High V. LO-City Project Monitoring, integration and evaluation of impacts

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1 High V. LO-City Project Monitoring, integration and evaluation of impacts Cristina Carnevali DITEN - University of Genoa 1

2 Contents Overview of data collection Monitoring the sites performances Antwerp (DeLijn) Aberdeen (First) Next Step and conclusion

3 Overview of data collection

4 Monitored units HPU Hydrogen Production Unit HRU Hydrogen Refuelling Unit FCB Fuel Cell Bus

5 Data from HPU/HRU (1) HPU/HRU Partners collect data in Excel files and send them via DITEN

6 Data from HPU/HRU (2) Information required: HPU electric energy consumption hydrogen production water consumption failure/maintenance information HRU time to refill total amount of hydrogen dispensed to each bus electric energy consumption failure/maintenance information

7 Data from CAN bus (FCB) FCB Data are collected on board from CAN bus and registered on SD card PTO Data on SD card are uploaded on VH server by the PTOs PTO Public Transport Operators VH Van Hool VAN HOOL server DITEN downloads the files from the VH server DITEN DITEN elaboration

8 Data from PTOs and VH PTOs VH After Sales Office Partners collect data in Excel files and subsequently send them to DITEN via DITEN (Type of service and failures/maintenance operations)

9 Data collection methodology It is identified as failure with effects on the technical availability a malfunction that NOT ALLOWS the regular service of the bus and repair requires more than 2 hours The Excel file also contains the following information: Name of the unique representative person with the role to collect the data Information to identify the failure (Fuel cell, Power train, Electronics components, doors/windows/tyres, etc.) Effects on technical availability (yes, no) Information to identify who has repaired the bus (VH, PTOs technicians)

10 ANTWERP

11 Antwerp - FCB

12 Antwerp - Total distance covered by the fleet Total distance covered in 2015: 50,393 km Total distance covered in 2016: 56,127 km TOTAL DISTANCE COVERED by the fleet: 106,520 km (bus n no Monthly expectation: 17,500 km (based on ex-ante evaluation of 3500 km x bus)

13 Antwerp FCB efficiency Average efficiency for each bus Efficiency [kgh2/100km] EXPECTATION Average fleet efficiency in 2015: 8,36 kgh 2 /100km Average fleet efficiency in 2016: 9,77 kgh 2 /100km Maximum consumption accepted: 9 kg H 2 /100km

14 ANTWERP FCB Technical availability Technical availability in 2016: 96,6% ,953 0,912 0,986 0,995 0,984

15 [KG/YEAR] ANTWERP - Pollution saving with FCBs Total amount of saved pollution from 01/01/2016 to 31/12/ Pollution Reduction ,14 CO2 CO HC NOx PM EURO III EURO VI

16 ANTWERP TCO Total Cost of Ownership The table below shows the total costs sustained by DeLijn up to 31/12/2016 Fixed costs FCB cost 6.5 M (1.3 M for bus) Training cost for drivers and technicians Included in bus tender costs Depot adaptation 0 Minimal adaptation at the moment Spare parts Maintenance contract with VH Maintenance/failure costs 0 M Variable costs Hydrogen costs for regular service 127,688 Current cost of 1kg of H 2 11,0 /kg Maintenance and failure costs During the first two years of the project, the public transport operator does not have to sustain extra TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) for maintenance or failure, because the buses are under warranty.

17 ABERDEEN

18 Aberdeen- FCB

19 Aberdeen - Total distance covered by the fleet Total distance covered in 2015: 95,543 km Total distance covered in 2016: 128,024 km TOTAL DISTANCE COVERED by the fleet: 223,567 km Monthly expectation: 14,800 km (based on ex-ante evaluation of 3,700 km x bus)

20 Aberdeen FCB Efficiency Average efficiency for each bus Efficiency [kgh2/100km] EXPECTATION Average fleet efficiency in 2015: 9,63 kgh 2 /100km Average fleet efficiency in 2016: 10,98 kgh 2 /100km Maximum consumption accepted: 9 kg H 2 /100km

21 Aberdeen FCB Technical availability Technical availability in 2016: 90,9% ,940 0,899 0,929 0,868

22 [KG/YEAR] ABERDEEN - Pollution saving with FCBs Total amount of saved pollution from 01/01/2016 to 31/12/ Pollution Reduction CO2 CO HC NOx PM EURO III EURO VI

23 ABERDEEN TCO Total Cost of Ownership The table below show the total costs sustained by First up to 31/05/2016. Update in progress. Fixed costs Variable costs FCB cost 5.2 M (1.3 M for bus) Training cost for technicians /h Training cost for drivers 10.5 /h Depot adaptation 10,500 Spare parts Maintenance contract with VH Maintenance/failure costs 0 Hydrogen costs for PTO ( ) Total hydrogen consumption 19,374 kg Equivalent Hydrogen Price for PTO /kg (data to be confirmed) Hydrogen price for ACC 2.25 /kg (data to be confirmed) The PTO pays an Equivalent Hydrogen Price (EHP) calculated as follows: EHP = AxB [ /km] A = Firsts actual gross price of diesel in UK including tax (fixed until April16) B = Diesel efficiency of 0.37 litre/km

24 Sanremo & Groningen Data collection methodology will be applied to next coming sites: Sanremo (Riviera Trasporti AirLiquide) GrÖningen (Qbuzz)

25 Sanremo HPU/HRU station site Fleet circulation is locked because HPU/HRU station is still under construction. It will be available soon.

26 Groningen Van Hool A360 FC in Groningen The regular service is not yet started. The test phase for data collection protocol is in progress.

27 CONCLUSION Distance covered Techical Availability Fuel consumption Antwerp Aberdeen Sanremo NO SERVICE YET Groningen NO SERVICE YET Target fully achieved Target achieved but more information are necessary Target partially achieved Target not achieved 3/30/2017

28 CONCLUSION ANTWERP Technical availability: project target of 90% achieved. Total distance covered: still below the target, but it is growing fast. Fuel consumption: slightly exceeds the project target and corrective actions have been identified. A further monitoring is required. ABERDEEN Technical availability: project target of 90% achieved. Total distance covered: near to the expectation due to an high utilization. Fuel consumption still exceeds the project target. Further monitoring and corrective action are required. 3/30/2017

29 WP4.3 Local surveys' results on running services 29

D4.3.1 Methodology and sites The sample selection has

Area: 184,5 km² Population: 196,670 SANREMO Area: 55,96

o Population: 117,377 Gent o Area: 156,18 km² o

30 D4.3.1 Methodology and sites The sample selection has been made adopting the simple random sampling ABERDEEN Area: 184,5 km² Population: 196,670 SANREMO Area: 55,96 km² Population: 55,058 BELGIUM Brugge o Area: 138,4 km² o Population: 117,377 Gent o Area: 156,18 km² o Population: 251,133 Leuven o Area: 56,63 km² o Population: 92,704

31 The questionnaires (1) ABERDEEN and SANREMO Sample: all people in Aberdeen Sample: near the bus stop The survey investigates: 1. How important is the public transport for people 2. Knowledge level - how people received information, how they want to receive update in the future 3. How to incentive the public transport Sample: bus user ANTWERP The survey investigates: 1. Type of ticket used by travelers 2. How green technologies are important for people 3. Perception of hybrid technology

32 The questionnaires (2) ANTWERP 542 questionnaires in three different areas (Gent, Brugge, Leuven) from 4/06/2009 to 17/06/2009 o 49 % (<= 24 years old) o 21 % (25 44 years old) o 17 % (45 64 years old) o 14 % (65 + years old) ABERDEEN 637 on voice questionnaires and 279 web questionnaires SANREMO 107 questionnaires from 05/06/2016 to 20/06/2016 o 36 % (16 34 years old) o 33 % (35 54 years old) o 21 % (55 64 years old) o 11 % (65 + years old)

33 ABERDEEN and SANREMO (1) 3. Thinking in particular of buses, what would motivate you to start using buses more often? ABERDEEN Better route options 51.8% Greater frequency 53.5% Usse of less polluting engines 13.3% More space for bags, prams, wheelchairs, etc 6.0% Lower fares 55.8% Quieter enginee noise 6.3% More confortable seating 13.4% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% On both cities, Aberdeen and Sanremo, are very important «Greater frequency» ACC 53.5% RT 55.2 % «Better route options» ACC 51.8% RT 33.3 % SANREMO Better route options Greater frequency Use of less polluting engines More space for bags, prams, wheelchairs, ect. Lower fares Quieter engine noise More comfortable seating 6.9% 3.4% 11.5% 23.0% 33.3% 31.0% 55.2% In Aberdeen the other most important choice is: «Lower fares» 55.8% while in Sanremo is: «More comfortable seating» 31.0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

34 ABERDEEN and SANREMO (2) 4. What type of communication have you seen or heard about the introduction of hydrogen powered buses? Other None Seen at an event Council publication 6.6% 7.9% 6.0% ABERDEEN 38.4% ABERDEEN (Q5/Q6) 36.5% thinks has been adequately informed Leaflet through door Radio/TV coverage Other website Council website Newspaper 1.1% 3.2% 10.6% 17.2% 40.9% 53.0% want to receive new information via newspaper 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% SANREMO Other (please specify) 2.30% Event/conference 0.00% Leaflet 0.00% Radio/TV coverage 8.05% Other website 1.15% Riviera Trasporti website 4.60% Regione Liguria website 3.45% Newspaper 50.57% None 35.63% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% SANREMO (Q5/Q6) 23.3% thinks has been adequately informed 49.4% want to receive new information via newspaper

35 ABERDEEN and SANREMO (3) 7. What information about the introduction of hydrogen powered buses into the City would you like to know more about? ABERDEEN The route(s) the buses be running on 68.4% The benefits the buses will deliver for the city and citizen 54.6% SANREMO The route(s) the buses be running on 44.8% The benefits the buses will deliver for the city and citizen 29.9% 9. Thinking of hydrogen powered buses in particular, when they begin operations, will you be willing to use them? ABERDEEN 80.7% Will use the hydrogen buses SANREMO 94.2% Will use the hydrogen buses

36 ANTWERP (1) 1. How important is it that De Lijn invests in green buses? ANTWERP very important 63% important 32% rathet important 5% ranther unimportant 1% unimportant 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% For the interviewed people is important invest in green buses: 95%

37 ANTWERP (2) 2. What is your impression about these green hybrid buses? ANTWERP very positive 68% positive 30% rather positive 2% rather negative 0% very negative 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% The interviewed people have had a positive impression after the use of hydrid buses: 98%

38 In general, in the three questionnaires, it is possible to observe a positive tendency towards innovative and environmental friendly technologies

39 FUTURE TASK 1. Ex Ante survey is going to start in Gröningen 2. Before the end of 2017: Ongoing survey in Aberdeen and Antwerp 3. Stakeholders survey is being scheduled in all sites

40 Lessons learnt 1. Close collaboration among Partners and timely exchange of data, information and expectations are essential to identify problems and find possible corrective actions 2. Effective communication campaign towards citizens, to gain acceptance and appreciation of the territory 3. Strong involvement of Public Entities, to promote and support 4. Broad involvement of public bodies, to promote and support (even economically) the PTOs, because the production cost of hydrogen is still high

41 Thank you for your attention

3 Publishable summary

3 Publishable summary 3.1 Summarized objectives As concluded from former FC bus projects is the breakthrough of FC Bus technology in public transport hampered by high FCB and HRS costs. These costs can