PKS Waste- to- Energy

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3 1 st. Generation (Land fill) Rising water/air/land pollution nearby landfill site Problem securing landfill site Tues destruction of resources 2 nd. Generation (Incineration) Rising serious air pollution(dioxin, etc.) Discarding useful resource(high caloric value combustibles) Tues destruction of resources Nowadays : MSW MBT RDF Power Plant (Pyrolysis & gasification Combustion Plant System). 3 rd. Generation (Resource Recycling) Minimizing air pollutants Establishing developed waste management system Recovery valuable profit from waste

4 planning to produce electricity PKS in Korea. PKS local supply and procurement issues should smoothly? In optimal conditions, the local power generation system, it is best to envision. Fortunately, the Malaysian government PKS power production in the basic plan will do our best buchang

5 1) Capacity (consumption) : 163tons/day Combustion value : 3.4ton/hr Combustor Unit : 2system ** Electricity Generation : 5MWH 2) Capacity (consumption) : 326tons/day Combustion value : 3.4ton/hr Combustor Unit : 4system ** Electricity Generation : 10MWH

6 Report of Analysis (Palm Kernel Shell)

7 Outline of Technical Proposal No Plam Kernel Shell (WTE/D) Input of PKS (kg/h) PKS Calorie Value Kcal/kg Heating Value (kcal/hr) Steam Production Value(ton/hr) System Volume (Q ) Capacity of Power (MWH) Total Capacity of Power (MWH) 1 163WTE 3,400 4,400 14,960, x WTE 3,400 4,400 14,960, ,64 x ** 1) Steam Calorie : 650,000kcal/ton (Feeding Water: 80 ) 2) Combustion Boiler Efficiency : 85% 3) power generating efficiency per calorie : 27% (Possible to increase capacity max. up to 50%, depending on Steam Turbine s efficuency) 4) Steam Turbine efficiency : 85% 5) Need Heating Value of 1KW: 857kcal/KW 6) Possible to improve the calorie in accordance with PKS ingredients. 7) The actual generation of the power factor : 66%

8 1. PKS/ day = 163ton/day (3.4 ton/hr x 2Unit = 6.8ton/hr) 1-1. BUCHANG Tornado Combustor Integral Pyrolysis Gasification Combustion Boiler System 1Unit A. PKS Capacity : 14,960,000 kcal/h ( PKG CV : 4,400kcal/kg ) B. Steam Capacity : 23 ton/h Note 1) Steam Calorie : 650,000kcal/ton (Feeding Water : 80 ) 2) Combustion Boiler Efficiency : 85% 1-2. Power Production Facility : 2.64MWH 2.64MW x 2Unit = 5.28MWH 5.28MW x 24hr/day =127MWH 127MWH x 330day/year = 41,910MWY Note 1) power generating efficiency per calorie : 27% 2) Steam Turbine efficiency : 66%

9 2. PKS/ day : 326 ton/day (3.4ton/hr x 4unit =13.6tom/hr) 2-1. BUCHANG Tornado Combustor Integral Pyrolysis Gasification Combustion Boiler System 1Unit A. PKS Capacity : 14,960,000 kcal/h ( PKG CV : 4,400kcal/kg ) B. Steam Capacity : 23 ton/h Note 1) Steam Calorie : 650,000kcal/ton (Feeding Water : 80 ) 2) Combustion Boiler Efficiency : 85% 2-2. Power Production Facility : 2.64MWH 2.64MW x 4Unit = 10.56MWH 10.56MW x 24hr/day = 254MWH 254MWH x 330day/year = 83,820MWY Note 1) power generating efficiency per calorie : 27% 2) Steam Turbine efficiency : 66%

10 Gasification Process Complete combustion, harmlessness, excellent energy collection Electricity and heat collection. Producing chemical fuel. Incineration Floor Material : Landfill or using for construction material Arsenic: Landfill Keep temperature up to 850 o C to restraint dioxin. Waste gas purification and air collection Limitation of producing energy Incineration Material Dioxin Energy Gasification Slag Process : Harmlessness Recycling for construction material, no landfill needed o C Complete decomposition Retraining dioxin restoration Producing clean fuel (CO, H 2 ) Efficiency from cogeneration Producing chemical fuel and fuel cell raw material Pure waste treatment concept Recycling and clean energy

11 Concept of Pyrolysis & gasification Combustor High Temperature Clean gas Tornado Emission to air Bottom ash

12 BUCHANG Tornado Combustor Integral Pyrolysis Gasification Combustion Boiler Generating of Steam & Electricity Plant & House High Pressure Steam Steam Turbine Generator Electricity Production Tornado Fire Combustion Moving Cyclone Collector ONE BODY BOILER SDR Bag-Filter Pyrolysis Gasification Moving Tornado Fire I.D Fan Steam Turbine Generator P/G Combustion Stack Cooling Water Storage Buchang Tornado Combustor is all SRF burning at the bottom of the SRF Molding Type and SRF non-molding Type and committed or freely variable control. Satisfy both environmental regulation, and no auxiliary fuel is not used at all. Around to rotate by the pyrolysis / gasification process occurs with very high temperatures and has excellent steam production is excellent and Electric Power Production.

13 BUCHANG Tornado Combustion Integral Pyrolysis & Gasification Combustor Steam turbine-generator 2.64MWH : 82ton/hr x 2 units systems Steam turbine-generator Steam Steam (2 Units) Installation Block diagram in parallel

14 BUCHANG Tornado Combustion Integral Pyrolysis & Gasification Combustor 2.64MWH : 82ton/hr x 4 units systems Steam turbine-generator Steam turbine-generator Steam turbine-generator Steam turbine-generator Steam Steam Steam Steam (4 Units) Installation Block diagram in parallel

15 BUCHANG Tornado Combustor Integral Pyrolysis Gasification Combustion Boiler Basic Plane 1PKS feed hopper quantitative 2 pyrolysis / gasification combustion equipment 3Integral steam boiler 4 Economizer 5Caustic soda tank 6element collector tank 7 Cyclone 8semi-dry reactor 9Bag Fillet 10 combustion air blower 11I.D Fan 12 Stack combustion flue blower13 Combustor Cooling Water Tank 14 Boiler Feed Water Tank

16 Existing technologies (incineration), and the differentiation and applicability Incineration of municipal waste directly to the nature of the fuel is Melting occurs incinerator on the floor or the wall is formed in the periodic downtime and requires frequent maintenance. At the same time as continuing outages are a lot of issues with the durability of the system. - buchang held by pyrolysis / gasification technology on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, air-cooled and water-cooled walls and at the bottom is designed to rotate Rotate the large-scale formation of Lancashire or not, pyrolysis / gasification combined with the integration of the endothermic reaction two kinds the purpose of the application will use. - The one unburned pyrolysis gas combustion air is supplied from the inner wall of the combustion chamber and the heat sink half Upon complete combustion, when applied to a gas boiler system to produce electricity and steam, - Another thermal cooling and downstream purification of the gas into synthesis gas through the system to switch When applied to open the engine to produce electricity is the way. Rotary Rotate Grate - Thus, in the possession of buchang If you use this technique, immediately forming, non-plastic waste resources when applied to solid fuel-to-energy projects can proceed very quickly.

17 PKS Waste-to-Energy BUCHANG Tornado Combustor Waste-to-energy power generation system resources, the basic design layout Electric Production Area Pyrolysis/Gasification Onebody Combuction Boiler System Area SRF Storage Pit SRF Input Area Buchang Tornado Combustor Pyrolysis/Gasification Onebody Combustion Boiler Capacity : 2.64MWH - 4system Arranging System Buchang Tornado Combustor Waste-to-energy power generation system resources, the basic design layout

18 Income BUCHANG Outgoing Items Disposal Treatment -PKS (ton/day) Date of operating (d/yr) Incoming/ton Cost of Equipment Incomes/ 15yrs 1 Sales electricity 163/ MWh $ 11,636,363 $ Operating &Maintenance ** Based on? cent$/kwh for electricity / efficiency 80%?% of total investment $ $ Interest?% of total investment/? months $ 2 Sub-total $ ** Combustor + Generator + Interest Investment Accumulate Profit 3 Combustor & Generator (Estimated) = 1 - (2+3) $ $ 1. Investment (approx) : US 1,636, Interest Rate :?% per year (optional) ( Except the cost of Civil engineering and construction) 5. Local content Steam Engine, after equipments 2. Selling Price : US? per Kw Subsidiary facilities. 3. Payback Period :? years (? months) 6. It will be changed depend on the any condition.

19 Contaminants Emission Standard (O 2 12%) Guarantee Value Preventive Facility to Exhaust Gas Outlet Temperature ( ) and less Dust (mg/nm 3 ) and less Tornado Inertia in the Boiler, Centrifugal Cyclone, Bag Filter, Absorption Tower CO (ppm) and less Two Level High temperature Combustion SO2(ppm) and less Two Level High temperature Combustion Air-Cooled SDR, Bag Filter NO2(ppm) and less SNCR Urea Solution Injection in the Boiler HCl(ppm) and less Outlet Absorbent injection water, SDR Absorption Counteragent, Bag Filter Pollutants (degree) 2 and less 2 and less 2 Level High temperature Combustion Dioxin(ng/Nm 3 ) and less 2 Level High temperature Combustion SDR Absorbent, Bag Filter Absorbent

20 BUCHANG Pyrolysis Gasification Combustion Boiler System consists of Combustion Chamber and rotating grate which is formed of conical shaped with outer peripheral track like step and set up on the bottom of Combustion Chamber. And the combustion facility is equipped to burn Solid fuel, PKS and RDF. etc Vertical screw conveyer is installed to the top of that grate, throughout the bottom of Combustion chamber and passed inside of rotating grate. This conveyer supplies solid fuel, RDF from ground of chamber to the outer track of rotating grate. Equipped several pipes are arranged along the upper wall of the chamber and the wall of exhaust port extended to this chamber. They are formed of the flow-path of fluid. Also prepare heat recovery steam boiler as an integral system to absorb and recover heat of exhaust port and top of the chamber. Using heat recovery steam boiler, it improves efficiency of heat energy to collect heat radiated from chamber and exhaust port. Rotating grate for combustion is made up of multiple segments and separable to follow the way of circumference. Tubes for heat recovery are arranged in vertical way between the inner top wall of chamber and the wall of exhaust port at regular intervals. And the top and bottom of those tubes connect to supply pipe and collecting pipe which installed inside of top wall of chamber and wall of exhaust port in the horizontal direction.

21 Supply pipe divides the inflow fluid from outside into each tube and collecting pipe collects the fluid flowed from the above tube and it can emit to outside. Install water supplying drum which be connected with supply pipe at the bottom of exhaust port and install steam drum at the topper of exhaust port that connected collecting pipe. It can increase efficiency of heat energy to collect heat radiated from the chamber and exhaust port right away when install the heat recovery boiler at the topper of chamber and exhaust port. The rotating grate that burns solid fuel is very convenient to product, maintain and replace because it is prefabricated to separate and assemble. It will get of considerable benefits. P & G combustion boiler system is designed to supply PKS to rotating grate through the bottom of chamber. But other combustion boiler system are designed to put on solid fuel to the topper of chamber and fall down to the grate. So they blow away into the air not land on the rotating grate directly. Some of them get clinker to the wall of chamber and some block the way of exhaust gas treatment system which be equipped at the back of exhaust port. It s the cause to decline the function of chamber or depreciate in value of RDF & PKS. Here is the outline and characteristics of Pyrolysis Gasification Combustion Boiler System as follows; (next page)

22 1. All of solid fuels are supplied from the bottom center to topper of rotating grate. :- Most solid fuel are pressured combustible particle of waste resource or take the shape as a molten state. :- Even solid fuel is hard when it is molding, but it might change back into original particle during transportation or movement. In this case, put on solid fuel to the topper of grate, it flutters in the air or are forced out before landed on the rotating grate and come about combustible-loss. To prevent this problems, it is common to design to supply the fuel from the bottom to topper throughout the world. :- BUCHANG s system is equipped the bottom of grate with P & G Producer that is rotated slowly. So there is no any un-burn and can control the speed with variable system in accordance with the caloric of solid fuel. This BUCHANG s technology is patented 2. It composed of water-cooled wall & air cooling system in the bottom of chamber. :- P & G Combustion Boiler System is designed not to exceed the 850 ± 50 in the bottom and maintain more than 1200 ± 50 of middle temperature and 1100 ± 50 of outlet temperature(exit ). :- It should be produced mass amount of unburned gases while lowering the temperature of the bottom. All kinds of gases from the bottom is floating up to the topper and combust through two levels at high temperature. So various pollutants decompose and clean gas of high temperature is utilized to heat energy collector.

23 :- Therefore, it is necessary to install water-cooled wall structure in the bottom to set up the cooling zone not needed high-temperature combustion air. When install combustion system with refractory materials without this kind of apparatus, the inorganic substances like sand and soil are melted at the bottom or built clinker in the refractory wall and can t operate this system. :- BUCHANG combustion system is built water-cooled wall in the bottom and forms cooling zone by cooling circulation water repeatedly. There is no any clinker and medium-temperature water emitted is utilized to inject air to 2 nd chamber by air-cooled heat exchanger and the heat radiated to outside is cut off by doubled air-cooled system. It s the characteristic of BUCHANG system and patented. 3. It is detachable and assembled the rotating grates of the bottom with water-cooled scraper. :- The solid fuel is to be pyrolysis and gasification at the topper of rotating grate easily. And it is very convenient to product, maintain and replace because rotating grate is made up to separable and assembled. :- The protrusion of rotating grate is designed as separable type and used semi-permanently to operate unrestrictedly without heat defection because rotating grates in the bottom occur the heat porosity depend on the coefficient of expansion when heat it. :- After pyrolysis and gasification of all solid fuel, it just remains inorganic substance that emitted into outside. So it fix the water-cooled scrape to the topper of rotating grate and automate to lead the outlet continually. It s the characteristic of BUCHANG system and patented.

24 4. It is an integral system made up of combustion chamber and Boiler. :- It generate unburned gas to P&G combustion in the bottom of rotating grate and it is the method of perfect combustion that is implemented as form to Tornado flame between high temperature gas pressure of the bottom and cold gas pressure of the topper to plenty of combustible gaseous fuel. :- This special combustion method is only from BUCHANG. The ingredients, Cl, S are deactivated as the lump of inorganic and bounced to the surface of outer wall by centrifugal flame. They are descending to dreg outlet of the bottom and protect the water pipe of the boiler. All kinds pollutants decompose by high temperature combustion and this method accords closely with green growth technology to reduce CO², Carbon, etc. :- With P & G Combustion Boiler System(Integral type), it is possible to produce plenty of steams at an early stage and save solid fuels consumption when high temperature heat is radiated by high temperature combustion without going through 2 nd combustion chamber uncombined separately. It s the characteristic of BUCHANG system and patented. 5. BUCHANG s SYSTEM is superior to quality and meets the standard for permission to the combustion facility equipment of Solid fuel goods of the world.

25 :- It is restricted to use Pyrolysis & Gasification(P&G)Combustion boiler only to generate heat energy using Waste solid fuel in the world. :- It is prohibited from burning of waste materials in incinerator. Because lots pollutants are emitted when solid fuels of high caloric are burned in stocker. That is the materials are combusted incompletely when the air hole of stocker is clogged to fell down melting combustible materials of polymer system because of high heat generated by the combustion air of high pressure be supplied to the stocker. :- Also combustible materials of polymer system has to be burned continually. But the remnant polymers unburned attach to one another, melting a lump to the bottom of stock and discharge to the outlet. :- It is the characteristics of BUCHANG P & G COMBUSTION BOILER SYSTEM and patented. ** Gas is combusted completely by the Tornado fire method, throughout the process of Solidification Liquefaction Gasification at the topper of rotating grate successively. ** And discharged remnants of inorganic matter only. Therefore it does not need to install an ancillary fuel facility or expensive plasma equipment separately.

26 Suitable for small size generation unlike normal generation Clean and harmlessness emission process with using PKS & RDF Gasification emission CO and H2, can be used for various ways Construction cost is 20% lower than normal generation Easy installation because of smaller size Optimized efficiency of PKS calorific value is 4,400kcal/kg Producing and selling both heat and electricity is possible Applying national R&D project with other partners

27 1. Contract with local authorities. 2. Contract should be at least 15 years term. 3. Price for waste treatment (Korean Government supports 50%of construction cost and pays $60~70 for treatment fee, financial expense is included) 4. Contract for construction of generator facilities 5. Negotiate electricity price and operation period(at least $2, 15years ) 6. Considering price for waste treatment and electricity ( Feasibility study) 7. Fund raising based on profit analyses (Interest rate is annually 4~7%)

28 Preparation Stage Research for target area (total waste amount and configuration of the waste). Searching for partnership construction company. Implementation Estimating construction cost and cost per electricity production. Estimating profit from waste treatment and electricity production. Proposal to local authority (Clear investment and profit analyses). Construction and operation Signing up the contract with local authority. Establishing SPC. Sharing Profits. SPC operates and manages the business site.

29 Pyrolysis/gasification Combustor Hot Air Exchanger System AfterExhaust system Auto Control system Burning Temperature point 0ppm Emission)

30 Assembling main body of P & G Combustion Boiler Hopper constant feed & variable supply control system Solid Fuel notstar shaped- BIO-SRF Rotating Grate Shafter Venturi High temp. combustion chamber In progress- Pyrolysis / gasification integrated combustion boiler products manufactured in progress Steam 12 ton / hr, Unit 1, Unit 2, Aug 2013 Now ( Shinchang Paper Mill in Korea )

31 Certificate of New Excellent Technology Certificate of Green Technology Patent of Korea Ministry Integrated pyrolysis and gasification combustion boilers device of solid fuel products

32 Brief history of technical developer Name Position Age Education / Degree Career Research and development period Social activities Jeom Ryoung Kang Chairman 61year( 10month.1952) Samchek industry college exploitation resources depart Hanyang University Graduate School of Environmental Science Waste resources processing Engineering Master(1991, 8) POSCO Hot-rolled ATC Korea Institute of Energy Research KT&RE President Buchang Chairman ~ (33year) Resources and Energy Society elder embers Combustion Technology Council Technology Committee Korea Environment Institute of Connemara Tech Combustion Technology Consultant Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning Technical Evaluation Committee Korea Invention Promotion Association Daejeon Branch Vice President Transfer this technology to my granddaughter

33 33 771, Hasin-ri, Gumsung-myun, Gumsan-gun, Chungnam, Korea TEL : FAX : bhicom99@hanmail.net