Pavement Management Systems

Transcription

1 Pavement Management Systems Johan Lang

2 Pavement Management Systems - PMS Value for money

3 PMS Objectives Optimal Pavement Management based on socio-economic considerations 3

4 BENEFITS OF PMS A base to show the needs of funds now and in the future as well as the consequences of lack in funds Allocation of funds based on facts Use of funds to get the best result possible and be able to show it Feed-back of pavement performance An uniform and objective picture of pavement condition 4

5 PMS - Pavement Management Systems Planning pavement maintenance and rehabilitation activities A tool for the pavement engineer to decide WHERE WHEN HOW an action will be done 5

6 Asset Management System Pavement Management System Bridge Management System Road Furniture Management System Pavement Management Systems is a component in Asset Management Systems Asset Management System Tunnel Management System Etc. Winter Management System

7 Old poor road

8 Sweden Poor road stops the school bus

9 Federal highway in Russia Russia

10 Russia

11 England Repaired pothole

12 Poor roads USA Cameroon India

13 Good roads Morocco Congo Mali Tanzania

14 Good roads Canada Chile USA Serbia

15 Good roads New Zealand Spain Sweden Sweden

16 A pavements life cycle

17 Roads for the users

18 Pavements for the road users Fuel Comfort Road Safety Noice Internal External Tire Vehicle operating costs Particles PM10 PM2.5l Repair Emission CO2 Travel time Access

19 A pavements life cycle

20 Road User Cost Road Condition Road Agency Cost Pavement Life Cycle Cost Year År 20

21 Cost per year Optimizing Total cost Minimum cost Road user cost Road administrator cost Time 21

22 Pavement Management Systems is multidiciplinary Technomy Highway engineering Geotechnical engineering Structural engineering Mechanical engineering Business economics Socio economics IT Logistics Measurements etc

23 Percentage of network PMS - Overview PMS Components Road condition Longitudinal unevenness Transversal unevenness Budget needs Road Inventory Database Evaluation models Condition monitoring Change in roughness Percentage IRI > 5mm/m 14% Project identification Pavement information Follow-up contracts 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 11% Year < 2000 AADT > 2000 AADT 23

24 Network level - Overview GOVERNMENT ROAD ADMINISTRATION REGION 1 REGION 2 REHABILITATION MAINTENANCE REGION 3 REGION XX

25 Network to project level Network - identification of projects PRIORITY 1 ROAD ADMINISTRATION PROJECT 1 PRIORITY 2 PRIORITY 3 PROJECT 2 PROJECT 3 PROJECT NN

26 PMS - Project Level Detailed analysis of individual projects

27 Network level Network to project Project level 27

28 Percentage of network PMS - Overview PMS Components Road condition Longitudinal unevenness Transversal unevenness Budget needs Road Inventory Database Evaluation models Condition monitoring Change in roughness Percentage IRI > 5mm/m 14% Project identification Pavement information Follow-up contracts 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 11% Year < 2000 AADT > 2000 AADT 28

29 Need of information Road user demands Road surface requirements Structural requirements Pavement layer requirements Material requirements Fast and automated methods Fast and automated methods? Visual inspections Slow, traffic disturbing measurements 29

30 Severity and extension of different damages are registered Visual inspection

31 Unevenness Roughness - Smoothness

32 Local uneveness or bumps 32

33 Rut depth Wear of studded tires Plastic deformation Structural deformation

34 Poor surface drainage

35 Macrotexture 35

36 Cracking

37 Cracks 37

38 Frost dependent cracks

39 Edge cracking

40 Poor drainage Water plants in the ditches Stagnant water in the ditches Eroded soil is filling the ditches

41 Pot hole 41

42 Bleeding asphalt

43 Ravelling Surface dressing where stones get loose

44 Patching and local repair 44

45 Percentage of network PMS - Overview PMS Components Road condition Longitudinal unevenness Transversal unevenness Budget needs Road Inventory Database Evaluation models Condition monitoring Change in roughness Percentage IRI > 5mm/m 14% Project identification Pavement information Follow-up contracts 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 11% Year < 2000 AADT > 2000 AADT 45

46 Automated measurements

47 Measurement equipment 47

48 Measurement quality Repeatability Measure again and get the same results. Validity Measure what is intended to measure

49 Visual inspection by using images Inspection of damages Measurement in stereo images

50 Automated measurements

51 Condition data Rut depth (1987) Unevenness IRI (1987) Cross fall, curvature, hilliness (1991) Cross profile Texture (2005) Edge deformation (2002) Longitudinal profile Cracks (not yet) Pictures

52 Km Measured road lane length

53 Computer Accelometer Speed/distance Inertial reference Laser height sensors 53

54 Profile measurements Accelerometers Inklinometer Height sensora (laser) 54

55 Principle - Height Measurement 64 khz and 90 km/h gives a measurement every 0.39 mm 55

56 Computer Accelometer Speed/distance Inertial reference Laser height sensors 56

57 IRI International Roughness Index 57

58 Measurement of three longitudinal profiles Development of full-car model Intepretation of vibration (ISO2631 and EU directive 2002/44/EG) α 58

59 Types of evenness Macrotexture Microtexture Megatexture Evenness 0.5 mm 5 mm 50 mm 0.5 m 5 m 50 m Wavelength 59

60 Macrotextur-Mean Profile Depth Beräkning av makrotextur från profil MPD Peak1 Peak 2 2 average ETD= MPD 100 mm 60

61 Modern profilometers can give a detailed 3D map of the road surface

62 Modern laser scanning equipment can give a 3D image of the road and surroundings

63 Collection of images Collection of high resolution images in traffic speed Processing at the office

64 Stereo images

65 360-pictures

66 Visual inspection by using images Inspection of damages Measurement in stereo images

67 Laser scanning

68 Falling Weight Deflectometer - FWD 50 kn 90 cm 45 cm 20 cm Bearing Capacity D0 D20 D45 D90

69 Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Measuring thicknesses of pavement layers. Different antennas for different depth

70 Percentage of network PMS - Overview PMS Components Road condition Longitudinal unevenness Transversal unevenness Budget needs Road Inventory Database Evaluation models Condition monitoring Change in roughness Percentage IRI > 5mm/m 14% Project identification Pavement information Follow-up contracts 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 11% Year < 2000 AADT > 2000 AADT 70

71 Road condition Longitudinal unevenness Transversal unevenness Coordinates x, y, z Road Inventory 71 Pavement information Link Node

72 Traffic numbers are collected in the "Traffic Measurement System" Number of vehicles Number of axles Vehicle type Based on traffic measurements Equivalent Standard Axle Loads is calculated

73 Example of output from the maintenance treatment database

74 The maintenance treatment database covers a long period

75 Livslängd (år) Expected durability >12000 Trafik 75

76 Percentage of network PMS - Overview PMS Components Road condition Longitudinal unevenness Transversal unevenness Budget needs Road Inventory Database Evaluation models Condition monitoring Change in roughness Percentage IRI > 5mm/m 14% Project identification Pavement information Follow-up contracts 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 11% Year < 2000 AADT > 2000 AADT 76

77 PMS - Pavement Management Systems Planning pavement maintenance and rehabilitation activities A tool for the pavement engineer to decide WHERE WHEN HOW an action will be done 77

78 Who are the users? Primary users Performs analysis and produce outputs from the system (measurements, data storage, analysis, further development) Skilled engineers Secondary users Uses the results of the system Managers 78

79 PMS is a Decision Support System 79

80 Benefits Users Systems Evaluation Data collection and storage Road Data Bank 80

81 Percentage of network PMS - Overview PMS Components Road condition Longitudinal unevenness Transversal unevenness Budget needs Road Inventory Database Evaluation models Condition monitoring Change in roughness Percentage IRI > 5mm/m 14% Project identification Pavement information Follow-up contracts 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 11% Year < 2000 AADT > 2000 AADT 81

82 82

83 Output example from the New Swedish PMS

84 Output example from the New Swedish PMS

85 Output example from the New Swedish PMS

86 Output index

87 Output index

88 VÄGVERKET PMS , Road Surface Condition Dalarnas län, Väg: Sträcka: , Körfält: 10, Riktning: Framåt, Sida för vägdata: 1 Vägversion: Vägbredd(m) Trafik(ÅDT) Tung traf(ådt) Bel.lager 1 0Y1B ABS HABS1293 Bel.lager 2 16MABT1280 0ABT1698 1) 0MABT1292 Bel.lager 3 24MABT HABT1287 2) 3) 28HABT1286 1)32MABT1285,2)24MABT1279,3)32MABT1285, Spårdjup (mm) Ojämnhet IRI(mm/m) Best1 88

89 Example PMS planning module Road graph

90 90

91 91

92 IRI (mm/m) Change in condition 4 3,5 y = 0,0741x + 1,5298 R 2 = 0, ,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 610 vehicles/day 90 trucks/day 3055 m 7.0 m 90 km/h Age

93 Measured rut depth The decrease is larger than 9 mm =heavy action New overlay 5 Predicted rut depth AADT mm Not reported fictive action 93

94 Measured rut depth Predicted rut depth AADT New overlays AC Stone mastic asphalt Stone mastic asphalt 94

95 Maintenance standard IRI Trafik (fordon/dygn) Skyltad hastighet (km/h) ,3 4,7 5,2 5,9 6,7 6,7 6, ,0 4,4 4,9 5,5 6,3 6,3 6, ,7 4,1 4,5 5,1 5,8 5,8 5, ,0 3,3 3,7 4,2 4,8 5,2 5, ,4 2,6 2,9 3,2 3,6 4,1 4,9 4, ,4 2,6 2,9 3,2 3,6 4,1 4,9 4,9 >8000 2,4 2,6 2,9 3,2 3,6 4,1 4,9 4,9

96 Maintenance standard rut depth Trafik (fordon/dygn) Skyltad hastighet (km/h) ,0 18,0 24,0 24,0 30,0 30,0 30, ,0 18,0 22,0 22,0 27,0 27,0 27, ,0 18,0 20,0 20,0 24,0 24,0 24, ,0 16,0 17,0 18,0 20,0 21,0 21, ,0 13,0 14,0 14,0 16,0 16,0 18,0 18, ,0 13,0 14,0 14,0 16,0 16,0 18,0 18,0 > ,0 13,0 14,0 14,0 16,0 16,0 18,0 18,0

97 IRI (mm/m) Maintenance effect 4 3,5 3 y = 0,0957x + 2,087 R 2 = 0,7381 y = 0,098x + 0,2498 R 2 = 0,9156 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 40 mm Hot Mix 1996 Maintenance 670 vehicles/day 90 trucks/day 1163 m 7.0 m 90 km/h Age

98 Predicted unevenness before maintenance

99 Predicted rut depth before maintenance

100 Yearly change in condition

101 How much can different types of maintenance improve the surface condition? CM=Cold Mix HM=Hot Mix SC=Seal Coat SD=Surface Dressing SHM=Semi- Hot Mix P=Preparatory work Ratio IRI after /IRI before vehicles/day 101

102 Pavements for the road users Fuel Comfort Road Safety Noice Internal External Tire Vehicle operating costs Particles PM10 PM2.5l Repair Emission CO2 Travel time Access

103 Condition Evenness Rut depth Friction Texture Cross fall etc. Effects Environment Safety Health Comfort Speed Vehicle Valuation Cost Environment Safety Health Comfort Speed Vehicle 103

104 Speed Safety Comfort Vehicle damage Tyre wear Fuel consumption Choice of road Transport damage Noice Pollution Longevity Winter maintenance Influence Big Fair Low None Rut Depth Rut shape 2? Roughness Megatexture Macrotexture Microtexture Friction Retroreflection Crossfall Water permeability Bearing Capicity Stiffness

105 Material- and construction properties Friction Rolling resistance Tyre wear Noise and sound information Vibration Krängningar Surface dewatering Retroreflection Water depth Ice on the road Snow on the road Importance Large Fair Primary functional properties Secondary functional properties Microtexture Macrotexture Megatexture Roughness Crossfall Edge drop + Alignment + + Rut depth Rut shape Water permeability Stiffness + 105

106 IRI vs Speed - Trucks 106

107 Fuel consumption 107

108 Tyre wear 108

109 Parts consumption vs. evenness 109

110 Capital value vs. evenness 110

111 Comfort Profile measurement QC-model IRI Panel rating Vibration measurement ISO 2631 Speed 70 km/h Passenger car 111

112 Comfort IRI Profile measurement Panel rating 1 Very poor 2 Poor 3 Fair 4 Good 5 Very good 112

113 Comfort Profile measurement QC-model IRI Panel rating Vibration measurement Profile measurement Vibration 113

114 Rating Bedömning (skala 1-5) Comfort IRI vs. Panel rating 5 4,5 4 3,5 3 2,5 y = -0,3162x + 4,0667 R 2 = 0,786 2 y = -1,3275Ln(x) + 4,2543 R 2 = 0,9034 1, IRI (mm/m) 114

115 Summary road user opinion survey 80 Road user opinion, main roads, unsatisfied % Winter: 2000,2002, Car ruts Car roughness Car markings Car ice Truck ruts Truck roughness Truck markings Truck ice

116 Road user requirements on road condition Five reports (in swedish, summary in english) 1. Literature review Many countries are making road user opinion studies but few have find a good connection between rod user opinion and condition measurements 2. Focusgroup discussions Surface drainage is important Important condition variables: rut depth, potholes, patches, roughness and cracks Critical condition: If a driver must react to avoid a damage eg a pothole Truckdrivers don t like narrow road with weak edges Good understanding of shortage of money 3. Questionnarie 4. Driving simulator 5. Summary

117 Driving simulator study Road with water filled ruts Variation in image, vibration and noise Questions about experienced safety and comfort Clear indicator of poor safety at waterfilled ruts Speed reduction

118 RR aver. Rolling restistance vs. texture 0,018 0,016 y = 0,0028x + 0,0098 R 2 = 0,7599 0,014 0,012 0,010 0, MPD 118

119 Old road after maintenance 119

120 Old road in need of maintenance 120

121 Percentage of network PMS - Overview PMS Components Road condition Longitudinal unevenness Transversal unevenness Budget needs Road Inventory Database Evaluation models Condition monitoring Change in roughness Percentage IRI > 5mm/m 14% Project identification Pavement information Follow-up contracts 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 11% Year < 2000 AADT > 2000 AADT 121

122 Benefits Users Systems Evaluation Data collection and storage Road Data Bank 122

123 HDM-4 Highway Development and Management HDM-III Highway Design and Maintenance Standards Model HDM-4 Highway Development and Management First developed by the World Bank Today managed by PIARC (The World Road Association)

124 HDM-4 Highway Development and Management

125 Resultat NPV/Cost= (UCbase- UCalt-(ACalt-ACbase)/ (ACalt-ACbase)

126 Resultat