] utilization and system payback improve for high gas prices feasibility is only reached for very high gas prices 15

16 Conclusions only few storage chains economically feasible under present conditions favourable conditions need to be created actively (and will not occur by default in the future) stronger price spread (and lower investment cost) not sufficient other influence factors such as surcharges or gas prices weigh stronger favourable conditions need to be designed carefully subsidies or decreased surcharges increase utilisation of P2H and P2G yet utilization of the CHP plant may suffer so much from the alternative heat supply that overall payback reduces yet too high P2G and P2H utilization hours may subvert the system benefit of electricity conversion during times of renewable surplus 16

17 THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND ATTENTION. Please, feel free to ask questions. Christine Brandstätt M.Sc. Fraunhofer IFAM Energy Systems Analysis +49 (0)

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